WikiDwarfBOT at 13:56, 16 October 2022

2022-10-16T13:56:32Z

New page

{{complex|date=December 2011}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix = [[Her Excellency]]
| name = Aung San Suu Kyi
| native_name = {{small|အောင်ဆန်းစုကြည်}}
| native_name_lang = my
| image = Aung San Suu Kyi 2016.jpg
| office = 1st [[State Counsellor of Myanmar]]
| president = [[Htin Kyaw]] [[Win Myint (politician)|Win Myint]]
| term_start = 6 April 2016
| term_end = 1 February 2021
| predecessor = [[Thein Sein]] {{small|([[Prime Minister of Myanmar|Prime Minister]], 2011)}}
| office1 = [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Myanmar)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
| president1 = [[Htin Kyaw]] [[Win Myint (politician)|Win Myint]]
| deputy1 = [[Kyaw Tin]]
| term_start1 = 30 March 2016
| term_end1 = 1 February 2021
| predecessor1 = [[Wunna Maung Lwin]]
| successor1 =
| office2 = [[Office of the President of Myanmar|Minister of the President's Office]]
| president2 = [[Htin Kyaw]] [[Win Myint (politician)|Win Myint]]
| term_start2 = 30 March 2016
| term_end2 = 1 February 2021
| predecessor2 = [[Aung Min]] [[Hla Tun]] [[Soe Maung]] [[Soe Thein]] [[Thein Nyunt]]
| successor2 =
| office3 = President of the [[National League for Democracy]]
| term_start3 = 18 November 2011
| term_end3 =
| predecessor3 = [[Aung Shwe]]
| successor3 =
| office4 = [[Opposition (Myanmar)|Leader of the Opposition]]
| president4 = [[Thein Sein]]
| term_start4 = 2 May 2012
| term_end4 = 29 January 2016
| predecessor4 = [[Sai Hla Kyaw]]
| successor4 =
| office5 = General Secretary of the [[National League for Democracy]]
| term_start5 = 27 September 1988
| term_end5 = 18 November 2011
| predecessor5 = Position established
| successor5 = Position abolished
| office6 = Member of the [[House of Representatives (Myanmar)|Burmese House of Representatives]] for [[Kawhmu Township|Kawhmu]]
| term_start6 = 2 May 2012
| term_end6 = 30 March 2016
| predecessor6 = [[Soe Tint]]
| successor6 = ''Vacant''
| majority6 = 46,73 (71.38%)
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1945|6|19}}
| birth_place = [[Yangon|Rangoon]], [[British rule in Burma|British Burma]] {{small|(now Yangon)}}
| death_date =
| death_place =
| party = [[National League for Democracy]]
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Michael Aris]]|()=small|1 January 1972|27 March 1999|reason=died}}
| children = 2, including [[Alexander Aris|Alex]]
| parents = [[Aung San]] {{small|(Father)}} [[Khin Kyi]] {{small|(Mother)}}
| residence = [[54 University Avenue]]
| alma_mater = [[University of Delhi]] [[St Hugh's College, Oxford]] [[SOAS, University of London|University of London]]
| awards = [[Thorolf Rafto Memorial Prize|Rafto Prize]] [[Sakharov Prize]] [[Nobel Peace Prize]] [[Jawaharlal Nehru Award]] [[International Simón Bolívar Prize]] [[Olof Palme Prize]] [[Bhagwan Mahavir World Peace]] [[Congressional Gold Medal]]
| signature = Aung San Suu Kyi signature 2013.svg
| website = {{url|eng.nldchairperson.org|Party website}}
| module = {{Listen
|embed = yes
|title = Aung San Suu Kyi's voice
|filename = Aung San Suu Kyi BBC Radio4 Desert Island Discs 27 January 2013 b01q7gvl.flac
|type = speech
|description = from the BBC programme ''[[Desert Island Discs]]'', 27 January 2013<ref name="BBC-b01q7gvl">{{Cite episode |title=Aung San Suu Kyi |series=Desert Island Discs |series-link=Desert Island Discs |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01q7gvl |access-date=18 January 2014 |station=BBC Radio 4 |date=27 January 2013}}</ref>}}
}}

{{nobelprize|Peace}}
'''Aung San Suu Kyi''' (born 19 June 1945 in [[Yangon]], [[Burma]]) is a [[human rights]] activist, [[Nobel Peace Prize]] winner, and State Counsellor of Myanmar.

Suu Kyi was not able to be president. Instead, she became the State Counsellor of Myanmar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar037961&st=aung+san+suu+kyi#tab=homepage|title=World Book|website=www.worldbookonline.com|access-date=2018-05-03}}</ref>
She brought some [[democracy]] to her country with [[nonviolence]].
She is the leader of the National League for Democracy in Burma and a famous [[prisoner]]. She has been under house arrest several times. Suu Kyi won the [[Rafto Prize]] and the [[Sakharov Prize]] in 1990, and the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in 1991. In 1992, she was awarded the [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] peace prize.

She is sometimes called ''[[Burmese language|Daw Aung San Suu Kyi]]''. Daw is not part of her name, but a title for older women. This name shows respect for her.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.myanmar.gov.mm/Perspective/persp1997/9-97/fam9-97.htm | title=Myanmar Family Roles and Social Relationships | publisher=Government of Myanmar | access-date=2007-09-24}}</ref>She's called '''Amay Suu''' by the people, meaning '''Mother Suu'''.

On 1 February 2021, Aung San Suu Kyi was arrested and removed from power by the military during a [[2021 Myanmar coup d'état|coup d'état]]. The [[Tatmadaw|military]] accused the November [[2020 Myanmar general election]] results fraudulent.<ref>{{cite news |title=Myanmar's Aung San Suu Kyi 'detained by military', NLD party says |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-55882489 |access-date=31 January 2021 |agency=BBC News}}</ref> On February 3, she was accused as violating Myanmar's import laws <ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-02-03|title=Myanmar coup: Detained Aung San Suu Kyi faces charges|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-55915354|access-date=2021-02-03}}</ref> On February 16, Myanmar police filed a second criminal charge against her, this time for violating the country's Natural Disaster Law<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-myanmar-politics-suu-kyi-idUSKBN2AG0P4|title=Myanmar police file additional charge against Aung San Suu Kyi: lawyer|publisher=Reuters|date=February 16, 2020|access-date=February 17, 2021}}</ref>and Military accused with many other cases like having a walkie talkie. However, nearly all of the case military accuse are not trusted by the people of Myanmar.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}

== Personal life ==
Aung San Suu Kyi was the third child in her family. Her name "Aung San" comes from her father, who is also named [[Aung San]]; "Kyi" comes from her mother; and "Suu" comes from her grandmother.<ref name="Nobel.org">[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1991/kyi-bio.html Nobel Prize.org] Bio Details. Quote: ''1945: 19 June. Aung San Suu Kyi born in Yangon, third child in family. "Aung San" for father, "Kyi" for mother, "Suu" for grandmother, also day of week of birth. Favourite brother is to drown tragically at an early age. The older brother, will settle in San Diego, California, becoming United States citizen.''</ref>

Her father helped to make Burma [[independence|independent]] from the [[United Kingdom]] in 1947. He was killed in the same year. She grew up with her mother, Khin Kyi, and two brothers, Aung San Lin and [[Aung San Oo]] in [[Yangon]]. One of her brothers, Aung San Lin, drowned when Suu Kyi was eight.<ref name="Nobel.org"/> Her other brother, Aung San Oo currently lives in [[San Diego, California|San Diego]], [[California]] and is an [[United States|American]] [[citizen]].<ref name="Nobel.org"/>

Suu Kyi went to [[Catholic]] schools for much of her childhood in Burma. She learned [[English language|English]] in school.

Khin Kyi, Suu Kyi's mother, became famous as a politician. She became the Burmese [[ambassador]] to [[India]] in 1960. Aung San Suu Kyi went to college in India at the [[Lady Shri Ram College for Women]] in [[New Delhi]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1991/kyi-bio.html |title=Aung San Suu Kyi — Biography |publisher=Nobel Foundation |access-date=4 May 2006}}</ref> Suu Kyi continued her education at [[St Hugh's College, Oxford]], and learned about [[philosophy]], [[politics]], and [[economics]]. She also went to the [[School of Oriental and African Studies]] at [[University of London]] in the 1980s.

She moved to [[New York City|New York]] and worked at the [[United Nations]]. In 1972, Aung San Suu Kyi married [[Michael Aris]] (1946-1999), a [[professor]] of [[Tibet]]an culture who lived in [[Bhutan]]. She had met Aris when they were both students at Oxford. In 1973, she gave birth to her first son, Alexander, in London; and in 1977 she had her second son, Kim.

== Political beginnings ==
Aung San Suu Kyi returned to Burma in 1988 to take care of her sick mother. That year, the long-time leader of the [[socialist]] ruling party, General [[Nay Win]], stopped being a politician.

She admired [[Mohandas Gandhi]]'s use of nonviolence.<ref>{{cite web | title = Profile: Aung San Suu Kyi | publisher = BBC News Online | date = 25 May 2006 | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/1950505.stm | access-date = 2007-05-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = The Nobel Peace Prize 1991 Presentation Speech | publisher = Nobel Foundation | url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1991/presentation-speech.html | access-date = 2007-05-26}}</ref> She was also inspired by [[Buddhism]].<ref>[http://homepages.tesco.net/~ghoutman Mental culture in Burmese crisis politics: Aung San Suu Kyi and the National League for Democracy] (ILCAA Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa Monograph Series) (1999) by Gustaaf Houtman, {{ISBN|978-4872977486}}</ref> Aung San Suu Kyi worked for democracy and helped make the National League for Democracy on September 27th 1988.

Because Suu Kyi was fighting against the government, she was asked to leave the country, but she did not.

== House arrest and release ==
She was arrested in 1989 and placed in [[prison]] in 1990. This was after an election which her party, the National League for Democracy, won, but they were not allowed to be in charge of the country. Between 1990 and 2010, she was almost always in her home, which is called [[house arrest]]. Burma released her in November 2010. Suu Kyi was going to be released in 2009, but when a man was found entering her home, she was kept on house arrest for another year because she had broken the rules of the house arrest.

==Time as a politician==
After she was released from house arrest, she was elected to be State Counsellor. When she was State Counsellor, Burma had serious problems with the [[genocide]] of the [[Rohingya]].

==Political belief==
[[File:Ms. magazine Cover - Winter 2012.jpg|thumbnail|Suu Kyi on the front of ''[[Ms. magazine]]'' in 2012]]
When she was asked what democratic models Myanmar could look to, she said: "We have many, many lessons to learn from various places, not just the [[Asia|Asian countries]] like [[South Korea]], [[Taiwan]], [[Mongolia]] and [[Indonesia]]." She also cited "the [[east Europe|eastern European]] countries, which made the transition from communist autocracy to democracy in the 1980s and 1990s, and the [[Latin American]] countries, which made the transition from military governments. "And we cannot of course forget [[South Africa]], because although it wasn't a military regime, it was certainly an authoritarian regime." She added: "We wish to learn from everybody who has achieved a transition to democracy, and also ... our great strong point is that, because we are so far behind everybody else, we can also learn which mistakes we should avoid."<ref>[http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5g7jcSqNCiDcId7mEJs9DXzmqzGtA?docId=CNG.a49d8e2a5f23889e2d2987feb130e63f.31 Myanmar's Suu Kyi ends US trip, hailing democracy], AFP, Oct 3, 2012</ref>

== Book ==
=== Authored ===
* ''[[Letters from Burma]]'' (1998) with [[Fergal Keane]] {{ISBN|978-0140264036}}
* ''The Voice of Hope'' (1998) with [[Alan Clements]], {{ISBN|978-1888363838}}
* ''[[Freedom from Fear and Other Writings]]'' (1995) with [[Václav Havel]], [[Desmond M. Tutu]], and [[Michael Aris]], {{ISBN|978-0140253177}}
* ''Der Weg zur Freiheit'' (1999) with U Kyi Maung, U Tin Oo, {{ISBN|978-3404614356}}
* ''Letter to Daniel: Despatches from the Heart'' (1996) by Fergal Keane, foreword by Aung San Suu Kyi, edited by Tony Grant {{ISBN|978-0140262896}}
* ''[[Burma's Revolution of the Spirit: The Struggle for Democratic Freedom and Dignity]]'' (1994) with Alan Clements, Leslie Kean, The Dalai Lama, Sein Win {{ISBN|978-0893815806}}
* ''[[Aung San of Burma: A Biographical Portrait by His Daughter]]'' (1991) {{ISBN|978-1870838801}}, 2nd edition 1995
* ''Aung San (Leaders of Asia Series)'' (1990) {{ISBN|978-9990288834}}
* ''Burma and India: Some aspects of intellectual life under colonialism'' (1990) {{ISBN|978-8170231349}}
* ''Bhutan (Let's Visit Series)'' (1986) {{ISBN|978-0222010995}}
* ''Nepal (Let's Visit Series)'' (1985) {{ISBN|978-0222009814}}
* ''Burma (Let's Visit Series)'' (1985) {{ISBN|978-0222009791}}

=== Edited ===
* ''Tibetan Studies in Honour of [[Hugh E. Richardson|Hugh Richardson]]''. Edited by [[Michael Aris]] and Aung San Suu Kyi. (1979). Vikas Publishing house, New Delhi.

=== Mentioned in ===
* ''Aung San Suu Kyi (Modern Peacemakers)'' (2007) by Judy L. Hasday, {{ISBN|978-0791094358}}
* ''The Lady: Aung San Suu Kyi: Nobel Laureate and Burma's Prisoner'' (2002) by Barbara Victor, {{ISBN|978-0571211777}}, or 1998 hardcover: {{ISBN|978-0571199440}}
* ''Perfect Hostage: A Life of Aung San Suu Kyi'' (2007) by Justin Wintle, {{ISBN|978-0091796815}}
* ''Tyrants: The World's 20 Worst Living Dictators'' (2006) by David Wallechinsky, {{ISBN|978-0060590048}}
* ''Aung San Suu Kyi (Trailblazers of the Modern World)'' (2004) by William Thomas, {{ISBN|978-0836852639}}
* ''No Logo: No Space, No Choice, No Jobs'' (2002) by [[Naomi Klein]] {{ISBN|978-0312421434}}
* ''[http://homepages.tesco.net/~ghoutman Mental culture in Burmese crisis politics: Aung San Suu Kyi and the National League for Democracy] (ILCAA Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa Monograph Series)'' (1999) by Gustaaf Houtman, {{ISBN|978-4872977486}}
* ''Aung San Suu Kyi: Standing Up for Democracy in Burma (Women Changing the World)'' (1998) by Bettina Ling {{ISBN|978-1558611979}}
* ''Aung San Suu Kyi: Fearless Voice of Burma (Newsmakers Biographies Series)'' (1997) by Whitney Stewart, {{ISBN|978-0822549314}}
* ''Prisoner for Peace: Aung San Suu Kyi and Burma's Struggle for Democracy (Champions of Freedom Series)'' (1994) by John Parenteau, {{ISBN|978-1883846053}}
* ''Des femmes prix Nobel de Marie Curie à Aung San Suu Kyi, 1903-1991'' (1992) by Charlotte Kerner, Nicole Casanova, Gidske Anderson, {{ISBN|978-2721004277}}
* ''Aung San Suu Kyi, towards a new freedom'' (1998) by Chin Geok Ang {{ISBN|978-9814024303}}
* ''Aung San Suu Kyi's struggle: Its principles and strategy'' (1997) by Mikio Oishi {{ISBN|978-9839861068}}
* ''Finding George Orwell in Burma'' (2004) by Emma Larkin {{ISBN|1594-20052-1}}

== Awards ==
* [[Thorolf Rafto Memorial Prize]] (1990)
* [[Sakharov Prize]] (1991)
* [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (1991)
* [[Prize for Freedom]] of the [[Liberal International]] (1995)
* [[Freedom of City of Dublin,]] Republic of Ireland (1999)
* [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] (2000)
* [[Jawaharlal Nehru Award]] (1993)
* [[Olof Palme Prize]]
* [[Companion of the Order of Australia]] (Australia's Highest Civil Honour)
* [[UNESCO Madanjeet Singh Prize for the Promotion of Tolerance & Non-Violence]] (2002)
* [[Four Freedoms Award]] in the category ''[[Freemdom from fear]]'' (2006)
* [[Honorary Canadian citizenship]], (2007)
* [[Congressional Gold Medal]] (2008)<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7366357.stm US Senate honours Burma's Suu Kyi - BBC News] 2008-04-25</ref>
* Honorary President of the [[LSESU]]
* Doctorate of Letters [[Honorary degree|honoris causa]] from [[Colgate University]]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.collegenews.org/x7907.xml | title = CBS News Journalist Lesley Stahl to Deliver Colgate's 2008 Commencement Address | date = 2008-02-21 | access-date = 2008-05-18 | archive-date = 2009-01-14 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090114172641/http://www.collegenews.org/x7907.xml | url-status = dead }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{wikiquote-en}}

* [http://www.dassk.com/index.php Daw Aung San Suu Kyi Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102185455/http://www.dassk.com/index.php |date=2013-01-02 }}
* [http://www.uscampaignforburma.org/assk/biography.html US Campaign for Burma Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206154123/http://uscampaignforburma.org/assk/biography.html |date=2009-02-06 }}
* [http://www.burmacampaign.org.uk The Burma Campaign UK Website]
* [http://www.thefreedomcampaign.org The Freedom Campaign] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916164714/http://thefreedomcampaign.org/ |date=2017-09-16 }} raising awareness through fashion, film, and music
* [http://www.freesuukyi.org Free Suu Kyi.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831171932/https://freesuukyi.org/ |date=2018-08-31 }}

=== Nobel Prize ===
* [http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1991/index.html The Nobel Peace Prize 1991] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724045843/http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1991/index.html |date=2008-07-24 }}
* [http://www.nobel.se/peace/laureates/1991/press.html Nobel Prize press release] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040610204724/http://www.nobel.se/peace/laureates/1991/press.html |date=2004-06-10 }}
* [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1991/kyi-acceptance.html The Nobel Peace Prize acceptance speech of Aung San Suu Kyi's son Alexander Aris]

{{Nobel Peace Prize}}

[[Category:1945 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Asian politicians]]
[[Category:Prime ministers]]
[[Category:Burmese people]]
[[Category:Nonviolence advocates]]
[[Category:Order of Australia]]
[[Category:Socialists]]
[[Category:Asian writers]]
[[Category:Political prisoners]]

Aung San Suu Kyi - Revision history

WikiDwarfBOT at 13:56, 16 October 2022