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In the [[Vamsa Brahmana]] of [[Historical Vedic religion|Vedic]] literature, '''Aupamanyava''' is listed as a Vedic teacher and sage of the [[Sama Veda]].<ref>
:1.18 Ānandajaścāndʰanāyanaḥ Śāmbāccʰārkarākṣyāt Kāmbojāccopamanyavāt||
:1.19 Śāmbaḥ Śārkarākṣyaḥ Kāmbojaścaupamanyavo Madrakārāccʰauṅgāyaneḥ||
:1.20 Madrakāraḥ Śauṅgāyaniḥ svāterauṣṭrākṣeḥ||
::— (Vamsa Brahmana 1.18-19).</ref><ref>'''See Link''': {{cite web |url=http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/ind/aind/ved/sv/vb/vb.htm |title=titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/ind/aind/ved/sv/vb/vb.htm }}.</ref>

The patronymic ''Aupamanyava'' establishes him as a descendant of [[Upamanyu]], while the name ''Kamboja'' suggests an association with the [[Kambojas|Kamboja]] kingdom of the (late Vedic) [[Mahajanapada]] period.<ref>Vedic Index of Names and Subjects, 1958, p 149, [[Arthur Anthony Macdonell]], [[Arthur Berriedale Keith]] - Vedas.</ref>

[[Vamsa Brahmana]] informs us that ''sage Anandaja'' had received the Vedic learning from sage Samba, the son of ''Sarkaraksa'', as well as from Kamboja, the son or descendant of ''Upamanyu''.

==Lineage==
''Vamsa Brahamana''<ref>See: Vamsa Brahmana verse 1.18-19</ref> of the [[Sama Veda]] refers to one [[Rishi|Rsi]] ''Madragara Shaungayani'' as the teacher of [[Aupamanyava Kamboja]]. As the name itself suggests, risi Madragara Shaungayani belonged to [[Madra]] tribe, i.e. the [[Uttaramadras]].

Dr Jain also observes: ''"Kamboja Aupamanyava, pupil of Madragara, is mentioned in the Vamsa Brahmana. This points to a possible relationship of the Madras or more probably of the Uttaramasdras with the Kambojas, who probably had Indian as well as Iranian affinities"''.<ref>Ethnology of Ancient Bhārata, 1970, p 108, Dr Ram Chandra Jain.</ref>

==As a grammarian==

Aupamanyava is repeatedly quoted as a [[Sanskrit grammarians|grammarian]] by [[Yaska]] in his ''Nirukta'', and also mentioned in respect of the ''Nisadas and the Panca-janah''.<ref>Ref: Cultural Sources from the Veda, 1977, p 35, Sadashiv Ambadas Dange.</ref><ref>Dialectics of Hindu Ritualism, 1956, pp 59, 133, Bhupendranātha Datta.</ref><ref>Bhāratīya Vidyā: A Quarterly Research Organ of the Bhavan on All Subjects Connected with Indian Culture, 1967, p 56, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan (Bombay)-India.</ref><ref>Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Vedic Terms, 2000, p 316, Parmeshwaranand - Vedas.</ref><ref>Kamboja People and the Country, 1981, pp 204-205, Dr J. L. Kamboj.</ref><ref>Political History of Ancient India, 1996, p 134, fn 1, Dr H. C. Raychaudhury, Dr B. N. Mukerjee. NOTE: Dr H. C. Raychaudhury cites reference to Aupamanyava (Nirukta II.2) and identifies him with Kamboja Aupamanyava of the Vamsa Brahmana (Ibid).</ref>
Aupamanyava is also stated to have authored one Nighantu—a collection of [[Vedic Sanskrit|Vedic]] words <ref>For references to Aupamanyava Kamboja in Yaska’s Nirukta, see: Dialectics of Hindu Ritualism, 1956, pp 59, Bhupendranātha Datta; Political History of Ancient India, 1996, p 134, Dr H. C. Raychaudhury, Dr B. N. Mukerjee; Also: Kamboja People and the Country, 1981, pp 204-205, Dr J. L. Kamboj; Cultural Sources From the Vedas, 1977, pp 34-35, Sadashiv Ambadas Dange; Cultural Heritage Of India, 1958, pp 292-293, Article contributed by Dr V. D. Aggarwala.</ref>
Pt Bhagva Datta points out that, Dr G. Opart has referred to one nirukta (etymology) whose authorship he attributes to a certain Upamanyu <ref>Catalogue of Sanskrit Manuscripts, Part II, p 510, Dr G Opart.</ref>

==Vamsa Brahmana==
Commenting on the Vamsa Brahmana list of Vedic teachers, Albrecht Weber writes: ''"One fact deserves to be especially noticed here, namely, that several of the teachers mentioned in the Vamsa Brahmana, by their very names, points us directly to the north-west of India, e.g. Kamboja Aupamanyava, Madaragara Saungayani, Sati Aushtrakshi, Salamkayana and Kauhala" ''.<ref>See: The history of Indian literature, 2001 (edition), pp 74/75, fn 71, Albrecht Weber; See also I St., IV, pp 378-80.</ref> And commenting on the same list, R Morton Smith also writes: ''“The names Kamboja Aupamanyava, Sati Austraksi and Madragara Saungayani suggest a North-west connection for the main branch of [[Vamsa Brahmana]]''.<ref>Dates and Dynasties: Part III : the Brahmans, 2000, p 79, R Morton Smith - Brahmans.</ref>

Among the entire lists of ancient Vedic teachers of the [[Satapatha Brahmana]] as well as the Vamsa Brahmana,<ref>A History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature So Far as it Illustrates the Primitive Religion of the Brahmans, 1860, pp 438-444, Friedrich Max Müller - Sanskrit literature.</ref> Kamboja Aupamanyava appears as the first "Aupamanyava"' (i.e. ''son or descendant of [[Upamanyu]]''). This Kamboja Aupamanyava was the guru of Anadaja Chandhanayana who in turn was the guru of Bhanumant Aupamanyava.<ref>Vamsa Brahmania 16-15.</ref> Bhanumant Aupamanyava had instructed Urjayant Aupamanyava.<ref>Vamsa Brahmana 15-14</ref> Vedic teachers Bhanumanta Aupamanyava and Urjayant Aupamanyava of the Vamsa Brahmana list were probably the son and grandson of Kamboja Aupamanyava.

==Aupamanyava/Upamanyu Gotra==

''Upamanyu'' also is one of the gotras of Hindu [[brahmin]]s. The people with Upamanyu gotra live in far western part of [[Nepal]] and eastern Parts of Jammu & Kashmir. They are basically present just below the Mount Kailash as they pray to Lord Shiva only. However, according to Dr D. C. Sircar, Upamanyu gotra is not found in early Sanskrit literature and it is difficult to determine at this time whether it is a mistake for Aupamanyava gotra.<ref>[[Epigraphia Indica]], XXXIII, p 193.</ref>

Prof B. N. Datta comments: ''"...In the list of Brahmana gotras mentioned in the Matsya-Purana,<ref>Matasya Ourana Ch. 195, Sl. 336.</ref> the name "Kamboja" is to be found. It is said to be an offshoot of the Vrigu ([[Bhrigus]]) gotras. This means that a Rishi hailing from the [[Kambojas|Kamboja]] [[tribe]] was also founder of a Brahmanical class.......Weber says that the appearance of the name of Kamboja (an Indian-sounding name in Vedic text) as a Sama theologian<ref>Vedic teacher Kamboja Aupamanyava mentioned in Vamsa Brahmana, 18.</ref> is analogous of the discovery of the name of Gautama in [[Zoroastrian]] Mithra-Yesht.<ref>Hymn to Mithra.</ref><ref>Windischmann, Mithra, pp 29, 79.</ref><ref>Indische Studien, herausg, 1858, p 356, Albrecht Friedrich Weber; Monatsberichte der Königlichen preussische Akademie des Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1858, p 5101, Königlich Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin.</ref> Upamanyu was of Kamboja descent, and Ushtaxri (Sati Austrakshi) <ref>According to Vamsa Brahmana of Sama-Veda, Sati Aushtrakshi was the teacher of Madaragara Saungayanai. Madragara Saungayani was the guru of Kamboja Aupamanyava who in turn was the guru of Anandaja Chandhanayana. It appears that sage Ushtaxri/Ushtakshri was one of the two gurus of Sati Aushtrakshi, the second being Susravasa Varshaganya (See Vamsa Brahamana verses 18-22)</ref> was probably of Bactrian origin. Further, the name of prominent [[Rishi]] like Atharva sounds like Atharavan or Atharvan, the Persian fire-cult priest. The names of [[Atharva]] and [[Angiras (sage)|Angirasa]] are connected with the introduction of fire-cult amongst the Vedic people. In this case, we find another infiltration of the foreign element (Kambojas etc.) in the ethnic composition of the Vedic Aryas" ''.<ref>Dialectics of Hindu Ritualism, 1956, p 59, 60, 132, Bhupendranātha Datta.</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*The Vamçabrahmana: (Friedrich Max Müller, 1860): [https://books.google.com/books?id=U-1jAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA443&dq=Bhanumat+Aupamanyava]
*The Vamçabrahmana: (TITUS version by Jost Gippert): [http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/ind/aind/ved/sv/vb/vb.htm]
*The Vamçabrahmana: ( Arthur Coke Burnell,1873): [https://books.google.com/books?id=JtsoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA5&dq=Bhanumata++Aupamanyava]

{{Rishis of Hindu mythology}}

[[Category:Rishis]]

Aupamanyava - Revision history

>JJMC89 bot III at 23:48, 3 May 2021