>Ayathanalok at 15:52, 17 January 2022

2022-01-17T15:52:55Z

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{{short description|First female doctor in Kerala(Malabar)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Dr. Ayyathan Janaki Ammal
| image = Ayathan Alok.jpg
| caption = First Lady doctor of Malabar, Kerala (First Malayali Lady Doctor)
| native_name = ഡോ. അയ്യത്താൻ ജാനകി അമ്മാൾ
| birth_name = Ayyathan Janaki
| birth_date = 1881
| birth_place = Thalassery
| death_date = 1945
| death_place = Madras
| resting_place = Santhi Gardens, Ayathan Family Cemetery, Calicut
| nationality = Indian
| alma_mater = [[Madras Medical College]]
| occupation = Doctor, Surgeon, Medical school lecturer
| known_for = First Female Doctor of Kerala(Malabar), First Malayali Lady Doctor
| mother = Kallat Chirutha Ammal
| father = Ayyathan Chandhan
| relatives = Dr.[[Ayyathan Gopalan]]
| family = Ayyathan family
| awards = Best Doctor Award
}}

Dr.'''Ayyathan Janaki Ammal''' (1881-1945) was the first female doctor in Kerala(Malabar)<ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Modern Kerala: Studies in Social and Agrarian Relations ,K.K.N.Kurup. p. 86.|publisher=K.K.N.Kurup. p. 86. mittal publications|year=1988|isbn=|location=|pages=K.K.N.Kurup. p. 86}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Dr. Ayyathan Gopalan|first1=Malayalam Memoir (2013)|title=Dr. Ayyathan Gopalan edited by V.R.Govindhanunni|last2=edited by V.R.Govindhanunni , Kozhikode|publisher=published by Mathrubhumi books|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|first=Kausallya|last=Gopalan|title=Kausallya Gopalan (1932) Biography written by Vagbhatananda guru|publisher=published by Mathrubhumi Press, Calicut in 1932|year=1932|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Ente ammayude ormadaykk (1901) Biography of Kallat Chiruthammal|publisher=DR.Ayathan Gopalan.,Spectator press|year=1901|isbn=|location=Calicut|pages=}}</ref> which was an administrative district of [[Madras Presidency]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Malabar Manual|publisher=william logan|year=1951|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref> during [[British Raj|British rule in India]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Judd, Denis, 1938-|title=The British Raj|year=1987|origyear=1972|publisher=Wayland|isbn=1-85210-283-7|oclc=20461761}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Alam|first=Aniket|title=Social Movements during British Rule|work=Becoming India|year=2007|pages=208–253|place=Delhi|publisher=Foundation Books|doi=10.1017/upo9788175968387.008|isbn=978-81-7596-838-7}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sunderlal, author.|title=British rule in India|date=August 2018|isbn=978-93-5280-803-8|oclc=1049567927}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Ritzer, George|title=PLACE AND CASTE IDENTIFICATION: DISTANCIATION AND SPATIAL IMAGINARIES ON A CASTE-BASED SOCIAL NETWORK|date=2014|publisher=University of Maryland (College Park, Md.)|oclc=890402212}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=From North to North Malabar|publisher=N.C. Shyamalan|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Castes and tribes of south India|publisher=Edgar Thurston and K. Rangachari|year=1909|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Vamseeya Raajavamsangal|publisher=Kottiyath Sadanandan.|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Kerala Charithra Niroopanam Adhava Theeyarute. Powranikatwam|publisher=Edward Press, Cannanore 1935. Balaram|year=1935|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Pauranika Kerala. Athava Kerala Charitra Niroopanam [Ancient Kerala, or A Critique of Kerala History] ...|publisher=Kambil Anandan|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Kannoorinte Kal vilakkukal|publisher=Baghyaseelan Chalad|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref> and the sister to [[Ayyathan Gopalan]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Dr. Ayyathan Gopalan Malayalam Memoir (2013) Kozhikode|publisher=edited by V.R.Govindhanunni, published by Mathrubhumi books|year=2013|isbn=|location=calicut|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Samakaleenaraya Chila Keraleeyar.|publisher=Kesava Menon. K. P. (1974). Sahithya Pra. Co. s: Sahithya Pra. Co. s.|year=1974|isbn=|location=|page=239}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Mughaparichayam (1959) .|publisher=Govindan A.C. Published by K.R.Brothers, Kozhikkode. p|year=1959|isbn=|location=|pages=155 p. 156 p. 157 p. 158 p. 159}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Kerala navothanam yuga sandhadikal yuga silpikal|publisher=P. Govindapilla (2010) ,chintha pp|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref> a [[Kerala reformation movement|social reformer of Kerala]], the founder of the [[Sugunavardhini movement]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=History of the Calicut Brahmo Samaj|publisher=K.Achuthan, Spectator press|year=1928|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref> and the leader and propagandist of [[Brahmo Samaj]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=History of the Calicut Brahmosamaj|publisher=K.Achuthan, Spectator press|year=1928|isbn=|location=Calicut|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite document|title=Brāhmo Samāj|doi=10.1163/1877-5888_rpp_sim_02315}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Bose, Ram Chandra.|title=Brahmoism; or, History of reformed Hinduism from its origin in 1830,.|date=1884|publisher=Funk & Wagnalls|oclc=1032604831}}</ref><ref>{{Cite document|last=Summers|first=William J.|title=Roy [Le Roy, Le Roi, Roi, Lo Roi, Lo Roy], Bartolomeo|date=2001|publisher=Oxford University Press|series=Oxford Music Online|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.23993}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Rammohun Roy, Raja, 1772?-1833.|title=Sati : a writeup of Raja Ram Mohan Roy about burning of widows alive|date=1996|publisher=B.R. Pub. Corp|isbn=81-7018-898-9|oclc=827940245}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nazir|first=Parwez|date=2011|title=Raja Ram Mohan Roy: Social Reform and Empowerment of Women|journal=Journal of Exclusion Studies|volume=1|issue=2|pages=1|doi=10.5958/j.2231-4547.1.2.013|issn=2231-4547}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Alam|first=Aniket|title=Social Movements during British Rule|work=Becoming India|year=2007|pages=208–253|place=Delhi|publisher=Foundation Books|doi=10.1017/upo9788175968387.008|isbn=978-81-7596-838-7}}</ref> in [[Kerala]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Stott, David.|title=Kerala|date=January 2016|publisher=Footprint|isbn=978-1-910120-57-6|oclc=950876236}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Padmanabha Menon, K. P. (Krishnat P.), 1857-1919.|title=History of Kerala : a history of Kerala written in the form of notes on Visscher's letters from Malabar|date=2001|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=81-206-0164-5|oclc=911738996}}</ref>

== Biography ==
She was born into "[[Ayathan School|Ayyathan]]" family (aristocratic Thiyya family of Malabar) at [[Thalassery|Telicherry]],as the daughter of Ayyathan Chandhan and Kallat Chiruthammal.

She studied at the Telicherry Elementary School and moved to convent school, Calicut in 1897. She then joined [[Madras Medical College]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Madras Medical College.|title=Annual Report of the Madras Medical College. Session 1855-56( -1876-77).|date=1856–77|oclc=562478204}}</ref> in 1902 on scholarship and passed the [[Licentiate in Medicine and Surgery|LMP examination]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Donaldson, Peter.|title=A review of the present systems of medicine and chirurgery of Europe and America; : respectfully designed to diffuse medical knowledge, and to essay the permanent esetablishment of the experimental and rational practice of the art, on fixed and solid bases, among practitioners, by exhibiting all the new discoveries, inventions, improvements and additions, made by the experienced and learned professors of medicine and chirurgery, herein collected, illustrated and digested, in a new method of arrangement, into a lucid system of medical and chirurgical doctrines and principles of the science and art, viewed in connexion with the most refined principles and demonstrations of anatomy, physiology, pathology, nosology, pharmacy, chymistry, materia medica, midical jurisprudence and philosophy, which may, in any way or degree, contribute to advance the glory and perfection of the healing art.|date=1821|publisher=Published by the author, no. 172 Water-Street. Gray & Bunce, printers|oclc=78125622}}</ref> (sub assistant surgeon) in 1907 with the highest rank and with honors. That same year she joined [[Public service|government service]] at [[Chengalpattu|Chenkelpet]] government hospital where her career started as an assistant surgeon and physician. She came back to Calicut to work at the Leprosy hospital where she worked for years before leaving back to Madras where she joined the [[Tiruchirappalli|Trichy]] government hospital.

Janaki Ammal was service-oriented and was a social activist. She had worked with the Sugunavardhini movement<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bose, Ram Chandra.|title=Brahmoism; or, History of reformed Hinduism from its origin in 1830,.|date=1884|publisher=Funk & Wagnalls|oclc=1032604831}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=cultural heritage of kerala|publisher=a. sreedharamenon|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=History of Calicut Brahmo Samaj|publisher=K.Achuthan|year=1928|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref> to uplift women and people from the downtrodden sections of society. Along with her brother Dr.Ayyathan Gopalan, she conducted free medical camps while working at Calicut together with Kallat Kausallya Ammal and Dr. Alummootil Thaiparambil Mandhakini Bai(Ayathan Gopalan's daughter-in-law)

Janaki Ammal is considered a pioneer in fighting for women's rights in the Sugunavardhini movement.<ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=History of the Calicut Brahmosamaj|publisher=K. Achuthan, Spectator press|year=1928|isbn=|location=Calicut|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Kerala navothanam yuga sandhadikal yuga silpikal|publisher=P. Govindapilla (2010) ,chintha pp|year=2010|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Modern Kerala: Studies in Social and Agrarian Relations|publisher=Kurup, K. K. N. (1988), Mittal Publications|year=1988|isbn=9788170990949|location=kottayam|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Ente ammayude ormadaykk (1901) Biography of Kallat Chiruthammal|publisher=DR.Ayathan Gopalan, Spectator press|year=1901|isbn=|location=Calicut|pages=}}</ref>

She died in 1945.<ref>Ente ammayude ormadaykk (Biography of Kallat Chirutha Ammal) written by Dr. Ayyathan Gopalan in the 1930</ref>

== Bibliography ==
* "Appan oru ormapusthakam" (Malayalam),author Ayathan Alok.
* "Darsar, The untold story of an unsung hero" (English) written by Ayathan Alok.
* Kerala Charithram vol2 by P.S. Velayudhan
* ''Ente ammayude ormadaykk'' (1901) Biography of Kallat Chiruthammal, written by DR.Ayathan Gopalan.
* M.S.Nair , Manasu enna Daivam
* C.K.Moosath, The role of Kelappan in harijan activities
* M.P.Manmadhan, Kelappan Biography
* Maharshi Vaghbhatananda Gurudevar, by Swami Brahmavrithan
* Prof. Sreedharan Menon .A. (1967). ''A Survey of Kerala History''. Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society [Sales Dept.]; National Book Stall.
* Prof.Sreedharamenon .A. (1987) ''Kerala History and its Makers'', Kottayam; National bookstall
* [[K. K. N. Kurup|Kurup, K. K. N.]] (1988), ''Modern Kerala: Studies in Social and Agrarian Relations'', Mittal Publications, {{ISBN|9788170990949}}
* [[Vagbhatananda#CITEREFKurup1988|Kurup (1988)]], p. 94
* Mithavadi paper (1917)
* [[K. K. N. Kurup|Kurup, K. K. N.]] (September 1988). "Peasantry and the Anti-Imperialist Struggles in Kerala". ''Social Scientist''. '''16''' (9): 35–45. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.2307/3517171. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]] 3517171.
* Biography of Brahmanada Sivayogi written by K Bheeman Nair ''Asathyathil ninnu sathyathilekku''(അസത്യത്തിൽ നിന്ന് സത്യത്തിലേക്ക് )
* ''Biography of Brahmananda Swami Sivayogy'' by A K Nair
* ''Brahmananda Swami Sivayogi'' by Pavana
* ''Journal of Indian history'', University of Kerela Press, 2001 p270

==References==
{{reflist}}

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[[Category:Madras Medical College alumni]]
[[Category:Social reformers]]
[[Category:1881 births]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian medical doctors]]
[[Category:Medical doctors from Kerala]]
[[Category:People from Thalassery]]
[[Category:Malayali people]]
[[Category:Activists from Kerala]]
[[Category:Brahmos]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian scholars]]
[[Category:1945 deaths]]

Ayyathan Janaki Ammal - Revision history

>Ayathanalok at 15:52, 17 January 2022