https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Azim-ush-ShanAzim-ush-Shan - Revision history2026-07-31T01:51:27ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Azim-ush-Shan&diff=463537&oldid=prevRepublic Bangla at 19:52, 27 February 20262026-02-27T19:52:01Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Mughal prince (1664–1712)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}<br />
{{Infobox royalty<br />
| name = Azim-ush-Shan<br />
| image = Muhammed_Azim-ush-shan.jpg<br />
| title = [[Mirza (noble)|Mirza]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Past present: Emperor's new names |url=http://dawn.com/2011/01/02/past-present-emperors-new-names/ |work=Dawn |date=1 January 2011 |quote=the title of Mirza and not Khan or Padshah, which were the titles of the Mongol rulers.}}</ref><br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = Azim-ush-Shan holding a jewelled sarpech {{circa|1710}}<br />
| birth_name = Muhammad Azim-ud-Din<br />
| succession = [[Subahdar]] of [[Bengal Subah|Bengal]]<br />
| reign = 22 September 1697 &ndash; 18 March 1712<br />
| regent = [[Aurangzeb]]<br />[[Azam Shah]]<br />[[Bahadur Shah I]]<br />
| reg-type = Monarch<br />
| predecessor = [[Ibrahim Khan II]]<br />
| successor = [[Murshid Quli Khan]]<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1664|12|15|df=yes}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Agra Fort]], [[Agra Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]]<br />
| death_date = {{death date and age|1712|03|18|1664|12|15|df=yes}}<br />
| death_place = [[Ravi River]], [[Kangra State|Kangra]], [[Mughal Empire]]<br />
| burial_place = [[Humayun's Tomb]], [[Delhi]], [[India]]<br />
| issue = {{ubl|Muhammad Karim Mirza|Humayun Bakht Mirza|Ruh-ul-Daula Mirza|Ahsanullah Mirza|[[Farrukhsiyar]]}}<br />
| full name = Sultan Azhar-ud-Din Muhammad Azim Mirza Azim-ush-Shan Bahadur<br />
| house = [[Mughal dynasty]]<br />
| father = [[Bahadur Shah I|Shah Alam I]]<br />
| mother = Amrit Kanwar<br />
| religion = [[Sunni Islam]]<br />
| dynasty = [[Timurid dynasty]]<br />
| image_size = <br />
| burial_date = <br />
| spouses = {{ubl|<br />
{{Marriage|Yash Kanwarji<br/>|1678}}{{sfn|Irvine|1921|p=144}}<br />
|{{marriage|Aisha Begum|1692|1709|end=died}}{{sfn|Irvine|1921|p=144}}<br />
|{{marriage|Gitti Ara Begum<br/>|1709}}{{sfn|Irvine|1921|p=144}}|Sahiba Niswan<ref name="che">{{cite book|first=G. S |last=Cheema|title=The Forgotten Mughals: A History of the Later Emperors of the House of Babar, 1707–1857|publisher=Manohar Publishers and Distributors|year=2002|pages=179|isbn=9788173046018}}</ref>}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Mirza Azim-ush-Shan''' (15 December 1664 – 18 March 1712) was the second son of the 8th [[Mughal emperor|Mughal Emperor]] [[Bahadur Shah I|Shah Alam I]] and his [[Rajput|Rathore Rajput]] wife Amrit Kanwar. He was the great grandson of [[Shah Jahan]] and the grandson of [[Aurangzeb]] during whose reign he was the imperial ''[[subahdar]]'' (governor) of [[Bengal Subah]] from the year 1697 to his death in 1712.<br />
<br />
==Reign==<br />
[[File:Mogul- Azim-us-Shaan - Münzkabinett, Berlin - 5548556.jpg|thumb|left|Coin of Azim-us-Shaan]]<br />
In 1697, Azim-ush-Shan was appointed the viceroy of [[Bengal Subah]], [[Bihar]] and [[Odisha]] by Emperor [[Aurangzeb]].<ref name=bpedia>{{cite book |last=Chatterjee |first=Anjali |year=2012 |chapter=Azim-us-Shan |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Azim-us-Shan |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> Shortly afterwards, he took successful military initiative against Rahim Khan. Azim gave the [[East India Company]] permission to build [[Fort William, India|Fort William]] in [[Calcutta]] (presently Kolkata) in 1696. Using [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] permission, the Dutch also built [[Dutch Bengal|Fort Gustavas]] in [[Chinsura]] and the French built Fort Orleans in [[Chandernagore]] (presently Chandannagar).<ref name=bpedia/><br />
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Azim got into conflict with [[Murshid Quli Khan]], the newly appointed [[Divan|Diwan]] of Bengal, over imperial financial control. Considering the complaint of Murshid Quli Khan, Aurangzeb ordered Azim to move to Bihar. Murshid Quli Khan later transformed his succession as a semi-independent princely state known as [[Nawab of Bengal]].<ref name=bpedia/> In 1703, he transferred the capital to Rajmahal and then again to Pataliputra (present-day [[Patna]]). He renamed [[Pataliputra]] to ''[[Azimabad]]'' after his own name.<ref name=bpedia/><br />
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In 1712, at the time of his father's death, he immediately proclaimed himself emperor but the other three princes, [[Jahandar Shah]], [[Jahan Shah (Mughal prince)|Jahan Shah]] and [[Rafi-ush-Shan]], united and waged war against Azim. In the battle, a shot from a heavy gun struck the trunk of the elephant that Azim was on, leading the elephant to run towards [[Ravi River]] and falling into [[quick sand]], which killed both the elephant and Azim.{{sfn|Irvine|1921|p=177}}<br />
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==Personal life==<br />
Azim-us-shan's first wife was a [[Kachhwaha|Kachhwaha Rajput]] princess Yash Kanwarji the last of her house to enter the imperial harem , elder daughter of Raja Kirat Singh, who was the second surviving son of [[Jai Singh I|Amir-ul-Umara Mirza Raja Jai Singh]],the [[Kachhwaha|Kachwaha]] ruler of [[Kingdom of Amber|Amber]]. She married Azim-ud-din in 1678, and was the mother of Prince Muhammad Karim Mirza born on 12 October 1679.{{sfn|Irvine|1921|p=145}} She died at Delhi on 19 February 1721, and was buried at the Qutb.{{sfn|Irvine|1921|p=144}}<br />
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His second wife was Jahanzeb Banu Begum,<ref name="mirza">{{cite book|author=Mirza Mohammad bin Rustam|title=Tarikh-i-Muhammadi – Volume II|year=1960|publisher=Syed Noor-ul-Hassan|page=89}}</ref> known as ''Sahiba Niswan'', a Kashmiri lady, and the sister of Khwajah Inayatullah entitled Shaista Khan. She was the mother of Emperor [[Farrukhsiyar]]. Upon Farrukhsiyar's accession on 11 January 1713, she occupied an eminent position in the imperial harem.<ref>{{cite book|first=G. S |last=Cheema|title=The Forgotten Mughals: A History of the Later Emperors of the House of Babar, 1707-1857|publisher=Manohar Publishers and Distributors|date=1 January 2002|pages=179|isbn=}}</ref> She died at Delhi in February 1729, having outlived her son for nearly ten years.{{sfn|Irvine|1921|p=144}}<ref name="mirza"/><br />
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His third wife was Aisha Begum, the daughter of Ruhullah Khan Yazdi, the Mir Bakhshi. She was the granddaughter Khalilullah Khan. The marriage took place on 26 June 1692.<ref>{{cite book|first=Jadunath|last=Sarkar|title=Maasir-i-Alamgiri: A History of Emperor Aurangzib-Alamgir (reign 1658-1707 AD) of Saqi Mustad Khan|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta|year=1947|pages=209|isbn=}}</ref> She was the mother of Prince Humayun Bakht Mirza, and Prince Ruh-ud-daula Mirza. Azim-ush-shan is said to have been very fond of her. On 24 May 1709, she gave birth to twins, a boy and a girl. She died at Daulatabad on 15 July 1709, and was buried there, near the tomb of Burhan ud-din.{{sfn|Irvine|1921|p=144}}<br />
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His fourth wife was Gitti Ara Begum, the daughter of Prince [[Muhammad Azam Shah]]. The marriage took place on 1 November 1709.{{sfn|Irvine|1921|p=35}} She died at Delhi on 12 June 1724 at age over forty years.{{sfn|Irvine|1921|p=144}}<br />
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==Ancestry==<br />
{{ahnentafel<br />
|collapsed=yes |align=center<br />
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;<br />
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;<br />
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;<br />
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;<br />
|1= 1. '''Azim-ush-Shan'''<br />
|2= 2. [[Bahadur Shah I|Qutb-ud-din Muhammad Bahadur Shah I, Mughal Emperor]]<br />
|3= 3. Amrit Kanwar<br />
|4= 4. [[Aurangzeb|Muhi-ud-din Muhammad Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor]]<br />
|5= 5. [[Nawab Bai|Nawab Bai Begum]]<br />
|6= 6. [[Raja]] Roop Singh of [[Kishangarh State|Kishangarh]]{{sfn|Irvine|1921|p=128}}<br />
|8= 8. [[Shah Jahan|Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Shah Jahan I, Mughal Emperor]]<br />
|9= 9. [[Mumtaz Mahal]]<br />
|10= 10. Taj-ud-Din Khan, [[Raja]] of [[Rajauri]]<ref>Charles Francis Massy, ''Chiefs and Families of Note in the Delhi, Jalandhar, Peshawar and Derajat Divisions of the Panjab'' (1890), p. 396</ref><br />
|12= 12. Bharmal Rathore of Babera<ref>Vijay Kumar Mathur, ''Marvels of Kishangarh paintings: from the collection of the National Museum, New Delhi'' (2000), p. 8</ref><br />
|24=24. [[Raja]] [[Kishan Singh of Kishangarh]]}}<br />
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==See also==<br />
* [[Azimabad]], former name of Patna, after prince Azim-ush-Shan<br />
* [[List of rulers of Bengal]]<br />
* [[History of Bihar]]<br />
* [[History of Odisha]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
{{cite book |last=Irvine |first=William |author-link=William Irvine (historian) |editor-last=Sarkar |editor-first=Jadunath |editor-link=Jadunath Sarkar |title=Later Mughals |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.14116/page/n61/mode/1up |year=1921 |volume=I |publisher=M. C. Sarkar & Sons |location=Calcutta}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Azim-Ush-Shan}}<br />
[[Category:Mughal princes]]<br />
[[Category:1664 births]]<br />
[[Category:1712 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:People executed by drowning]]<br />
[[Category:History of Patna]]<br />
[[Category:Subahdars of Bengal]]<br />
[[Category:Subahdars of Bihar]]<br />
[[Category:Subahdars of Odisha]]<br />
[[Category:Deaths by drowning in India]]<br />
[[Category:Sons of emperors]]<br />
[[Category:17th-century Mughal Empire people]]<br />
[[Category:18th-century Mughal Empire people]]</div>Republic Bangla