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{{short description|First Grand Mufti of Darul Uloom Deoband}}
{{Infobox office holder
|honorific_prefix = Mufti-e-Azam
|name = Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani
|birth_date = 1275 AH
|death_date = 1928
|death_place = [[Deoband]], [[British India]]
|alma_mater = [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]
|office1= 1st Grand Mufti of [[Darul Uloom Deoband]].
|predecessor1 = position established
|successor1 = [[Izaz Ali Amrohi]]
|termstart1 = 1890
|termend1 = 1927
|relatives = [[Usmani family of Deoband]]
|children = [[Atiqur Rahman Usmani]]
|father = [[Fazlur Rahman Usmani]]
}}
'''Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani''' (also written as '''Azizur Rahman Usmani''') (died 1928) was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar who served as first Grand Mufti of [[Darul Uloom Deoband]].<ref name="asir">{{cite book |last1=Adrawi |first1=Asir |author-link1=Asir Adrawi |title=Tazkirah Mashaheer-e-Hind: Karwan-e-Rafta |publisher=Darul Muallifeen |location=Deoband |pages=197–198 |edition=April 2016 |language=ur |chapter=Mufti Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani}}</ref> He is best known for his ''Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband''. His brother was [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]].<ref name="taqi">{{cite book |last1=Usmani |first1=Mufti Taqi |author-link1=Mufti Taqi Usmani |title=Akabir-e-Deoband Kya They |trans-title = The Great Scholars of the Deoband Islamic Seminary|publisher=Zamzam Book Depot |location=Deoband |pages=63–68 |edition=May 1995 |language=ur |chapter=Hadhrat Mufti Aziz-ul-Rahman Saheb}}</ref>

==Biography==
Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani was born in 1275 [[Hijri year|AH]] into the [[Usmani family of Deoband]]. He graduated from the [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] in 1295 AH. His teachers included [[Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi]],<ref name="tayyabqasmi">{{cite book |last1=Muhammad Tayyib |first1=Qari |author-link1=Qari Muhammad Tayyib |editor1-last=Bukhari |editor1-first=Akbar Shah |title=50 Misaali Shaksiyaat |trans-title=50 Exemplar personalities |publisher=Maktaba Faiz-ul-Qur'an |location=[[Deoband]] |page=110-113 |edition=July 1999 |language=ur}}</ref> [[Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]] and [[Muhammad Yaqub Nanautawi]].<ref name ="mahbub">{{citation|first1=Syed Mehboob |last1=Rizwi |author-link1 = Syed Mehboob Rizwi|translator = Murtaz Hussain F Quraishi|title=History of the Dar al-Ulum Deoband | volume = 2 |page=183-197}} </ref> He was an authorized disciple of Muhammad Rafi-ud-Din in [[Sufism]].<ref name="miyandeobandi1">{{cite book |last1=Deobandi |first1=Syed Muhammad Miyan |author-link1=Syed Muhammad Miyan Deobandi |title=Ulama-e-Haq awr Unke Mujahidana Karname |publisher=Faisal International |location=[[Deoband]] |isbn=81-86971-94-7 |page=181 |language=ur |chapter=Hadhrat Allama Ustadh Mawlana Aziz al-Rahman Mufti-e-Azam Darul Uloom Deoband}}</ref>

Usmani was appointed the Grand Mufti of the Darul Ifta of [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] after its inception and he headed it until 1927 after which he moved to Dabhel. His juristic rulings were compiled in twelve volumes by [[Zafeeruddin Miftahi]] and were published between 1962 and 1972 as ''Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband''. <ref name="pasemargezindah">{{cite book |author1=Nur Alam Khalil Amini |author-link1= Noor Alam Khalil Amini|title=Pas-e-Marg-e-Zindah|publisher=Idara Ilm-o-Adab|location= Deoband |pages=930–931 |language=ur}}</ref><ref name="julia">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8glaDwAAQBAJ&q=deoband+ifta&pg=PA76 |access-date=24 May 2020|title=Governing Islam: Law, Empire, and Secularism in Modern South Asia|isbn=9781107173910|last1=Stephens|first1=Julia|date=21 June 2018}}</ref> [[Muhammad Shafi Deobandi]] also compiled selected fatawa of Usmani and published them as ''Aziz al-Fatawa. <ref name="deoband">{{cite book |author1=Aftab Ghazi Qasmi |author2=Abdul Haseeb Qasmi |title=Fuzala-e-Deoband Ki Fiqhi Khidmat (Fiqhi Services of the Graduates of Deoband) |publisher=Kutub Khana Naimia |location=[[Deoband]] |pages=117–118 |edition=February 2011 |language=ur}}</ref>
According to [[Syed Mehboob Rizwi]], Usmani issued 37,561 fatawa between 1330 and 1346 AH.<ref name ="mahbub"/>

Usmani resigned from Darul Uloom Deoband along with [[Anwar Shah Kashmiri]] in 1927 and moved to [[Jamia Islamia Talimuddin]] (Dabhel) and taught ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'' there.<ref name ="mahbub"/> In Dabhel, his health deteriorated and he returned to Deoband, where he died in 1928. His funeral prayer was led by [[Sayyid Asghar Hussain Deobandi]] and he was buried in the [[Qasmi cemetery]] of Darul Uloom.<ref name="tayyabqasmi" />

Usmani issued verdicts with the title of [[Grand Mufti of India]], along with the title of Grand Mufti of Darul Uloom Deoband.<ref name="tayyabqasmi" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book |last1=Rizwi |first1=Syed Mehboob |translator=Murtaz Husain F Quraishi |author-link1=Syed Mehboob Rizwi |title= Tarikh Darul Uloom Deoband
|trans-title= History of the Dar al-Ulum Deoband |volume = 2 |publisher=[[Darul Uloom Deoband]] |location=[[Deoband]] |edition=1981}}
* {{Cite thesis|first=MOHAMMED|title=The Contribution of Deoband School to Hanafi Fiqh A Study of Its Response to Modern Issues and Challenges|date=2018|degree=Phd|publisher=Centre for Federal Studies, [[Jamia Hamdard University]]|url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/326073|last=ULLAH|pages=113–115}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-rel}}
{{succession box
| title = First Grand Mufti of Darul Uloom Deoband
| years = 1890/1892 - 1927
| before = "office established"
| after =[[Izaz Ali Amrohi]]
}}
{{s-end}}
{{Usmani family}}
[[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]]
[[Category:Hanafi fiqh scholars]]
[[Category:Deobandis]]
[[Category:Grand Muftis of India]]
[[Category:1928 deaths]]
[[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband faculty]]
[[Category:Students of Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]]
[[Category:Usmani family]]
[[Category:Jamia Islamia Talimuddin faculty]]
[[Category:Burials at Mazar-e-Qasmi]]

Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani - Revision history

UpdateBot at 06:40, 30 September 2021