>Jabberjaw at 00:26, 4 July 2021

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{{Infobox person
| name = Malhar Sadashiv "Baburaoji" Parkhe
| image = MSParkhe BirthDeathYear.jpg
| caption = M S Parkhe 1912–1997
| birth_date = 15 April 1912
| birth_place = [[Akkalkot]], India
| death_date = 13 January 1997
| death_place = [[Pune]], India
| occupation = [[Entrepreneur|Founder]], [[Parkhe Group]]
| spouse = [[Kamalabai Parkhe]]
| website = http://www.parkhe.org
| footnotes =
| children = Sudhakar Parkhe <br> Kunda Deshpande <br> Prakash Parkhe <br> Arun Parkhe
}}

'''Malhar Sadashiv (M S) "Baburaoji" Parkhe''' (15 April 1912 – 13 January 1997), was an Indian industrialist. Parkhe was known to have a good study of Vedic literature. He was known to be a strong follower of Param Sadguru Shree Gajanan Maharaj of Shivpuri, [[Akkalkot]] and believer in his teachings of [[Agnihotra]]. He was involved in the worldwide propagation of the Agnihotra way of life. Parkhe delivered lectures and wrote several books on the subject.<ref>{{Cite journal
| journal = India Who's Who
| year = 1969
| issn = 0073-6244}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book
| title = Descriptive Catalogue of Sanskrit Manuscripts
| editor-last = Dharmadhikari.
| editor-first = T. N.
| last = Maṇḍala
| first = Vaidika Saṃśodhana
| location = Poona
| publisher = Vaidika Saṃśodhana Maṇḍala }}</ref>

==Family and education==
Parkhe was born into Deshastha Brahmin family. Parkhe's father, Sadashivrao Parkhe, held the position of Chief Justice in the Indian Princely States during the [[British Raj]]. He died when Parkhe was a teenager.

Parkhe attended [[Sir Parshurambhau College]] in [[Pune]], where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree.

In 1935, Parkhe was married to Kamalabai Parkhe (Kashi Rajimwale), younger sister of Paramsadguru Shree Gajanan Maharaj of [[Akkalkot]] of [[Swami Samarth]] parampara.

==Industrialist==
Parkhe Group began in 1930 with the Bharat Envelopes Company, a cottage industry operating from Pune under the guidance of his mother Maisaheb and with the assistance of his younger brother Gopalrao.<ref>{{Cite book
| title = Growth of Indigenous Entrepreneurship Part 2 Enterprises of Dahanukar, Apte, Dandekar, Sathe, Parkhe
| first = V. S.
| last = Patvardhan
| publisher = Popular Prakashan
| year = 2005
| isbn = 978-81-7154-701-2}}</ref> The business prepared envelopes and other paper products by hand and sold them in nearby markets. The enterprise grew rapidly, becoming known as one of the most pioneering groups in India in the field of paper and pulp.<ref>{{Cite news
| newspaper = Maharashtra Times
| first = P C
| last = Shejwalkar
| url = http://origin.maharashtratimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/3104208.cms
| title = समृद्धीचा शाप
| date = 6 June 2008
| language = mr
| access-date = 7 June 2009
| archive-date = 13 July 2011
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110713025105/http://origin.maharashtratimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/3104208.cms
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite news
| newspaper = DNA Epaper Navi Mumbai
| first = Amit
| last = Srivastava
| url = http://epaper.dnaindia.com/story.aspx?id=73156&boxid=15070&ed_date=2014-11-22&ed_code=820015&ed_page=1
| title = Khopoli: Decayed in just one decade
| date = 22 November 2014
| language = mr
| access-date = 28 October 2015
| archive-date = 5 March 2016
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160305005651/http://epaper.dnaindia.com/story.aspx?id=73156&boxid=15070&ed_date=2014-11-22&ed_code=820015&ed_page=1
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>

Parkhe's first large venture was Paper & Pulp Conversions Pvt Ltd (PAPCO), a board mill started in [[Lower Parel]], [[Bombay]] in 1942. By 1947, it became a [[public limited company]] with M. S. Parkhe & Co as the managing agents, in accordance with the prevalent company laws. In 1951, PAPCO started its second unit in [[Khopoli]], Maharashtra, which made paper, and, eventually paperboards; it was the flagship company of the group. The first paper manufacturing machine installed at Khopoli was procured from Japan. PAPCO issued dividends without interruption for over next 40 years.<ref>Parkhe Udyog Samuha - The Envelope Story Year 1987</ref>

In 1960, PAPCO was the chief promoter of a novel idea conceived by some small and medium paper mills: a "mother pulp mill" manufacturing market-grade pulp, the raw material for paper-making. The '''Central Pulp Mills''' (CPM) was incorporated on 4 July 1960 and commenced full operations in 1966.<ref name="sebi.gov.in">{{Cite web
| title = Letter of Offer: JK Paper Ltd (Erstwhile CPM)
| url = http://www.sebi.gov.in/cms/sebi_data/attachdocs/1311579456851.pdf
| at = Preface, Historical notes and over entire Offer Letter}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.edelweiss.in/quotes/equity/jk-paper-ltd-5772|title=Edelweiss Financial Services, About JK Paper Ltd|website=Edelweiss|language=en|access-date=2019-11-22}}</ref>
Many pioneering efforts like the PAPCO machinery division, Parkhe Consultants (a full-service paper industry consultancy),<ref>{{Cite book
| title = Documents on North-East India: An Exhaustive Survey
| author = Suresh K Sharma, Usha Sharma
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ARMqHVWHFeAC&q=%22Parkhe+Consultants%22&pg=PA374| isbn = 9788183240918
| year = 2006
}}</ref><ref>
{{Cite book
| title = Directory of Foreign Collaborations in India, Volume 2, Page 243
| publisher = Indiana Overseas Publications, 1969 - Corporations, Foreign
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=5gYjAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Parkhe+Consultants%22| year = 1969
}}</ref><ref>
{{Cite book
| title = IPPTA: Quarterly Journal of Indian Pulp & Paper Technical Association, Volume 23, Page 8
| publisher = Indian Pulp & Paper Technical Association, 1986 - Paper industry
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=TncqAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Parkhe+Consultants%22| year = 1986
}}</ref>
and Parkhe Research Institute (provided research and development support to the paper and pulp Industry)<ref>{{cite conference
|title=Appropriate technologies for pulping and paper making of unconventional raw materials in India
|conference=Tappi Pulping Conference, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
|first1=A.Y.
|last1=Kulkarni
|first2=P.M.
|last2=Parkhe
|journal=Proceedings of the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry ; Pulping Conference : Also: Tappi Pulping Conference
|year=1990
|issn=0275-0899
|volume=1
|pages=313–320
|accessdate=13 September 2010
|publisher=TAPPI
|url=http://www.tappi.org/Bookstore/Technical-Papers/Conference-Papers/1990/PULP90/Appropriate-Technologies-for-Pulping-and-Paper-Making-of-Unconventional-Raw-Materials-in-India-1990.aspx
|url-status=dead
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717202233/http://www.tappi.org/Bookstore/Technical-Papers/Conference-Papers/1990/PULP90/Appropriate-Technologies-for-Pulping-and-Paper-Making-of-Unconventional-Raw-Materials-in-India-1990.aspx
|archivedate=17 July 2011
}}</ref>
followed suit in the following three decades. Eurocote, a paper and paperboard coating unit based in [[Vapi]], Gujarat was integrated into the group in 1976. The total turnover of the Group reached over Rupees 100 crores in the mid-1980s.<ref>Parkhe Group Companies – Balance Sheets Year 1984{{Full citation needed|date=November 2012}}</ref>
[[Image:Gainiji&MSParkhe2.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Felicitation by the President of India, Gaini Zail Singh, 12 March 1987.]]

The Parkhe Group suffered major losses towards the end of the 1980s. The changing situation in the wake of government policy decisions such as Rupee devaluation, Import duty reductions on pulp and free imports, continued labour problems were some of the major factors contributing to these losses. Analysts also attribute that the floods of the Patalganga river at Khopoli on Pune-Bombay highway where the PAPCO project was located since 1953, was the fatal blow for the business.
<ref>{{Cite book
|title = Development of entrepreneurship in Western India Maharashtra in British Rule 1850 1947, Chapter 6 (Thesis)
|author = Manjusha Arjun Musmade
|url = http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/3226,http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/3226/12/12_chapter%204.pdf
}}{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
This ultimately resulted in a financial crunch which engulfed the entire group. This was the state of many industries in Maharashtra during that time,<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Maharashtra Industrial / Labor Situation 1980–1990
| url = http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6664/is_199703/ai_n26589098/}}{{Dead link|date=September 2010}}</ref>
such as similar cases in the textile mills closure crisis if Mumbai.<ref name="mills and doom">{{Cite news
|title=Mills and doom
|newspaper=The Indian Express
|date=13 August 1997
|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/old/ie/daily/19970813/22550313.html
|last=Marpakwar
|first=Prafulla
|publisher=Indian Express Newspapers
|location=Bombay
}}{{dead link|date=January 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
Although some of the old ventures of the Parkhe Group, like PAPCO, could not be revived from the crises, the largest unit, Central Pulp Mills, was transferred to Delhi-based JK Singhania Group in 1992 and is now flourishing under a new identity of JK Paper.<ref name="sebi.gov.in"/>

==Social institutions==
Parkhe's memoirs and writings talk about the spirit of "Social Indebtedness"; with this belief, the Parkhe Group established social and charitable trusts. The trusts focus on assisting poor and needy people in society.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Maharashtra State Marathi Vishwakosh Mandal, Govt. Of Maharashtra - List of different Social Foundations by large industrial houses in Maharashtra
| url = http://marathivishwakosh.maharashtra.gov.in/khandas/khand10/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9313&Itemid=2&limitstart=3
| archive-url = https://archive.today/20150209170135/http://marathivishwakosh.maharashtra.gov.in/khandas/khand10/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9313&Itemid=2&limitstart=3
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 2015-02-09
}}</ref>

==Propagation of ''Agnihotra'' and Vedic culture==
''[[Agnihotra]]'' is an ancient Vedic fire ritual that was resuscitated by Param Sadguru Shree Gajanan Maharaj of Akkalkot and prescribed for the well-being of entire humankind and nature.

Parkhe was an ardent follower of Shree, and has written books and papers,<ref>{{Cite journal
|title = A fundamental approach towards health and happiness
|first = M. S.
|last = Parkhe
|journal = Chikitsa
|volume = I
|issue = 1–16
|year = 1979
|url = http://indianmedicine.eldoc.ub.rug.nl/root/P/85952/?pFullItemRecord=ON
|access-date = 9 June 2009
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090709080408/http://indianmedicine.eldoc.ub.rug.nl/root/P/85952/?pFullItemRecord=ON
|archive-date = 9 July 2009
|url-status = dead}}</ref>
delivered lectures, and traveled worldwide propagating ''Agnihotra'' and research on remnants of ancient fire worship in different civilisations.

He was closely associated with the trusts and initiatives in Akkalkot and Shivpuri Ashram. At Shree's instruction, he built Lord Parshuram and Agni Mandir's in his industrial complexes in Khopoli<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.gagangiri.org/otherplaces.html | title=Mahayogi Gagangiri}}</ref> and [[Songadh]].
He presided the Mahasomayag Committee, and made a pivotal contribution during the
''Ekamevadvitiya Mahasomayag'' of Shivpuri, Akkalkot in 1969. This was considered to be a landmark event: after many years, a ''Mahasomayag'' was conducted exactly as prescribed by the Vedas, without any animal sacrifice—not even symbolic oblations—in a totally non-violent and pious manner.<ref>{{Cite news
| title = Despedida da Choma Sagrada em Mapuca
|trans-title=Farewell from Choma in the Holy Mapuca
| newspaper = El Heraldo
| language =es
| date = 25 January 1968}}</ref>

==Books and writings==
Parkhe was an avid reader, writer, and orator. He wrote several books and papers on diverse subjects including industry,<ref>{{cite conference
|conference = UN/FAO, Bangkok
|title = Economic aspects of paper manufacture on a small scale
|first1 = M. S.
|last1 = Parkhe
|first2 = A. R.
|last2 = Bhat
|year = 1962
|volume = 2
|publisher = Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
|pages = 571–573
|accessdate = 13 September 2010
|url = http://www4.fao.org/cgi-bin/faobib.exe?rec_id=055331&database=faobib&search_type=link&table=mona&back_path=/faobib/mona&lang=eng&format_name=EFMON
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111002181016/http://www4.fao.org/cgi-bin/faobib.exe?rec_id=055331&database=faobib&search_type=link&table=mona&back_path=%2Ffaobib%2Fmona&lang=eng&format_name=EFMON
|archive-date = 2 October 2011
|url-status = dead}}</ref>
social and religious issues, Vedic literature, etc.

Listed below are some of his writings:
*Ramayashogatha Marathi/Hindi 'रामयशोगाथा' (Marathi – 1975), (Hindi: Translated – 2005) – Epic-Book on the life of Vishnu Avatar, Lord Parashuram. 21 years of research was undertaken to complete this book<ref>{{Cite book
| title = Bhagawan Parashuram and Evolution of Culture in North-East India
| author = Swami Bangovinda Parampanthi
| at = Reference List
| isbn = 978-81-7035-033-0
| publisher = Daya
| location = Delhi
| year = 1987}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web
| title = Loksatta – Lokmudra. Article Mr. G. G Nerurkar
| date = 8 June 2003
| url = http://www.loksatta.com/daily/20030611/lmlekh.htm
| access-date = 7 June 2009
| archive-date = 9 July 2009
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090709091104/http://www.loksatta.com/daily/20030611/lmlekh.htm
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>
*Rajrajeshwar Parshuram (Marathi) – Book on Vishnu Avatar, Lord Parashuram.
*The Universal Faith (English) – Importance of Fire Worship in all the world religions and civilisations. Popularly acclaimed in Western countries.<ref>{{Cite book
| at = Reference Section
| url = https://archive.org/stream/bharatiyasamprad014593mbp/bharatiyasamprad014593mbp_djvu.txt
| title = Bharatiya Sampradaya Bhumika Bhinnatvam lo Ekatvam
|trans-title=The Foundations of Indian Tradition—Unity in Diversity
| last = Prabhakara Rao
| first = M.
| publisher = Janana Prasunamalika Prachuranalu
| location = Tirupati
| year = 2000
| language =te}}</ref>
*Agnihotra: The Vedic Solution for Present-Day Problems (English).<ref>{{Cite book
| title = Agnihotra: The Vedic solution for present-day problems
| last = Parkhe
| first = M.S.
| publisher = Vaidika Samsodhana Mandala Mudranalaya
| year = 1982
|asin=B000OHRWCS }}</ref> Popularly acclaimed in Western countries as a resource on Agnihotra.
*Agniupasana (Marathi)
*Jeevanachi Vatchal (Marathi) – His Biographical Sketch, more from the Spiritual dimension.
*Kahani Eka Udyojakachi, Utkarshachi aani Upakarshachi (Marathi) – Biographical Sketch.

Some 20 small booklets on diverse subjects or excerpts from his speeches are unpublished or in private circulation. In 2005, his personal library was donated to Shivpuri Ashram in Akkalkot in accordance with his desire. It is used for research purposes by the ''ashram'' and ''Agnihotra'' followers worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Letter of Offer: JK Paper Ltd (Erstwhile CPM)
| url = http://www.parkhe.org/founders.html#ourfounder
| at = Literary Contribution}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Parashurama]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*Parkhe Group Site [http://www.parkhe.org]
*MCCIA Past Presidents – M.S. alias Baburaoji Parkhe (1969–1972)[https://web.archive.org/web/20121009005008/http://www.mcciapune.com/past-president.aspx]
*Param Sadguru Shree Gajanan Maharaj Website [http://param-sadguru-shree-gajanan-maharaj.com]

==Bibliography==
*{{Cite book
| title = Growth of Indigenous Entrepreneurship, Part 2: Enterprises of Dahanukar, Apte, Dandekar, Sathe, Parkhe
| first = V. S.
| last = Patvardhan
| isbn = 978-81-7154-701-2
| publisher = Popular Prakashan
| date = 15 January 2005 }}
*{{Cite conference
|title=Appropriate technologies for pulping and paper making of unconventional raw materials in India
|conference=Tappi Pulping Conference, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
|first1=A.Y.
|last1=Kulkarni
|first2=P.M.
|last2=Parkhe
|journal=Proceedings of the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry ; Pulping Conference : Also: Tappi Pulping Conference
|year=1990
|issn=0275-0899
|volume=1
|pages=313–320
|accessdate=13 September 2010
|publisher=TAPPI
|url=http://www.tappi.org/Bookstore/Technical-Papers/Conference-Papers/1990/PULP90/Appropriate-Technologies-for-Pulping-and-Paper-Making-of-Unconventional-Raw-Materials-in-India-1990.aspx
|url-status=dead
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717202233/http://www.tappi.org/Bookstore/Technical-Papers/Conference-Papers/1990/PULP90/Appropriate-Technologies-for-Pulping-and-Paper-Making-of-Unconventional-Raw-Materials-in-India-1990.aspx
|archivedate=17 July 2011
}}
*{{Cite book
| title = Agnihotra: The Vedic solution for present-day problems
| last = Parkhe
| first = M.S.
| publisher = Vaidika Samsodhana Mandala Mudranalaya
| year = 1982
|asin=B000OHRWCS }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Parkhe, Baburaoji}}
[[Category:1912 births]]
[[Category:1997 deaths]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Pune]]
[[Category:Marathi people]]

Baburaoji Parkhe - Revision history

>Jabberjaw at 00:26, 4 July 2021