>Satdeep Gill at 10:58, 19 May 2021

2021-05-19T10:58:29Z

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{{short description|Indian language}}
{{EngvarB|date=February 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox language
|name=Bagri
|ethnicity=[[Bagar tract#Bagri people|Bagri]]
|nativename=बागड़ी
|states=[[India]]
|region=[[Bagar tract#Bagri region|Bagar]]
|speakers= 1,890,815
|date= 2011 census
|ref= <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language_MTs.html|title=Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011|publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=7 July 2018}}</ref>
|speakers2= 2001 Census 2,081,044 speakers of Bagri Rajasthani and Punjabi Bagri.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.aspx Census India 2001]</ref>
|familycolor=Indo-European
|fam2=[[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
|fam3=[[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]
|fam4=[[Western Indo-Aryan languages|Western]]
|fam5=Rajasthani–Marwari
|fam6=[[Rajasthani language|Rajasthani]]
|minority=
|script=[[Devanagari]]
|iso3=bgq
|glotto=bagr1243
|glottorefname=Bagri
}}
[[File:WIKITONGUES- Raj speaking Bagri.webm|thumb|A Bagri speaker in [[Patiala]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]].]]
The '''Bagri language''' (बागड़ी) forms something of a [[Dialect continuum|dialect bridge]] between [[Haryanvi language|Haryanvi]], [[Rajasthani language|Rajasthani]], and
[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] and takes its name from the [[Bagar tract]] region of [[Northwestern India]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/revised_settlement_hisar.pdf |title=Revised Land and Revenue Settlement of Hisar District 9006-9011 |access-date=26 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517124050/http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/revised_settlement_hisar.pdf |archive-date=17 May 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The speakers are mostly in [[India]], with pockets in the [[Bahawalpur District|Bahawalpur]] and [[Bahawalnagar District|Bahawalnagar]] districts of the [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]] in [[Pakistan]].

Bagri is a typical [[Indo-Aryan language]] akin to [[Haryanvi]], with [[Subject–object–verb|SOV]] [[word order]]. The most striking [[phonological]] feature of Bagri is the presence of three lexical [[Tone (linguistics)|tone]]s: high, mid and low, akin to Punjabi.{{sfn|Gusain|2000|p=14}} The language has a very high (65%) lexical similarity with Haryanvi. According to the 2011 Census, there are 234,227 speakers of Bagri Rajasthani and 1,656,588 speakers of Punjabi Bagri.<ref>Census of India 2011 [https://censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/C-16_25062018_NEW.pdf]</ref>

==Features==

===Phonology===
Bagri distinguishes 31 consonants including a [[retroflex consonant|retroflex]] series, 10 vowels, 2 diphthongs and 3 tones.

===Declension===
*There are two numbers: singular and plural.
*Two genders: masculine and feminine.
*Three cases: simple, oblique, and vocative. Case marking is partly inflectional and partly postpositional.
*Nouns are declined according to their final segments.
*All pronouns are inflected for number and case but gender is distinguished only in the third person singular pronouns.
*The third person pronouns are distinguished on the proximity/remoteness dimension in each gender.
*Adjectives are of two types: either ending in /-o/ or not.
*Cardinal numbers up to ten are inflected.
*Both present and past participles function as adjectives.

===Verbs===
*There are three tenses and four moods.

===Syntax===
*Sentence types are of traditional nature.{{clarify|date=August 2012}}
*Coordination and subordination are very important in complex sentences.
*Parallel lexicon are existing and are very important from sociolinguistic point of view.{{clarify|date=August 2012}}

==Samples==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Bagri !! Transliteration !! Translation
|-
| तेरो नाम के है || ''Tero nām ke hai'' || What is your name?
|-
| किन्नै जावै है? || ''kinne jāve hai'' || Where are you going?
|-
| इन्नै आ || ''inne ā'' || Come here
|-
| क्यूकर है ? || ''kyūkara hai'' || How are you?
|-
| टींगर टीटणं नां मार || ''ṭīṅgar ṭīṭaṇ nā mār'' || Hey kid! Don't waste our time.
|-
| तन्नै कुचरणीं ही करनी है के ? || ''tannai kučaraṇīṃ hī karni hai ke'' || Do you only want to disturb things?
|-
| बातां गा पीसा लागै है. || ''bātāṃ gā pīsā lāgai'' || Talking costs money.
|-

| मुंह करै जिया बताऊ जिसों या मुंह करै बताऊ बरगो || ''Munh kara jiyā batāū jiso or Munh kara Batāū bargo'' || Your face looks like eggplant.
|-
| क्यांमी राफ चोड़ी करै है रे? || ''kyāmī rāpha čoṛī karai hai re'' || Why are you making your mouth as that of a moron?
|-
| के करे है? || ''ke kare ha'' || What are you doing?
|-
| रोल्लो है के कोई तेरै || ''rollo ha ke koī terai'' || Do you have any problem?
|-
| तू कठै गयैड़ो हो || ''too kathai gayairo ho'' || Where did you go?
|-
| कठैउं आन लाग रह्यो है? || ''kaṭhū ān lāga rahyo ha'' || Where are you coming from?
|-
| भांडा || ''bhanda'' || Utensils
|-
|घोड़ो होव जिओं || ''Ghodo hov jiya'' || Like a horse
|-
| कोजवाड़ || ''kojwād'' || Embarrassing.
|-
| ब्या मे कुन आयो || ''bayha mai kun aayo'' || Who came in the marriage?
|-
| टावरो के करो हो || ''tabaro ke karo ho'' || What are you doing kids?
|-
| परनै बलै नी || ''parne bale ni'' || Put yourself on fire aside.
|}

== Work on Bagri ==
*[[George Abraham Grierson|Grierson, G. A.]] 1908. (Reprint 1968). Linguistic Survey of India. Volume IX, Part II. New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass
*Gusain, Lakhan. 1994. Reflexives in Bagri. M.Phil. dissertation. New Delhi: Jawaharlal Nehru University
*Gusain, Lakhan. 1999. A Descriptive Grammar of Bagri. Ph.D. dissertation. New Delhi: Jawaharlal Nehru University
*Gusain, Lakhan. 2000a. Limitations of Literacy in Bagri. [[Nicholas Ostler]] & [[Blair Rudes]] (eds.). Endangered Languages and Literacy. Proceedings of the Fourth FEL Conference. University of North Carolina, Charlotte, 21–24 September 2000
*Gusain, Lakhan. 2000b. Bagri Grammar. Munich: Lincom Europa (Languages of the World/Materials, 384)
*Gusain, Lakhan. 2008. Bagri Learners' Reference Grammar. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Northside Publishers
*Wilson, J. 1883. Sirsa Settlement Report. Chandigarh: Government Press

==Gallery==
Regions where Bagri is spoken:
<gallery>
File:India - Haryana - Sirsa.svg|Bagri is the First language in [[Sirsa district]].
File:India - Haryana - Fatehabad.svg|Bagri is the First language in western [[Fatehabad district]].
File:Map rajasthan dist 7 div.png|Bagri is the First language of [[Ganganagar district]], [[Hanumangarh]] district, north-western part of [[Churu district]] and a major language in north-western part of [[Jhunjhunu]] district in [[Rajasthan]].
File:Punjab district map.png|Bagri is the major language in [[Fazilka district]] and as a minor language in southern villages of [[Muktsar district]] of Southern [[Punjab (India)]].
File:Pakistan Punjab.png|Bagri is a minor language is spoken in [[Bahawalpur]] and [[Bahawalnagar district]] of [[Punjab, Pakistan]], though not considered parts of Bagar tract.
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Rajasthani language]]
*[[List of winners of Sahitya Akademi Awards for writing in Rajasthani language]]
*[[List of Indian poets#Rajasthani|List of Rajasthani poets]]
*[[List of Indian poets#Rajasthani]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
*{{Cite thesis| last = Gusain| first = Lakhan| date = 1999| title = A Descriptive Grammar of Bagri| hdl = 10603/16847| institution = Jawaharlal Nehru University| type = PhD}}
*{{Cite book| last = Gusain| first = Lakhan| date = 2000| title = Bagri| series = Languages of the world. Materials| publisher = LINCOM Europa| location = Munich| isbn = 978-3-89586-398-1}}

== External links ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071118185411/http://www.bastigiri.org/crs/ Centre for Rajasthani Studies]

{{Indo-Aryan languages}}
{{Languages of India}}
{{Languages of Pakistan}}

[[Category:Haryanavi culture]]
[[Category:Languages of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Languages of Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Languages of Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Rajasthani languages]]
[[Category:Languages of Sindh]]

Bagri language - Revision history

>Satdeep Gill at 10:58, 19 May 2021