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{{Short description|Sultan of Gujarat from 1526 to 1535 and from 1536 to 1537}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Bahadur Shah
| succession = [[Muzaffarid dynasty of Gujarat|Sultan of Gujarat]]
| image = Sultan Bahadur fleeing from the Fort of Cambay in 1535.jpg
| caption = Sultan Bahadur fleeing from the Fort of Cambay in 1535
| reign1 = 22 August 1526<ref name="w423">{{cite web | last=Dosabhai | first=Edalji | title=A History of Gujarat | url=https://ia801400.us.archive.org/17/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.219641/2015.219641.A-History_text.pdf | access-date=9 December 2025}}</ref> – 25 April 1535<ref name="s197">{{cite web | last=Patil | first=Amruta | title=Indian Administrative Service | website=Prepp | date=6 March 2024 | url=https://prepp.in/news/e-492-early-activities-of-humayun-and-the-tussle-with-bahadur-shah-medieval-indian-history-notes | access-date=4 July 2024}}</ref>
| reign2 = 1536 – 13 February 1537
| coronation =
| full name = Qutb-ud-Din Bahadur Shah
| predecessor1 = Mahmud Shah II
| successor1 = [[Hindál Mírza]] (as [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] Governor of Gujarat)
| predecessor2 = [[Hindál Mírza]]
| successor2 = Miran Muhammad Shah I (died before coronation) <br> [[Mahmud Shah III of Gujarat|Mahmud Shah III]]
| succession3 = [[List of kings of Malwa|Sultan of Malwa]]
| predecessor3 = Mahmud Khilji II
| successor3 = Hindal Mirza (as Mughal Governor of Gujarat)
| reign3 = 28 March 1531 – 25 April 1535
| predecessor4 = Hindal Mirza
| successor4 = Miran Muhammad Shah I (died before coronation) <br> Qadir Shah
| reign4 = 1536 – 13 February 1537
| spouse =
| issue =
| royal house =
| dynasty = [[Muzaffarid dynasty of Gujarat|Muzaffarid]]
| father = [[Muzaffar Shah II]]
| mother =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date = 13 February 1537
| death_place = On board ship, near [[Diu Island|Diu]], [[Arabian Sea]]
| burial_date =
| burial_place =
| religion = [[Sunni Islam]]
}}

'''Qutb-ud-Din Bahadur Shah''' (born '''Bahadur Khan'''; died 13 February 1537) was a [[sultan]] of the [[Muzaffarids (Gujarat)|Muzaffarid dynasty]] who reigned over the [[Gujarat Sultanate]], a late medieval kingdom in [[India]] from 1526 to 1535 and again from 1536 to 1537.<ref name="ref85cahal">{{Citation | title=State and locality in Mughal India: power relations in western India, c. 1572–1730, Volume 61 of University of Cambridge oriental publications | author=Farhat Hasan | publisher=Cambridge University Press, 2004 | isbn=978-0-521-84119-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4TbxNT70UPEC | quote=''... Bahadur Shah was the son of Muzaffar Shah (1511-26), an important ruler of the Gujarat Sultanate ... In 1526, when Bahadur Shah formally ascended the throne of Gujarat ...'' | date=2004-11-11 | access-date=2016-10-10 | archive-date=2023-08-17 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230817154536/https://books.google.com/books?id=4TbxNT70UPEC | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=114–115}}</ref> He also ruled over the [[Malwa Sultanate]] after conquering it in 1531. He ascended to the throne after competing with his brothers. He expanded his kingdom and made expeditions to help neighbouring kingdoms. In 1532, Gujarat came under attack of the [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Humayun]] and fell. Bahadur Shah regained the kingdom in 1536 but he was killed by the Portuguese on board a ship when making a deal with them.

The army of Bahadur Shah included the [[Koli people|Koli]] [[tribe]] and Abyssinians.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Roy |first=Kaushik |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GpNECgAAQBAJ&dq=Babur+Koli&pg=PT62 |title=Military Manpower, Armies and Warfare in South Asia |date=2015-10-06 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1-317-32127-9 |location=New Delhi, India, Asia |language=en |access-date=2022-10-18 |archive-date=2023-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703040426/https://books.google.com/books?id=GpNECgAAQBAJ&dq=Babur+Koli&pg=PT62 |url-status=live }}</ref> The Kolis of Gujarat attacked [[Humayun]] in the help of Bahadur Shah at the [[Gulf of Khambhat|Gulf]] of [[Khambhat]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Behera |first=Maguni Charan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rVS9DwAAQBAJ&dq=Bahadur+Shah+Gujarat+Koli&pg=PA45 |title=Tribal Studies in India: Perspectives of History, Archaeology and Culture |date=2019-11-09 |publisher=[[Springer Nature]] |isbn=978-981-329-026-6 |location=New Delhi, India, Asia |pages=45 |language=en |access-date=2022-10-18 |archive-date=2023-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703040424/https://books.google.com/books?id=rVS9DwAAQBAJ&dq=Bahadur+Shah+Gujarat+Koli&pg=PA45 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Early years and origin==
Bahadur Shah was born in the [[Muzaffarids (Gujarat)|Muzaffarid dynasty]], which ruled over Gujarat. The origins of the dynasty lied in south [[Punjab]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Subrahmanyam |first=Sanjay |author-link=Sanjay Subrahmanyam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o5nsEAAAQBAJ&dq=gujarat+Sultanate+punjabi&pg=PT60 |title=Across the Green Sea: Histories from the Western Indian Ocean, 1440-1640 |date=2024 |publisher=University of Texas Press |isbn=978-1-4773-2879-8 |language=en |quote=The latter sultanate was founded by a former Tughluq governor, perhaps from a family of Punjabi Khatri converts, who took the title Muzaffar Shah in the early fifteenth century but reigned for only a short time.}}<br />{{Cite book |last=Wink |first=André |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nyYslywJUE8C&q=gujarat+sultanate+tank+khatri&pg=PA143 |title=Indo-Islamic society: 14th - 15th centuries |date=2003 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-13561-1 |pages=143 |language=en |quote=Similarly, Zaffar Khan Muzaffar, the first independent ruler of Gujarat was not a foreign Muslim, but a Khatri convert, of a low subdivision called the Tank, originally from southern Pànjab}}</ref>

Bahadur Shah's father was [[Muzaffar Shah II|Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah II]], who had ascended to the throne of the Gujarat Sultanate in 1511.<ref name="ref85cahal"/> Muzaffar Shah II nominated [[Sikandar Shah of Gujarat|Sikandar Shah]] (Bahadur Shah's elder brother) as the [[heir apparent]] to the throne. Bahadur Khan's relationship with his brother and father became tense as Sikandar Shah began to assume greater administrative control.<ref name="ref85cahal"/> Fearing for his life, Bahadur Khan fled [[Gujarat]], first seeking refuge with [[Chittor]], and then with [[Ibrahim Lodi]].<ref name="GBP">{{citation-attribution|1={{cite book |editor=James Macnabb Campbell |editor-link=James Macnabb Campbell |title=History of Gujarát |chapter-url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/54652/54652-h/54652-h.htm |series=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency |volume=I(II) |year=1896 |publisher=The Government Central Press |pages=254–257 |chapter=II. ÁHMEDÁBÁD KINGS. (A. D. 1403–1573.) |access-date=2017-06-29 |archive-date=2018-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919123131/http://www.gutenberg.org/files/54652/54652-h/54652-h.htm |url-status=live }}}}</ref> He was present at the [[Battle of Panipat (1526)|Battle of Panipat]], though he did not take part in fighting.

After death of Muzaffar Shah II in 1526, Sikandar Sháh succeeded. After few weeks in power, he was murdered on the instructions of his slave Imád-ul-Mulk Khush Kadam, who seated an infant brother of Sikandar's, named Násir Khán, on the throne with the title of [[Mahmud Shah II of Gujarat|Mahmud Shah II]] and governed on his behalf. Three other princes were poisoned. The only event of Sikandar's reign was the destruction of an army sent against his brother Latíf Khán who was helped by Rána Bhím of Munga (now Chhota Udaipur). When Bahadur Khan received the news of the death of his father, he returned to Gujarat. The nobles deserted Imád-ul-Mulk's cause, and prince Báhádur Khán, was joined by many supporters prominent among whom was Táj Khán, proprietor of [[Dhandhuka]]. Bahádur marched at once on Chámpáner, captured and executed Imád-ul-Mulk and poisoning Násir Khán ascended the throne in 1527 with the title of Bahádur Sháh.<ref name="GBP"/><ref name=majumdar>Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2007). ''The Mughul Empire'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, {{Listed Invalid ISBN|81-7276-407-1}}, pp.391-8</ref>

His brother Latíf Khán, aided by Rája Bhím of the Kohistan or hill land of Pál (Pal-Dadhvav, near Bhuloda, Gujarat), now asserted his claim to the throne. He was defeated, and fell wounded into the hands of the Gujarát army and died of his wounds and was buried at [[Halol]]. Rája Bhím was slain. As Bhím's successor Ráisingh plundered [[Dahod]], a large force was sent against him, commanded by Táj Khán, who laid waste Ráisingh's country and dismantled his forts.<ref name="GBP"/> Only one of his brother, Chand Khan survived, as he had refuge at the [[Malwa Sultanate|Malwa]] court and the Sultan [[Mahmud Shah II of Malwa|Mahmud Shah II]] of Malwa refused to surrender him.<ref name=majumdar/>

==Reign==

During his reign, Gujarat was under pressure from the expanding [[Mughal Empire]] under emperors [[Babur]] (died 1530) and [[Humayun]] (1530–1540), and from the [[Portugal|Portuguese]], who were establishing fortified settlements on the Gujarat coast to expand their power in India from their base in [[Goa]].

===Expansion of Sultanate===
{{Main article|Siege of Chittorgarh (1535)}}
[[File:Coin of Bahadur Shah of Gujarat.jpg|thumb|Copper coin of Bahadur Shah]]
Bahádur Sháh visited Cambay, and found that Malik Is-hák (the governor of Sorath and son of [[Malik Ayyaz]]), had, in the interests of the Portuguese, attempted to seize [[Diu Island|Diu]] but had been repulsed by the Gujarát admiral Mahmúd Áka. The Sultán entrusted Diu to Kiwám-ul-Mulk and Junágaḍh to Mujáhid Khán Bhíkan and returned to Áhmedábád. In 1527 he enforced tribute from Ídar and the neighbouring country. During one of his numerous expeditions he went to hunt in Nándod and received the homage of the Rája.<ref name="GBP"/>

As the Portuguese were endeavouring to establish themselves on the coast of Sorath, and, if possible, to obtain Diu, the king was constantly at [[Cambay]] (now [[Khambhat]]), Diu and [[Ghogha]] to frustrate their attempts, and he now directed the construction of the fortress of [[Bharuch]]. At this time Muhammad Khán, ruler of Asír and Burhánpur (both of [[Khandesh Sultanate|Khandesh]]), requested Bahádur's aid on behalf of [[Aladdin Imad Shah|Imád-ul-Mulk]], ruler of [[Berar Sultanate|Berar]]. Bahádur Sháh started at once and at Nandurbár was joined by Muhammad Khán Asíri, and thence proceeded to Burhánpur, where he was met by Imád Sháh from Gávalgad. After certain successes he made peace between [[Burhan Nizam Shah I]] and Imád Sháh Gávali, and returned to Gujarát.<ref name="GBP"/>

Jám Fírúz the ruler of [[Thatta]] in [[Sindh]] now sought refuge with Bahádur Sháh from the oppression either of the Ghoris or of the Mughals and was hospitably received. In 1528 Bahádur made an expedition into the Deccan which ended in a battle at [[Daulatabad, Maharashtra|Daulatabad]]. Later he was forced to retire because of the stiff resistance put up by the Ahmadnagar army. Next year (1529) at the request of Jaâfar or Khizr Khán, son of Imád Sháh Gávali, who was sent to Gujarát to solicit Bahádur's help, he again marched for the Deccan. As he passed through Muler Biharji the Rája of Báglán gave him his daughter in marriage and in return received the title of Bahr Khán. From [[Baglan Kingdom|Báglán]] Bahr Khán was told off to ravage [[Chaul]] which by this time had fallen into the hands of the Portuguese. Bahádur himself advanced to [[Ahmednagar]], took the fort and destroyed many of the buildings. [[Purandar fort|Purandhar]] also was sacked of its stores of gold. From Ahmednagar, Bahádur Sháh passed to Burhánpur, and there his general Kaisar Khán gained a victory over the united forces of Nizám Sháh, Malik Beríd, and Ain-ul-Mulk. Finally, both the rulers of the [[Ahmednagar Sultanate|Ahmadnagar]] and [[Berar Sultanate|Berar]] were forced to sign a humiliating treaty. Bahádur returned to Gujarát and for some time refrained from interfering in the affairs of the Deccan.<ref name="GBP"/><ref name=majumdar/>

Between 1526 and 1530, certain Turks under one Mústafa came to Gujarát, traders according to one account according to another part of a Turkish fleet expected to act against the Portuguese. Diu was assigned them as a place of residence and the command of the island was granted to Malik Túghán, son of Malik Ayyáz, the former governor.<ref name="GBP"/>

Bahadur Shah had sent a delegation headed by ‘Abd al-‘Aziz Asaf Khan to [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1530s.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Alam|first1=Muzaffar|last2=Subrahmanyam|first2=Sanjay|title=A View from Mecca: Notes on Gujarat, the Red Sea, and the Ottomans, 1517–39/923–946 H.*|journal=Modern Asian Studies|date=March 2017|volume=51|issue=2|pages=268–318|doi=10.1017/s0026749x16000172|s2cid=152069507 |issn=0026-749X}}</ref>

In 1530 the king marched to [[Nagaur|Nágor]], and gave an audience both to Prithviraj of [[Dungarpur]] and to the ambassadors from Rána [[Ratan Singh II|Ratansi]] of [[Chittor]]. The Rána's ambassadors complained of encroachments on Chittor by Mahmúd Shah II of [[Malwa Sultanate]]. Mahmúd promised to appear before Bahádur to explain the alleged encroachments. Bahádur waited. At last, as Mahmúd failed to attend, Bahádur said he would go and meet Mahmúd. He invested Mándu and received with favour certain deserters from Mahmúd's army. The fortress at [[Mandu, Madhya Pradesh|Mandu]] fell and Sultán Mahmúd and his seven sons were captured without any resistance on 28 March 1531. Malwa was annexed into Bahadur's kingdom.<ref name="GBP"/><ref name=majumdar/>

After passing the rainy season at Mándu, Bahádur Sháh went to Burhánpur to visit his nephew Mirán Muhammad Sháh. At Burhánpur, Bahádur under the influence of the great priest-statesman Sháh Táhir, was reconciled with Burhán Nizám Shah I gave him the royal canopy he had taken from Málwa. Bahádur offered Sháh Táhir the post of minister. Sháh Táhir declined saying he must make a pilgrimage to [[Mecca]]. He retired to Ahmednagar and there converted Burhán Nizám Sháh to the [[Shia Islam]].<ref name="GBP"/>

In the same year, hearing that Mánsingji, Rája of [[Halvad]], had killed the commandant of [[Dasada (constituency)|Dasada]], Bahádur despatched Khán Khánán against him. [[Viramgam]] and [[Mandal, Gujarat|Mándal]] were taken over from the Jhála chieftains, and ever after formed part of the crown dominions.<ref name="GBP"/>

When Malwa's Sultán Mahmúd II and his sons were being conveyed to the fortress of [[Champaner]], Ráisingh, Rája of Pál, endeavoured to rescue them. The attempt failed, and the prisoners were put to death by their guards. In 1531, on Bahádur's return from Burhánpur to Dhár, hearing that [[Silhadi]], the chief of Raisen in east Málwa kept in captivity certain women who had belonged to the [[harem]] of Sultán Násir-ud-dín of Málwa, Bahádur marched against him and forced him to surrender and embrace Islám. The chief secretly sent to the Rána of Chitor for aid and delayed handing over Raisen. On learning this Bahádur dispatched a force to keep Chitor in check and pressed the siege. At his own request, Silhadi was sent to persuade the garrison to surrender. But their reproaches stung him so sharply, that, joining with them, they sallied forth sword in hand and were all slain. Raisen fell into Bahádur's hands, and this district together with those of [[Bhilsa]] and [[Chanderi]] were entrusted to the government of Sultán Alam Lodhi. The king now went to [[Gondwana (India)|Gondwana]] to hunt elephants, and, after capturing many, employed his army in reducing Gagraon and other minor fortresses. In 1532, he advanced against Chittor, but raised the siege on receiving an enormous ransom. Shortly afterwards his troops took the strong fort of [[Ranthambore Fort|Ranthambhore]].<ref name="GBP"/>

About this time on receipt of news that the Portuguese were usurping authority, the Sultán repaired to Diu. Before he arrived the Portuguese had taken to flight, leaving behind them an enormous gun which the Sultán ordered to be dragged to Chámpáner.<ref name="GBP"/>

===Humayun's Conquest of Gujarat===
[[File:Flight of Sultan Bahadur During Humayun's Campaign in Gujarat 1535.jpg|200px|thumb|The [[Mughal Emperor]] Humayun, fights Bahadur Shah of Gujarat, in the year 1535.]]
Before 1532 was over, Bahádur Sháh quarrelled with [[Humayun]], the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal emperor]] of Delhi. The original grounds for the quarrel was that Bahádur Sháh had sheltered Sultán Muhammad Zamán Mírza, the grandson of a daughter of the emperor [[Babur|Babar]] (1482–1530). Humáyún's anger was increased by an insolent answer from Bahadur Shah. Without considering that he had provoked a powerful enemy, Bahádur Sháh again laid siege to Chittor, and though he heard that Humáyún had arrived at [[Gwalior]], he would not desist from the siege. In March 1535 Chittor fell into the hands of the Gujarát king but near [[Mandsaur|Mandasúr]] (now [[Mandsaur district|mandsaur]]) his army was shortly afterwards routed by Humáyún. According to one account, the failure of the Gujarát army was due to Bahádur and his nobles being spell-bound by looking at a heap of salt and some cloth soaked in indigo which were mysteriously left before Bahádur's tent by an unknown elephant. The usual and probably true explanation is that Rúmi Khán the Turk, head of the Gujarát artillery, betrayed Bahádur's interest. Still though Rúmi Khán's treachery may have had a share in Bahádur's defeat it seems probable that in valour, discipline, and tactics the Gujarát army was inferior to the Mughals. Bahádur Sháh, unaccustomed to defeat, lost heart and fled to Mandu, which fortress was speedily taken by Humáyún. From Mándu the king fled to Chámpáner, and finally took refuge in Diu. [[:Commons:Category:Siege of Champaner (1535)|Chámpáner fell to Humáyún]], and the whole of Gujarát, except Sorath, came under his rule.<ref name="GBP"/>

At this time [[Sher Shah Suri]] revolted, in [[Bihar]] and [[Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh|Jaunpur]], and Humáyún returned to [[Agra]] to oppose him leaving his brother Hindál Mírza in Áhmedábád, Kásam Beg in Bharuch, and Yádgár Násir Mírza in [[Patan, Gujarat|Pátan]]. As soon as Humáyún departed, the country rose against the Mughals, and his old nobles requested the king to join them. Bahádur joined them, and, defeating the Mughals at Kaníj village near Mahmúdábád (now [[Mahemdavad]]), expelled them from Gujarát.<ref name="GBP"/>

===Engagement with the Portuguese and death===
[[File:Death of Sultan Bahadur in front of Diu against the Portuguese 1537 Akbar Nama end of 16th century.jpg|200px|thumb|upright=1.5|Death of Bahadur Shah in front of Diu during negotiations with the Portuguese, in 1537. ''Akbar Nama'', end of 16th century.]]
{{see also|Gujarati-Portuguese conflicts}}
While Bahadur was engaged in the siege of Mandu against the Mughals, a strong [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] fleet sailed from Bombay (now [[Mumbai]]), led by [[Nuno da Cunha]]. On 7 February 1531 the fleet neared Shiyal Bet island, which they captured in spite of strong resistance. On 16 February 1531 they started bombarding [[Diu, India|Diu]] but could not succeed to inflict any appreciable damage to its fortification. On 1 March 1531 Nuno da Cunha left for [[Goa]], leaving a subordinate officer, who systematically destroyed [[Mahuva, Surat|Mahuva]], [[Ghogha]], [[Valsad]], [[Mahim]], Kelva, Agashi and [[Surat]].<ref name=majumdar/>

As Gujarat fell to the Mughal Empire, Bahadur Shah was forced to court the Portuguese. On 23 December 1534 while on board the galleon ''St. Mattheus'' he signed the [[Treaty of Bassein (1534)|Treaty of Bassein]]. Based on the terms of the agreement, the [[Portuguese Empire]] gained control of the city of [[Vasai|Bassein]] (Vasai), as well as its territories, islands, and seas which included [[Daman, Daman and Diu|Daman]] and Bombay islands too. He had granted them leave to erect a factory in Diu. Instead of a factory the Portuguese built the [[Diu Fort]].{{fact|date=June 2024}}

When he recovered his kingdom, Bahadur, repenting his alliance with the Portuguese, went to Sorath to persuade an army of the Portuguese, whom he had asked to come to his assistance, to return to [[Goa]]. In February 1537, when the Portuguese arrived at Diu, five or six thousand strong, the sultan hoping to get rid of them by stratagem, went to Diu and endeavored to get the viceroy into his power. The viceroy excused himself, and in return invited the king to visit his ship anchored off the coast of Gujarat. Bahadur agreed, and on his way back{{vague|date=July 2022}} was attacked and killed by the Portuguese; his body was dumped into the [[Arabian Sea]].<ref name="GBP"/><ref name="Percival 14">{{Cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-08AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA14 |title=''The Cambridge history of the British Empire, Volume 2'' by Arthur Percival Newton p.14 |access-date=2016-10-10 |archive-date=2023-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230817154536/https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-08AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA14 |url-status=live |last1=Benians |first1=Ernest Alfred |last2=Newton |first2=Arthur Percival |last3=Rose |first3=John Holland |date=1940 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=India |author= Sarina Singh|year= 2003|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=1-74059-421-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/lonelyplanetindi00sari_2|url-access=registration |quote=Bahadur Shah of Gujarat. |page=[https://archive.org/details/lonelyplanetindi00sari_2/page/726 726]}}</ref> He was then thirty-one years old and in the eleventh year of his reign. According to the author of the ''Mirăt-i-Sikandari'' the reason for Bahádur's murder was that a message from him to the Deccan sultans, inviting them to join him in an alliance against the Portuguese, had fallen into the hands of the viceroy. Whatever may have been the provocation or the intention, both sides had treacherous designs; neither party was able to carry out its original plan. The end was unpremeditated, hurried on by mutual suspicions.<ref name="GBP"/> These events were followed by the 1538 [[Siege of Diu (1538)|Siege of Diu]] which resulted in the permanent occupation of Diu by Portuguese which lasted till 1961.{{fact|date=June 2024}}

===His Sultanate===
Up to the defeat of Sultán Bahádur by Humáyún, the power of Gujarát was at its height. Cadets of noble Rájput houses, Prithiráj, the nephew of Rána Sánga of Chitor, and Narsingh Deva the cousin of the Rája of Gwálior, were proud to enroll themselves as the Sultán's vassals. The Rája of Baglán readily gave Bahádur Sháh his daughter. Jám Fírúz of Thatta in Sindh and the sons of Bahlúl Lodhi were suppliants at his court. Málwa was a dependency of Gujarát and the Nizám Sháhis of Ahmednagar and Nasírkhan of Burhánpur acknowledged him as overlord, while the Fárúkis of Khándesh were dependent on Bahádur's constant help.<ref name="GBP"/>

He built the [[tomb of Sikandar Shah|mausoleum]] at [[Halol]] in honour of his brothers and predecessors, Sikandar Shah and Mahmud Shah II.
[[File:Tomb of Sikander Shah 02.jpg|thumb|300px|Tomb of Sikandar Shah of Gujarat]]

He was a great patron of the [[Hindustani Classical]] music and its artists, including [[Baiju Bawra]].

==Succession==
Bahadur had no son, hence there was some uncertainty regarding succession after his death. [[Muhammad Zaman Mirza]], the fugitive Mughal prince made his claim on the ground that Bahadur's mother adopted him as her son. The nobles selected Bahadur's nephew [[Faruqi dynasty#Miran Muhammad Shah I|Miran Muhammad Shah]] of Khandesh as his successor, but he died on his way to Gujarat. Finally, the nobles selected Mahmud Khan, the son of Bahadur's brother Latif Khan as his successor and he ascended to the throne as [[Mahmud Shah III of Gujarat|Mahmud Shah III]] on 10 May 1538.<ref name=majumdar/><ref name=GBP/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:1537 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Gujarat sultans]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian monarchs]]

Bahadur Shah of Gujarat - Revision history

Svetlsgx at 02:44, 20 March 2026