>Bikauwa99 at 12:01, 3 July 2021

2021-07-03T12:01:22Z

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{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2013}}
[[File:E236.jpg|thumb|225px|right| Singh Darwaza at Chanmpanagar Deorhi]][[File:Navaratan Palace in Champanagar.jpg|225px|right|thumb| Navaratan Palace at Chanmpanagar]]

'''Banaili''' also known as '''Garhbanaili''' was a [[zamindar]]i estate based in the Indian state of [[Bihar]]. They were considered one of the ruling dynasties of the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila]] region.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jCQaAAAAIAAJ&q=banaili+mithila&dq=banaili+mithila&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjxp72IgJ3TAhUMAsAKHaKMAYoQ6AEIHjAB | title=Some Aspects of Social Life of Medieval Mithila, 1350-1750 A.D.: With a Special Reference to Contemporary Literatures | accessdate=11 April 2017 | page=74}}</ref>
Rulers and holders of this estate were [[Maithil Brahmin]].

The name of the estate derives from a village Banaili<ref>{{cite web|url=http://discoverbihar.bih.nic.in/pages/pur_place.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2008-10-06 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410063320/http://discoverbihar.bih.nic.in/pages/pur_place.htm |archivedate=10 April 2009 }} </ref> in the then [[Purnia]] district of [[Bihar]].

The main centres of residences of Rajas of Banaili are Banaili, Ramnagar, Champanagar, Srinagar, Garh Banaili, and [[Sultanganj]]. [[Bhagalpur]] was the centre from where administration of the estate was carried out.

[[File:Krisnagarh Palace at Sultanganj.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Krishnagarh Palace at Sultanganj]]

One of the centres of Banaili Raj located in Sultanganj is believed to have ancient historical or mythical association. The [[Krishnagarh Palace]] built by Kumar Krishnanand Singh on [[Sultanganj]] is in the Karnagarh area, which is believed to be place where the Castle of King Karna of Mahabharata was located.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bihar/sultanganj/page2.htm |title=Temples And Legends Of Bihar - Sultanganj (Page 2) |website=Hindubooks.org |accessdate=2017-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923181645/http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bihar/sultanganj/page2.htm |archive-date=23 September 2008 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

==Raja Bahadur Dular Singh Chowdhry==
Though the roots of the family can be traced to 11th-12th centuries as done ably by Girijanand Sinha in his book, ''Banaili - Roots to Raj'', the family achieved its famed eminence only in the 19th century during the reign of Raja Bahadur Dular Singh Chowdhry. It was Raja Dular Singh who fixed the family residence at Banaili and gave the family its current name. He was an enterprising Raja and added to the family's wealth using the opportunities afforded by the [[Permanent Settlement]] implemented by Lord [[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis]] in the then state of [[Bengal]]. He received the title of [[Raja Bahadur]] from the British Government for his services during the [[Anglo-Nepalese War]]. Raja Dular Singh died in 1821.

==Raja Bahadur Kalanand Sinha==
[[File:Kala Bhawan in Garhbanaili.jpg|500px|right|thumb|Kala Bhawan in Garh Banaili]]
Raja Kalanand Singh is listed in the official directory of the Coronation Durbar of 1911 as one of those attending the ceremonies.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/coronationdurbar030742mbp/coronationdurbar030742mbp_djvu.txt |title=Full text of "Coronation Durbar Delhi 1911" |website=Archive.org |date= |accessdate=2017-04-11}}</ref>

==Raja Bahadur Kirtyanand Sinha==
[[File:Raja Bahadur Kirtyanand Sinha.JPG|left|Raja Bahadur Kirtyanand Sinha]]
[[File:Dorhi.jpg|400px|right|thumb|Navaratan Palace and New Palace at Chanmpanagar]]

The more prominent and better educated son of Raja Lilanand Singh was [[Raja Bahadur Kirtyanand Sinha]]. He was a [[Bachelor of Arts]] from [[Allahabad University]], and was famous for his many pursuits - [[Hunting#Shikar (India)|shikaar]] (hunting), [[Polo]] - as well for the role he played in the contemporary public life. He wrote three books - Purnea, a Shikarland; Shikar in Hills and Jungles; and Homeopathic Practice.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/search-handle-url/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&search-type=ss&index=books&field-author=Kirtyanand%20Sinha |title=Kirtyanand Sinha |website=Amazon.com |date= |accessdate=2017-04-11}}</ref>

He and his brother made a contribution to the establishment of T.N.B College in [[Bhagalpur]] which was in need of funds having been established in 1880s. The Raja made a contribution of "60 acres of land and 600,000 of rupees in Cash for the construction of building and other developmental work".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tnbcollege.org/collegehistory.aspx |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-10-22 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005080831/http://www.tnbcollege.org/collegehistory.aspx |archivedate=5 October 2011 }}</ref> For this contribution and other acts of charity, he was awarded the title of "''Raja''" in June 1914.
On 9 July 1917, he was appointed as a government nominee to the [[Champaran]] Agrarian Committee which had been set up to resolve the issue of indigo planters in Champaran following the [[Champaran Satyagraha]] by [[Mahatma Gandhi]].<ref>[[s:Chronology of Mahatma Gandhi's life/India 1917]]</ref> In this committee, he worked with [[Mahatma Gandhi]], and for his work in the Committee he was awarded the title of "''Raja Bahadur''" in 1919.

On the request and appeal made by Sri Braj Mohan Thakur, Raja Bahadur Krityanand Singh along with Raja Tank Nath Choudhary created separately a chair of [[Maithili language|Maithili]] in [[Calcutta University]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bmtlawcollege.org/about1.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2008-10-18 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081227115425/http://www.bmtlawcollege.org/about1.html |archivedate=27 December 2008 }}</ref> This went a long way in advancing [[Maithili language|maithili]] as a language.

[[File:Navaratan Today.JPG|400px|right|thumb|Front View of Navaratan Palace at Chanmpanagar]]

He was one of the founders of the Bank of Bihar, which later merged with The [[State Bank of India]]. He was also an active Founder-member of Bihar State Cooperative Bank Limited.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://biharbank.bih.nic.in/ |title=Welcome to Web-Site of Bihar State Co-operative Bank Ltd |website=Biharbank.bih.nic.in |date= |accessdate=2017-04-11}}</ref> He also started a Banaili Iron and Steel Works in [[Sitarampur]] in [[Asansol]], referred to in the book on Indian Economy written by eminent historian [[Amiya Kumar Bagchi]] and also in a book ''Bihar'' published by the National Book Trust. This venture, unfortunately, as the noted historian [[Amiya Kumar Bagchi]] observes, did not survive the "[[Great Depression]]".

The Raja, along with Maharaja of [[Darbhanga]] [[Maharaja of Darbhanga#cite note-56]], hosted the first flight expedition over the [[Mount Everest]] in 1933 [[Maharaja of Darbhanga#cite note-56]]. "The Raja of Banaili, a cheery personality, who had shot over hundred tigers, offered us his fleet of motor-cars, remarking that, if possible, he would like to retain one or two of his own. He had seventeen. He seemed astonished, as if at an unusual display of moderation, when only three cars and a lorry were required." (Quoted in Everest - The Mountaineering History by Walt Unsworth from First Over Everest, The Houston-Mount Everest Expedition 1993 by [[Air Commodore]] PFM Fellowes et al.).

The Raja is credited for issuing the first official state invitation to the great maestro duo of Ustad Salamat & Nazakat Ali Khan of the [[Sham Chaurasia gharana]] in 1934. Ustad Salamat Ali Khan was then 11 years old and Nazakat Ali Khan 13 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sadarang.com/Ustad%20salamat%20ali%20khan.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-10-22 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929200851/http://www.sadarang.com/Ustad%20salamat%20ali%20khan.htm |archivedate=29 September 2011 }}</ref> They were invited to perform at the Dussehra festival in Champanagar Deorhi (Palace) and the royal host liked their rendition of Malkauns so much that he would not let them leave Champanagr.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091029232214/http://www.virsaonline.com/Articles/Articles%2004.htm] </ref> The duo stayed under the patronage of the Raja for a few months, and some believe that their Basant Bahar composition "''Des des ki thi jung dushman sab har gaye''" is in the praise of the Raja.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.esnips.com/doc/bf1be9bf-486c-4617-af9c-4bcfaeb21f1b/Salamat-Ali-Khan---Age-11---Basant-Bahar---Des-Des-Ki-Thi-Jung |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2008-10-18 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920114502/http://www.esnips.com/doc/bf1be9bf-486c-4617-af9c-4bcfaeb21f1b/Salamat-Ali-Khan---Age-11---Basant-Bahar---Des-Des-Ki-Thi-Jung |archivedate=20 September 2008 }}</ref>

[[File:Chhowni house b 500.jpg|400px|right|thumb|Chowni House in Bhagalpur]]

Another great musician, Ustad Altaf Hussain Khan of Khurja, served as a court musician in the darbar of the Raja. Ustad Altaf Hussain Khan also gave music lessons to Raja's eldest son, Rajkumar Shyamanand Sinha.<ref>[http://dilrang.dalalexports.com/altaf.html] {{dead link|date=July 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

Raja Bahadur Kirtyanand Sinha stayed in public life until his death in 1938. His place of residence remained the Champanagar Deorhi in [[Purnia]] inherited from his father. This Deorhi has remained the most enduring of the deorhis of Banaili Raj and to this day is inhabited by the descendants of the Raja.

==See also==
*[[Zamindars of Bihar]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
{{Commons category|Banaili}}
*Reference to Forest of Munger owned by Raja of Banaili<ref>{{cite web |url=http://munger.nic.in/ATMA/Munger/Forest_page.htm |title=Forest of Munger, Bihar.(Developed By - Md. Farhan) |website=Munger.nic.in |date=1976-05-27 |accessdate=2017-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410024224/http://munger.nic.in/ATMA/Munger/Forest_page.htm |archive-date=10 April 2009 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
*Another reference in All India Reporter 1926<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/download/allindiareporter032472mbp/allindiareporter032472mbp.pdf |format=PDF |title=The Book Was Drenched : Patna High Court 1926 |website=Archive.org |accessdate=2017-04-11}}</ref>
*Reference to Raja Kirtyanand Singh in the Minutes of the Champaran Committee of Gandhi<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gandhiserve.org/cwmg/VOL016.PDF |format=PDF |title=Indian Colonial Emigration |website=Gandhiserve.org |accessdate=2017-04-11}}</ref>
*Reference to a case involving Rani Prabhavati Devi in Supreme Court of India<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiankanoon.com/doc/1747883/ |title=Thakur Rudreshwari Prasad Sinha vs Srimati Rani Probhabhati And ... on 26 October, 1951 |website=Indiankanoon.com |date= |accessdate=2017-04-11}}</ref>
*Reference to famous Hindi novelist Saratchandra having worked in the Banaili estate<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050109/edit.htm |title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Opinions |website=Tribuneindia.com |date= |accessdate=2017-04-11}}</ref>
*Reference to Ustad Vishmadev Chattopadyay as a Guru of Rajkumar Shyamanand Sinha<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vishmadev.org/BC_BIO.htm |title=VISHMADEV CHATTOPADHYAY : Biography |website=Vishmadev.org |date=1909-11-08 |accessdate=2017-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080419040014/http://www.vishmadev.org/BC_BIO.htm |archive-date=19 April 2008 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

{{coord missing|Bihar}}

[[Category:Mithila]]
[[Category:Culture of Mithila]]
[[Category:Palaces in Bihar]]
[[Category:Purnia district]]
[[Category:Zamindari estates]]

Banaili - Revision history

>Bikauwa99 at 12:01, 3 July 2021