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'''Banga Arasa''' or '''Banga Raja''' is the dynastic title of a medieval ruling family of coastal [[Karnataka]], [[India]]. The word ''Banga'' is the name of a clan and a surname of the [[Bunt (community)|Bunts]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Kumar Suresh Singh|title=People of India, Volume 27, Part 1|date=2002|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=9788185938998|page=292|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fRQwAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=17 January 2018}}</ref> and the word ''Arasa'' or ''Raja'' means a ruler in the [[Tulu language]]. The dynasty followed the [[Bunt (community)|Bunt]] custom of matrilineal inheritance ([[Aliyasantana]]). The Banga Arasas claimed descent from the ancient [[Alupas]] and the rulers bore the Alupa royal title ''Pandyapparasa''.<ref name="A">{{cite book|title=The Journal of the Numismatic Society of India, Volume 27, Part 1|publisher=Numismatic Society of India|page=59|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r1oaAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=17 January 2018}}</ref> The Banga Arasas were said to have been given control of 15 sub-divisions (Magane) of Southern [[Tulu Nadu]] by the Hoysala Ballal Emperor, Vira Narasimha.<ref name="B" /> The Banga Arasas ruled from 1224 C.E until the conquest of [[South Canara]] by the British in 1799 CE. Descendants of the dynasty survive. However, the family seems to have stopped the coronation ritual after 1889 CE. Since the cessation of the coronation ritual no member of the family has borne the princely title ''Banga Arasa'' or ''Banga Raja'' instead preferring the aristocratic title [[Ballal]].<ref name="D">{{cite news|last1=B V Prakash|title=The lost glory of Bangadi|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/373665/lost-glory-bangadi.html|accessdate=17 January 2018|agency=[[Deccan Herald]]|date=Dec 10, 2013}}</ref> The dynasty patronized [[Jainism]].They also built Hindu temples as well as shrines to deities of the [[Buta Kola]] folk tradition. Ullalthi, a form of the mother goddess worshiped in the Buta Kola tradition was the tutelary deity of the dynasty.<ref name="B">{{cite book|last1=Uliyar Padmanabha Upadhyaya, Susheela Padmanabha Upadhyaya|title=Bhuta Worship: Aspects of a Ritualistic Theatre|date=1984|publisher=Regional Resources Centre for Folk Performing Arts, M.G.M. College|page=54|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0dUXAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=17 January 2018}}</ref>

==History and Chronology==

Following the decline of the [[Alupas]], the coastal districts of Karnataka which is also known as [[Tulu Nadu]] came under the sway of various local Bunt-Jain feudal families. The formation of the Banga Arasa dynasty took place around the same time. However, the Banga Arasas claimed an ancient lineage as they considered themselves to be the direct descendants of the Alupas.<ref name="A" /> The first known king of the Banga Arasa dynasty was Pandyastha Banga who was crowned by the [[Hoysala dynasty|Hoysala Ballal]] Emperor Vira Narasimha himself. The Banga Arasas were said to have subdued the Nandar dynasty of [[Nandavara]]<ref name="D" /> and took control of their territories as well. The Banga Arasas were also known to have established matrimonial relations with the neighboring [[Chowta]] royal family. Queen [[Abbakka Chowta]] was married to the Banga king Lakshmappa Arasa. The Banga Arasas were at their peak during the reign of Lakshmappa Arasa Bangaraja I (1400-1455 A.D.), who built four palaces at Bangawadi (now called Bangadi), [[Belthangady]], [[Mangalore]] and Nandavara. Due to the prevalence of the matrilineal [[Aliyasantana]] law of inheritance five women from the family also ruled. Vithala Devi (1239-1264 A.D.) is the first known queen of the dynasty. The chronology of the Banga Arasas is given in the table below.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Ruler's name
! Year of reign
|-
| Pandyastha Bangaraja
| 1224- 1239 C.E
|-
| Vithala Devi
| 1239-1264 C.E
|-
| Kamaraya I
| 1264-1274 C.E.
|-
| Padumala Devi
| 1274-1287 C.E
|-
| Havali Bangaraja I
| 1287-1323 C.E.
|-
| Shankara Devi
| 1323-1349 C.E.
|-
| Havali Bangaraja II
| 1349-1400 C.E.
|-
| Lakshmappa Arasa Bangaraja I
| 1400-1455 C.E.
|-
| Shankara Devi II
| 1455-1491 C.E.
|-
| Kamaraya II
| 1491-1533 C.E.
|-
| Havali Bangaraja III
| 1533-1545 C.E.
|-
| Lakshmappa Arasa Bangaraja II
| 1545-1556 C.E.
|-
| Kamaraya III
| 1556-1612 C.E.
|-
| Lakshmappa Arasa Bangaraja III
| 1612-1629 C.E
|-
| Havali Bangaraja IV
| 1629-1631 C.E.
|-
| Shankara Devi III
| 1631-1653 C.E.
|-
| Havali Bangaraja V
| 1653-1699 C.E.
|-
| Lakshmappa Arasa Bangaraja IV
| 1699-1767 C.E.
|-
| Kamaraya IV
| 1767-1799 A.D
|}

==See also==
*[[Alupa dynasty]]
*[[Chowta]]
*[[Ajila]]
*[[Ballal]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Indian surnames]]
[[Category:Bunt (community)]]
[[Category:Dynasties of India]]

Banga Arasa - Revision history

>JJMC89 bot III at 06:21, 22 December 2020