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{{For|the Second World War formation|27th Indian Infantry Brigade}}
{{Use British English|date=July 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = 1st Bangalore Brigade Bangalore Brigade 27th (Bangalore) Brigade
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| dates = December 1904 – November 1914 January 1917 – 1926
| country = {{flag|British India|23px}}
| allegiance = [[British Crown]]
| branch = {{army|British India|23px}}
| type = [[Infantry]]
| role =
| size = [[Brigade]]
| command_structure = [[9th (Secunderabad) Division]] [[Indian Expeditionary Force B]]
| garrison = [[Bangalore Cantonment]]
| garrison_label =
| nickname =
| patron =
| motto =
| march =
| mascot =
| anniversaries =
| equipment =
| equipment_label =
| battles=[[First World War]]
:[[East African Campaign (World War I)|East African Campaign]]
::[[Battle of Tanga]]
| decorations =
| battle_honours =
| battle_honours_label =
| disbanded =
| notable_commanders = [[Major-General (United Kingdom)|Maj.-Gen.]] [[Robert Scallon|R.I. Scallon]] Maj.-Gen. [[Thomas Pilcher|T.D. Pilcher]] [[Brigadier-General|Br.-Gen.]] [[Walter Hore-Ruthven, 10th Lord Ruthven of Freeland|Lord Ruthven]]
| identification_symbol =
| identification_symbol_label =
}}
The '''Bangalore Brigade''' was an [[infantry]] [[brigade]] of the [[British Indian Army]] formed in 1904 as a result of the [[Kitchener Reforms]]. It was mobilized as '''27th (Bangalore) Brigade''' at the outbreak of the [[First World War]]. As part of [[Indian Expeditionary Force B]], it was sent to assault [[Tanga, Tanzania|Tanga]] in [[German East Africa]]. With the failure of the [[Battle of Tanga]], its units joined the defences of [[British East Africa]] and it was broken up.

The brigade was reformed in India in 1917 for internal security duties and to aid the expansion of the Indian Army in the last year of the war. It, too, was disbanded in 1926.

A '''2nd Bangalore Brigade''' also existed from 1904 to 1911.

=={{anchor|1st}}1st Bangalore Brigade==
The [[Kitchener Reforms]], carried out during [[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener's]] tenure as [[Commander-in-Chief, India]] (1902–09), completed the unification of the three former [[Presidency armies]], the [[Frontier Force (disambiguation)|Punjab Frontier Force]], the [[Hyderabad Contingent]] and other local forces into one [[British Indian Army|Indian Army]]. Kitchener identified the Indian Army's main task as the defence of the [[North-West Frontier (military history)|North-West Frontier]] against foreign aggression (particularly Russian expansion into Afghanistan) with [[internal security]] relegated to a secondary role. The Army was organized into [[division (military)|divisions]] and [[brigade]]s that would act as field formations but also included internal security troops.<ref name=Haythornthwaite244>{{harvnb|Haythornthwaite|1996|p=244}}</ref>

The '''1st Bangalore Brigade''' was formed in December 1904{{efn|name=Formed|December 1904 was the appointment date of the first commanding officer of the 1st Bangalore Brigade.<ref name=Mackie371>{{harvnb|Mackie|2015|p=371}}</ref>}} as a result of the Kitchener Reforms. The brigade formed part of the [[9th (Secunderabad) Division]].<ref name=Hart1906>{{cite web | url = https://archive.org/stream/hartsannualarmy1906hart#page/103/mode/2up | title = Hart's Annual Army List for 1906 | author = The late Lieutenant General H.G. Hart | authorlink = Henry George Hart | publisher = John Murray | location = London | access-date=3 July 2015 }}</ref> In 1906, the [[#2nd|2nd Bangalore Brigade]] was renamed as the Bangalore Cavalry Brigade, and the 1st Brigade became simply the '''Bangalore Brigade'''.<ref name=Mackie371/>

;{{anchor|27th}}27th (Bangalore) Brigade
In August 1914, [[Indian Expeditionary Force B]] was intended to assault [[Dar es Salaam]] in [[German East Africa]] with [[16th (Poona) Brigade]] as its nucleus. In the event, 16th (Poona) Brigade was mobilized with [[6th (Poona) Division]] and sent to [[Mesopotamian campaign|Mesopotamia]]. Instead, Bangalore Brigade was mobilized on 10 September 1914 as the '''27th (Bangalore) Brigade''' along with the [[Imperial Service Infantry Brigade]].

The Force sailed from [[Bombay]] on 16 October with [[Tanga, Tanzania|Tanga]] as the target for an attack. After the failure of the [[Battle of Tanga]] (2–5 November), the Force disembarked at [[Mombassa]] and joined the defences of [[British East Africa]]. The brigade was broken up at this point.<ref name=Perry165>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=165}}</ref>

;{{anchor|Reformed}}Reformed brigade
The '''Bangalore Brigade''' was reformed in 9th (Secunderabad) Division in January 1917.<ref name=Perry106>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=106}}</ref> It remained with the division for the rest of the war, carrying out internal security duties. In the final year of the war, the division (and brigade) took part in the general expansion of the Indian Army as new units were formed.<ref name=Perry110>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=110}}</ref> It was disbanded in 1926.<ref name=Mackie371/>

===Orders of battle===
{| class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; background:transparent;"
!In India in August 1914
|-
|At the outbreak of the [[First World War]], the brigade had the following composition:<ref name=Perry108>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=108}}</ref><ref name=Watson>{{cite web|url=http://www.orbat.com/site/history/historical/india/army1914.html |title=The Indian Army 1914 by Dr. Graham Watson on orbat.com |access-date=2009-10-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509080005/http://www.orbat.com/site/history/historical/india/army1914.html |archive-date=9 May 2013 |df=dmy }}</ref>
* 2nd Battalion, [[Loyal North Lancashire Regiment]]
* [[61st King George's Own Pioneers]] ''(joined [[Indian Expeditionary Force B]] as Force Troops)''
* [[101st Grenadiers]]
* [[108th Infantry]] ''(transferred to Bombay in October 1914)''
* [[4th Brigade Royal Field Artillery|IV Brigade]], [[Royal Field Artillery|RFA]] – 7th, 14th and 66th Batteries ''(joined [[3rd (Lahore) Division]] in August 1914 and departed for the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]])<ref name=Perry50>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=50}}</ref>
|}
{| class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; background:transparent;"
!East African Campaign
|-
|The brigade's composition for its involvement in the [[East African Campaign (World War I)|East African Campaign]] was:<ref name=Perry165/>
* 2nd Battalion, [[Loyal North Lancashire Regiment]]{{efn|2nd Battalion, [[Loyal North Lancashire Regiment]] remained in East Africa until December 1916 (though it was in [[South Africa]] from 10 May to 20 August 1916 to recover from ill health). It was posted to Egypt where it joined the [[British 75th Division]] on 14 April 1917.<ref name=James88>{{harvnb|James|1978|p=88}}</ref><ref name=LLT_75Div>{{cite web | url = http://www.1914-1918.net/75div.htm | title = The 75th Division in 1914-1918 | last = Baker | first = Chris | publisher = The Long, Long Trail | access-date = 3 July 2015}}</ref>}}
* [[63rd Palamcottah Light Infantry]] ''(joined in September 1914 from [[Jubbulpore Brigade]], [[5th (Mhow) Division]])''<ref name=Perry109>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=109}}</ref>{{efn|[[63rd Palamcottah Light Infantry]] remained in East Africa until January 1917.<ref name=Perry165/> It returned to India and joined the [[Secunderabad Brigade]], 9th (Secunderabad) Division.<ref name=Perry108/>}}
* [[98th Infantry]] ''(joined in September 1914 from Jubbulpore Brigade, 5th (Mhow) Division)''<ref name=Perry109/>{{efn|[[98th Infantry]] remained in East Africa until January 1917.<ref name=Perry165/> It returned to India and joined the [[44th (Ferozepore) Brigade]], [[16th Indian Division]].<ref name=Perry138>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=138}}</ref>}}
* [[101st Grenadiers]]{{efn|[[101st Grenadiers]] remained in East Africa until August 1916. It joined the [[29th Indian Brigade]] in Egypt on 4 September 1916.<ref name=Perry165/>}}
|}
{| class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; background:transparent;"
!Reformed brigade
|-
|The reformed brigade commanded the following units:<ref name=Perry108/>
* [[74th Punjabis]] ''(arrived from [[Hong Kong]] in May 1915; transferred in June to [[Jubbulpore Brigade]], [[5th (Mhow) Division]])''
* 2nd Battalion, [[88th Carnatic Infantry]] ''(formed in July 1918)''
* 2nd Battalion, [[75th Carnatic Infantry]] ''(formed in October 1918)''
* 2nd Battalion, [[73rd Carnatic Infantry]] ''formed in [[Southern Brigade]] in June 1918 and the brigade in December 1918)''
|}

===1st / 27th Brigade commanders===
The 1st Bangalore Brigade / Bangalore Brigade / 27th (Bangalore) Brigade / Bangalore Brigade had the following commanders:<ref name=Mackie371/>
{| class="wikitable"
! From !! Rank !! Name !! Notes
|-
| December 1904 || [[Major-general (United Kingdom)|Major-General]] || [[Robert Scallon|R.I. Scallon]] ||
|-
| June 1908 || Major-General || [[Thomas Pilcher|T.D. Pilcher]] ||
|-
| June 1909 || Major-General || [[John G. Ramsay (British Army officer)|J.G. Ramsay]] ||
|-
| May 1911 || Major-General || [[Edward Charles William Mackenzie-Kennedy|E.C.W. Mackenzie-Kennedy]] ||
|-
| January 1913 || [[Brigadier-General]] || [[Richard Wapshare|R. Wapshare]] || ''Brigade broken up in November 1914''
|-
| January 1917 || Brigadier-General || [[Herbert Augustus Iggulden|H.A. Iggulden]] || ''Brigade reformed''
|-
| January 1919 || Brigadier-General || [[Owen C. Wolley-Dod|O.C. Wolley-Dod]] ||
|-
| December 1919 || Major-General || [[Thomas E. Scott (British Army officer)|T.E. Scott]] ||
|-
| May 1920 || Brigadier-General || [[Walter Hore-Ruthven, 10th Lord Ruthven of Freeland|Lord Ruthven]] ||
|-
| May 1923 || Brigadier-General || [[Herbert W. Jackson|H.W. Jackson]] || ''Brigade broken up in 1926''
|}

=={{anchor|2nd|Cavalry}}2nd Bangalore Brigade==
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = 2nd Bangalore Brigade Bangalore Cavalry Brigade
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| dates = December 1904 – October 1911
| country = {{flag|British India|23px}}
| allegiance = [[British Crown]]
| branch = {{army|British India|23px}}
| type = [[Infantry]] then [[Cavalry]]
| role =
| size = [[Brigade]]
| command_structure = [[9th (Secunderabad) Division]]
| garrison = [[Bangalore Cantonment]]
| garrison_label =
| nickname =
| patron =
| motto =
| march =
| mascot =
| anniversaries =
| equipment =
| equipment_label =
| battles=
| decorations =
| battle_honours =
| battle_honours_label =
| disbanded =
| notable_commanders = [[Major-general (United Kingdom)|Maj.-Gen.]] [[John Nixon (Indian Army officer)|J.E. Nixon]]
| identification_symbol =
| identification_symbol_label =
}}
As a result of the [[Kitchener Reforms]] of the [[British Indian Army]], the '''2nd Bangalore Brigade''' was formed in December 1904{{efn|name=Formed}} from the former Bangalore Second Class District.<ref name=Mackie371/> [[Major-general (United Kingdom)|Major-General]] [[John Nixon (Indian Army officer)|John Nixon]], commander of the Bangalore District, took command.<ref name=Mackie322>{{harvnb|Mackie|2015|p=322}}</ref><ref name=Hart1904>{{cite web | url = https://archive.org/stream/hartsannualarmyl1904hart#page/108/mode/2up | title = Hart's Annual Army List for 1904 | author = The late Lieutenant General H.G. Hart | authorlink = Henry George Hart | publisher = John Murray | location = London | access-date=3 July 2015 }}</ref> The brigade formed part of the [[9th (Secunderabad) Division]].<ref name=Hart1906/>

In 1906, the brigade was renamed as the '''Bangalore Cavalry Brigade''' (and the [[#1st|1st Bangalore Brigade]] became simply the Bangalore Brigade). It was broken up in 1911.<ref name=Mackie371/>

===2nd Brigade commanders===
The 2nd Bangalore Brigade / Bangalore Cavalry Brigade had the following commanders:<ref name=Mackie371/>
{| class="wikitable"
! From !! Rank !! Name !! Notes
|-
| May 1903 || [[Major-general (United Kingdom)|Major-General]] || [[John Nixon (Indian Army officer)|J.E. Nixon]] || ''[[General officer commanding|GOC]] of Bangalore Second Class District''<ref name=Mackie322/>
|-
| August 1906 || [[Brigadier-General]] || [[Francis G. Atkinson|F.G. Atkinson]] ||
|-
| August 1909 || Brigadier-General || [[George Arthur Cookson|G.A. Cookson]] || ''Brigade broken up in October 1911''
|}

==See also==
{{portal|World War I}}


==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book
| last = Haythornthwaite | first = Philip J.
| authorlink = Philip Haythornthwaite
| year = 1996
| title = The World War One Source Book
| publisher = Arms and Armour Press
| location = London
| isbn = 1-85409-351-7
}}
* {{cite book
| last = James | first = Brigadier E.A.
| year = 1978
| title = British Regiments 1914–18
| publisher = Samson Books Limited
| location = London
| isbn = 0-906304-03-2
}}
* {{cite web
|last=Mackie
|first=Colin
|date=June 2015
|title=Army Commands 1900-2011
|publisher=www.gulabin.com
|url=http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Army%20Commands%201900-2011.pdf
|access-date=1 July 2015
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705211343/http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Army%20Commands%201900-2011.pdf
|archive-date=5 July 2015
|df=dmy
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Perry | first = F.W.
| year = 1993
| title = Order of Battle of Divisions Part 5B. Indian Army Divisions
| publisher = Ray Westlake Military Books
| location = Newport
| isbn = 1-871167-23-X
}}

==External links==
*{{cite web|url=http://www.warpath.orbat.com/indian_divs/9_ind_div.htm |title=9th (Secunderabad) Division on ''The Regimental Warpath 1914 - 1918'' by PB Chappell |access-date=2015-07-03 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528042810/http://www.warpath.orbat.com/indian_divs/9_ind_div.htm |archive-date=28 May 2008 |df=dmy }}
*{{cite web|url=http://warpath.orbat.com/indian_divs/ind_ind_bdes.htm |title=Independent Indian Brigades on ''The Regimental Warpath 1914 - 1918'' by PB Chappell |access-date=2015-07-03 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213201732/http://warpath.orbat.com/indian_divs/ind_ind_bdes.htm |archive-date=13 February 2012 |df=dmy }}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.orbat.com/site/history/historical/india/army1914.html |title=The Indian Army 1914 by Dr. Graham Watson on orbat.com |access-date=2009-10-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509080005/http://www.orbat.com/site/history/historical/india/army1914.html |archive-date=9 May 2013 |df=dmy }}

{{Indian Expeditionary Forces}}

[[Category:Brigades of India in World War I]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1904]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1911]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1914]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1917]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1926]]

Bangalore Brigade - Revision history

Bot at 19:38, 8 April 2021