SadguruCaterer at 06:12, 19 January 2026

2026-01-19T06:12:29Z

New page

{{Short description|Former district in West Bengal, India}}
{{other uses|Bardhaman (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bardhaman
| native_name =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of West Bengal|Former District]]
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Curzon Gate.jpg
| photo2a = 108 Shiva Temple at Nababhat area of Bardhaman Town at Purba Bardhaman district in West Bengal 07.jpg
| photo2b = 108 Shiva Temple, Ambika-Kalna, Bardhaman, West Bengal.jpg
| photo3a = Radhamadhab temple at Khandra in Paschim Bardhaman district 09.jpg
| photo3b = Sita-Rama temple inside Thakurbari premises of Handa family at Ukhra in Paschim Bardhaman district, West Bengal 03.jpg
| photo4a = Krishok Setu, Damodar River.jpg
| spacing = 1
| color_border = white
| color = white
| size = 300
| foot_montage = Clockwise from top: [[Curzon Gate, Bardhaman|Curzon Gate]], Nava Kailash temple at [[Kalna City|Kalna]], Sita-Rama Temple in [[Ukhra]], Damodar River, Radhamadhab Temple in [[Khandra]], 108 Shiva Temple at Nababhat
}}
| image_map = Bardhaman in West Bengal (India).svg
| mapsize = 300
| map_caption = Location of Bardhaman district in West Bengal
| coordinates = {{coord|23|22|N|87|58|E|type:adm3rd_region:IN-WB_dim:100000|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Emblem of West Bengal (Banglarmukh) before 2018.png}} [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of West Bengal|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Burdwan division|Burdwan]]
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Bardhaman]]
| leader_title = [[List of subdivisions of West Bengal|Subdivisions]]
| leader_name = [[Bardhaman Sadar North subdivision|Bardhaman Sadar North]], [[Bardhaman Sadar South subdivision|Bardhaman Sadar South]], [[Kalna subdivision|Kalna]], [[Katwa subdivision|Katwa]], [[Asansol Sadar subdivision|Asansol]], [[Durgapur subdivision|Durgapur]]
| leader_title1 = [[Community Development Block|CD Blocks]]
| leader_name1 = [[Ausgram I]], [[Ausgram II]], [[Bhatar (community development block)|Bhatar]], [[Burdwan I]], [[Burdwan II]], [[Galsi I]], [[Galsi II]], [[Khandaghosh (community development block)|Khandaghosh]], [[Jamalpur (community development block)|Jamalpur]], [[Memari I]], [[Memari II]], [[Raina I]], [[Raina II]], [[Kalna I]], [[Kalna II]], [[Manteswar (community development block)|Manteswar]], [[Purbasthali I]], [[Purbasthali II]], [[Katwa I]], [[Katwa II]], [[Ketugram I]], [[Ketugram II]], [[Mongalkote (community development block)|Mongalkote]], [[Salanpur (community development block)|Salanpur]], [[Barabani (community development block)|Barabani]], [[Jamuria (community development block)|Jamuria]], [[Raniganj (community development block)|Raniganj]], [[Andal (community development block)|Andal]], [[Pandabeswar (community development block)|Pandabeswar]], [[Faridpur-Durgapur (community development block)|Faridpur-Durgapur]], [[Kanksa (community development block)|Kanksa]]
| leader_title2 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = [[Asansol (Lok Sabha constituency)|Asansol]], [[Bardhaman-Durgapur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bardhaman-Durgapur]], [[Bardhaman Purba (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bardhaman Purba]], [[Bishnupur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bishnupur]], [[Bolpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bolpur]]
| leader_title3 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name3 = [[Pandaveswar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Pandaveswar]], [[Raniganj (West Bengal Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Raniganj]], [[Jamuria (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jamuria]], [[Asansol Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Asansol Uttar]], [[Asansol Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Asansol Dakshin]], [[Kulti (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kulti]], [[Barabani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Barabani]], [[Bardhaman Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bardhaman Uttar]], [[Bardhaman Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bardhaman Dakshin]], [[Manteswar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Manteswar]], [[Bhatar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhatar]], [[Galsi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Galsi]], [[Durgapur Purba (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Durgapur Purba]], [[Durgapur Paschim (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Durgapur Paschim]], [[Raina (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Raina]], [[Jamalpur, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Jamalpur]], [[Kalna (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kalna]], [[Memari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Memari]], [[Purbasthali Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Purbasthali Uttar]], [[Purbasthali Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Purbasthali Dakshin]], [[Katwa (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Katwa]], [[Ketugram (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ketugram]], [[Mangalkot (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mangalkot]], [[Ausgram (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ausgram]], [[Khandaghosh (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Khandaghosh]]
| total_type = Total
| area_total_km2 = 7,024
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 7,717,563
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban = 3,078,299
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 76.21 per cent
| demographics1_title2 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| demographics1_info2 = 945 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| demographics_type2 = Languages
| demographics2_title1 = Official
| demographics2_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref name="wblangoff">{{cite web|title=Fact and Figures|url=https://wb.gov.in/portal/web/guest/facts-and-figures;jsessionid=JzdD9RHb7aMY5esZPtcsIVLy|website=Wb.gov.in|access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=5 July 2019|page=85|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics2_title2 = Additional official
| demographics2_info2 = [[English language|English]]<ref name="wblangoff"/>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| website = {{URL|www.bardhaman.nic.in}}
}}

'''Bardhaman''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɑ:r|d|ə|ˌ|m|ə|n|}}, {{IPA|bn|ˈbɔrˌdʱoman|lang}}), or sometimes '''Burdwan''' and '''Barddhaman''', was a former district in the [[India]]n [[States and union territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]], headquartered in [[Bardhaman]]. On 7 April 2017, the district was bifurcated into two separate districts namely [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]] and [[Paschim Bardhaman district|Paschim Bardhaman]]. It was the seventh most populous district in India (out of [[Districts of India|640]]) at the time of bifurcation.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://westbengal.census.gov.in/DCHB_2011_WB_Part_A/1909_PART_A_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, Bardhaman, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 28 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://westbengal.census.gov.in/DCHB_2011_WB_Part_B/1909_PART_B_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, Bardhaman, Series – 20, Part XII-B, Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 28 May 2021}}</ref>

==Etymology==
Historians link the name of the district to the 24th and last [[Jainism|Jain]] ''[[Tirthankara]]'', [[Mahavira|Mahavira Vardhamana]], who came to preach in the area. A Jain image is in the collection of Vidyasagar Mandir in the [[Midnapore]] town. A Jaina brass plaque has been found from a place very close to Katwa (Burdwan district). Jaina figures of rare artistic quality have been discovered in the place.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Rangarajan|first1=Haripriya|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=voLXAAAAMAAJ&q=Bardhaman+district+jain|title=Jainism: Art, Architecture, Literature & Philosophy|last2=Kamalakar|first2=G.|last3=Reddy|first3=A. K. V. S.|date=2001|publisher=Sharada Publishing House|isbn=978-81-85616-77-3|language=en}}</ref>

Quite a large number of the mutilated sculptures representing Jaina [[Tirthankara]] were noticed within the enclosure of the brick temple of [[Satdeulia]] in [[Burdwan district]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lalavānī|first=Gaṇeśa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q4DXAAAAMAAJ&q=Bardhaman+district+jain|title=Jainism in India|date=1997|publisher=Prakrit Bharati Academy|language=en}}</ref>

==History==
During the period of Jahangir this place was named Badh-e-dewan (district capital). The city owes its historical importance to being the headquarters of the Maharajas of Burdwan, the premier noblemen of lower Bengal, whose rent-roll was upwards of 300,000. Archaeological excavations/ findings at [[Pandu Rajar Dhibi]] and Birbhanpur have indicated settlements in the [[Ajay River|Ajay]] and [[Damodar River|Damodar]] valleys in the [[Mesolithic]] age, around 5,000 BC. Not much is known about the early settlements and the period that followed till around 700 BC in ancient times when the area was referred to as [[Bardhamanbhukti]], which was a part of the [[Rarh region]]. It was one of the sixteen ''janapad (In ancient times, districts were called Janapadas )'' of ancient India. Large and powerful empires such as the [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]]s, [[Maurya Empire|Mauryas]], [[Kushan Empire|Kushanas]] and [[Gupta Empire|Guptas]] held sway over the area and beyond it. In the 7th century AD, the area was part of the [[Gauda Kingdom]], then ruled by [[Shashanka]]. It was subsequently ruled by the [[Pala Empire|Palas]] and [[Sena Dynasty|Senas]], till [[Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khilji|Bakhtiyar Khilji]] captured it in 1199 AD.<ref name="bjiols"/><ref name="bdg"/>

The early Muslim rulers ruled over major parts of Bengal from [[Gauḍa (city)|Gauda]] or Lakhnauti. In the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] period Bardhaman is mentioned as a ''mahal'' or ''pargana'' of ''Sarcar Sharifabad''. Some western parts of Bardhaman was Gopbhum, ruled for many years by the Sadgope kings. The Gopbhum area later became part of the Shergarh and Senpahari ''parganas''.<ref name="bjiols"/><ref name="bdg"/>

In 1606, [[Sher Afghan Khan]], the ''jagirdar'' of Bardhaman, was killed just outside [[Bardhaman]]. After Sher Afghan's death, his wife, Meher-un-Nissa, was taken by [[Jahangir]] as his consort, and named [[Nur Jahan]]. It was one of the most romantic chapters of Mughal history. In 1622, when Jahangir's son, Khurram, who later became [[Shah Jahan]], rebelled against his father, he captured the fort of Bardhaman.<ref name="bdg">{{cite web | url = http://bardhaman.nic.in/distgazet/ch2.pdf | title = Bengal District Gazetteers, Burdwan by JCK Peterson | work= History, pages 28-39 | publisher = First published in 1910, reprinted in 1997 by the Government of West Bengal |access-date = 13 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="bjiols"/>

In 1689, Raja Krishnaram Roy, of the [[Bardhaman Raj|Bardhaman Raj family]], obtained a ''farman'' (royal decree) from [[Aurangzeb]] by which he was made the ''[[zamindar]]'' (landlord) of Bardhaman, and since then the Raj family's history became identical with that of the district. During the reign of Krishnaram Rai, Subha Singh, ''zamindar'' of Chitua and Barda, then part of Bardhaman, raised the standard of revolt in 1696. He was killed by Rajkumari Satyabati, when he tried to outrage her. Kirti Chandra Rai added the ''parganas'' of Chitua, Bhurshut, Barda and Manoharshahsi to his territories. He also seized the estates of the Raja of Belghara and attacked and defeated the powerful Raja of Bishnupur. Chitra Sen Ray was conferred the title of ''Raja'' by the Mughal emperor in 1740. He was succeeded by Tilakchand Ray, who was also conferred the title of ''Raja'' by the Mughal emperor. It was during his rule that East India Company acquired Bardhaman and other areas of Bengal.<ref name="bjiols"/><ref name="bdg"/>

After the death of Aurangzeb, the [[Mughal Empire]] became weak and [[Murshid Quli Khan]] became the [[Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad|Nawab of Bengal]], owning only nominal allegiance to the Mughal emperor. At that time Bardhaman was referred to as ''chakla'', a change from the earlier ''pargana''. Subsequently, during the reign of [[Alivardi Khan]], the [[Bargi]]s attacked and plundered Bardhaman.<ref name="bjiols"/><ref name="bdg"/>

After the victory of the British in the [[Battle of Plassey]] in 1757, the fertile district of Bardhaman, along with Medinipur and Chittagong, was ceded to the [[East India Company]]. In 1857, the British Crown took over the administration of the country from the East India Company.<ref name="bjiols"/><ref name="bdg"/>

In 1765, when East India Company acquired the ''diwani'' of Bardhaman, it was composed of Bardhaman, Bankura, Hooghly and a third of Birbhum. Hooghly was separated in 1820, Bankura and Birbhum in 1837. In 1765, Tilakchand Ray was the ''zamindar'' of Bardhaman. He controlled 75 ''parganas'' and also looked after the law and order. At the time of the [[Permanent Settlement]] of [[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis|Lord Cornwallis]] in 1793, the ''chaklas'' were reduced in size, in order to make them more manageable, and districts were created. Six subdivisions were created in Bardhaman district – Bud Bud in 1846, Katwa, Raniganj, Jahanabad (later named Arambagh), and Bardhaman Sadar in 1847 and Kalna in 1850. The ''parganas'' were converted to ''thanas'' (police stations). At that time there were 22 ''thanas'' in Bardhaman district. Later, Jahanabad was transferred out of Bardhaman. Some minor changes went on taking place.<ref name="bjiols">Chattopadhyay, Akkori, ''Bardhaman Jelar Itihas O Lok Sanskriti'' (History and Folk lore of Bardhaman District.), {{in lang|bn}}, Vol I, pp 261-370, Radical Impression. {{ISBN|81-85459-36-3}}</ref><ref name="bdg"/>

The Permanent Settlement ultimately led to the dismemberment of the Bardhaman estate. As the rajas often failed to pay the rent demands, some parts of the estate were auctioned off. However, there were bright spots. Mahatabchand was appointed additional member of the [[Viceroy’s Executive Council]] and in 1877 was allowed to use the title of ''His Highness'' before his name. [[Bijoy Chand Mahatab]] was conferred the title of ''Maharajadhiraj'' by Lord Minto in 1908. [[Uday Chand Mahtab]] took over in 1941 and served till abolition of the zamindary system in 1954, after independence of the country.<ref name="bjiols"/><ref name="bdg"/>

Bardhaman district was bifurcated into two districts, [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]] and [[Paschim Bardhaman district|Paschim Bardhman]], on 7 April 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Paschim & Purba Bardhaman district divided|url=https://www.satsawb.org/Docs/GOs/Paschim_and_Purba_Bardhaman_Gazette_Notifications.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-30|website=www.google.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013192627/http://www.satsawb.org:80/Docs/GOs/Paschim_and_Purba_Bardhaman_Gazette_Notifications.pdf |archive-date=13 October 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-04-08|title=Bengal gets 23rd district: West Burdwan|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/bengal-gets-23rd-district-west-burdwan-4604446/|access-date=2021-12-30|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref><ref name=abp>{{cite web | url = https://bengali.abplive.com/news/states/burdwan-district-bifurcation-today-324944 | title = পূর্ব ও পশ্চিম, আজ বর্ধমান জেলা ভাগের আনুষ্ঠানিক ঘোষনা মুখ্যমন্ত্রীর |language=bn | publisher = ABP Ananda, 7 April 2017 |access-date = 9 April 2017}}</ref>

==Geography==
Bardhaman District had an area of 7,024 km<sup>2</sup> and a population of 6,895,514 (2001 census). It was bounded on the north by [[Birbhum]] and [[Murshidabad]] districts, on the east by [[Nadia District]], on the southeast by [[Hooghly District]], on the southwest by [[Bankura]] and [[Purulia District|Purulia]] districts, and on the northwest by [[Dhanbad district]] of [[Jharkhand]]. The district had six sub-divisions: [[Asansol subdivision|Asansol]], [[Bardhaman Sadar North subdivision|Sadar (North)]], [[Bardhaman Sadar South subdivision|Sadar (South)]], [[Durgapur subdivision|Durgapur]], [[Kalna subdivision|Kalna]], and [[Katwa subdivision|Katwa]].<ref name="geography">{{Cite web|url=http://bardhaman.gov.in/geography.html|title=Geography : Burdwan District|website=bardhaman.gov.in|access-date=2019-09-16}}</ref>

===Topography===
Burdwan district with its varied tectonic elements and riverine features, is a transitional zone between the Jharkhand plateau which constitutes a portion of peninsular shield in the west and Ganga-Brahmaputra alluvial plain in the north and east. In general the Jharkhand plateau consists of the metasedimentary rocks of precambrian age, Gondwana sedimentary rocks, Rajmahal basalts and upper tertiary sediments. Laterite has developed on these older rocks as well as on early Quaternary sediments. To the south, the alluvial plain merges with Damodar-kasain-Subarnarekha deltaic plains. The western half of the district resembles a promontory jutting out from the hill ranges of Chotonagpur plateau and consists of barren, rocky and rolling country with a laterite soil rising into rocky hillocks, the highest being 227 m. These diversify the otherwise monotonous landscape and lend a special charm to the skyline around Asansol subdivision. Ajoy-barakar divide is a convex plateau, the average altitude being 150 m. The gradient is westerly to the west and to the east it is northerly toward
Ajay and southerly toward Damodar below the latitude. The Ajoy-Damodar inter-stream tract is made up of several stows consisting of vales and low convex spurs which run in almost all directions except northeast and thus lends a very complicated character to local relief.<ref name="geography"/>

===Rivers===
The river system in Burdwan includes the Bhagirathi-Hooghly in the east, the Ajoy and its tributaries in the north, and the Dwarakeswar, the Damodar and its branches in the southwest. Besides, there are innumerable Khals and old riverbeds all over the area. The notable rivers and khals are Damodar, Bhagirathi, Barakar, Ajay, Dwarakeswar, Nonia, Singaram, Tamla, Kukua, Kunur, Tumuni, Khari, Banka, Chanda-kanki nala, Behula, Gangur, Brahmani, Khandesvari, Karulia nala, [[Dwarka River|Dwaraka]] or Babla, Koiya nala, Kandarkahal, Kanadamodar, Kananadi, Ghea, Kakinadi etc.<ref name="geography"/>

===Soil===
Different types of soil are encountered in topographical biological, hydrological, and geological conditions in the Burdwan district. In the west, coarse gritty soil blended with rock fragments is formed from the weathering of pegmatite, quartz veins and conglomeratic sandstones, where as sandy soil characteristic of granite rocks and sandstones. This soil is reddish, medium to coarse in texture, acidic in reaction, low in nitrogen, calcium, phosphate and other plant nutrients. Water holding capacity of this soil increases with depth as well as with the increase of clay portions. Towards the east alluvial soil attains an enormous thickness in the low level plains to the east. These soils are sandy, well drained and slightly acidic.<ref name="geography"/>

===Minerals===
Burdwan was one of the premier districts in India in value of minerals. The Raniganj coalfield was the birthplace of the Indian coal industry. Besides coal, important minerals found in the district are iron ores, calcium carbonate, abrasives, silica bricks and moulding sands, glass sands, building materials, manganese, bauxite, laterite etc.<ref name="geography"/>

===Water resources===
There are many ponds, wells, canals, marshes and burrows all over the district. In the Damodar Valley region, there are around 17000 tanks. The
Durgapur barrage and Mithon dam have formed two large reservoirs at the
southwestern and western periphery of the district.<ref name="geography"/>

===Forest===
The forest areas of the district are chiefly in the lateritic and red soil highlands in the Aushgram PS of Sadar subdivision and in the Asansol subdivision.<ref name="geography"/>

===National protected area===
*[[Ramnabagan Wildlife Sanctuary]]

===Climate===
The district experiences a climate which is transitional between CWg and AW types, where 'C' stands for 'warm temperate rainy climates with mild winter', 'W' for 'dry winter not compensated for by total rain in the rest of the year', 'g ' for 'eastern Ganges type of temperature trend' and 'AW' for 'tropical savanna climates'. Average temperature in hot season is 30 C while at the cold season is 20 C. Average rainfall is 1496 mm. The cold season starts from about the middle of November and continues till the end of February. March to May is dry summerintervened by tropical cyclones and storms. June to September is wet summer while October and November is autumn.<ref name="geography"/>

==Demographics==
{{historical populations
|1=1901
|2=1,528,283
|3=1911
|4=1,533,868
|5=1921
|6=1,434,766
|7=1931
|8=1,575,694
|9=1941
|10=1,890,726
|11=1951
|12=2,191,660
|13=1961
|14=3,082,617
|15=1971
|16=3,916,174
|17=1981
|18=4,835,388
|19=1991
|20=6,050,605
|21=2001
|22=6,895,514
|23=2011
|24=7,717,563
|align=middle
|percentages=pagr
|footnote=Note: After 2011, the Bardhaman district was bifurcated into two separate districts namely [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]] and [[Paschim Bardhaman district|Paschim Bardhaman]]. The census data is the addition of two split districts.
|source=[[Census of India]]<ref>{{Cite web|title= A-02: Decadal variation in population 1901-2011, West Bengal, India, 2011|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/43352/download/47040/19%20A-2%20West%20Bengal.pdf|website=www.censusindia.gov.in}}</ref>
}}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Bardhaman district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 7,717,563,<ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Switzerland]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 June 2007 | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Switzerland 7,639,961 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Virginia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|title=2010 Resident Population Data
|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
|access-date=30 September 2011
|quote=Virginia 8,001,024
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|archive-date=19 October 2013
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 7th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert|1100|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.01%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Barddhaman has a [[sex ratio]] of 945 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 76.21%.<ref name=districtcensus/>

==Assembly constituencies==
The district is divided into 26 [[assembly constituency|assembly constituencies]]:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S25/WB_ACPC.pdf |title=General election to the Legislative Assembly, 2001 – List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies |access-date=15 November 2008 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060504185949/http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S25/WB_ACPC.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2006 }}</ref>
#[[Kulti (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kulti]] (assembly constituency no. 257),
#[[Barabani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Barabani]] (assembly constituency no. 258),
#[[Hirapur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Hirapur]] (assembly constituency no. 259),
#[[Asansol Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Asansol]] (assembly constituency no. 260),
#[[Raniganj (West Bengal Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Raniganj]] (assembly constituency no. 261),
#[[Jamuria (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jamuria]] (assembly constituency no. 262),
#[[Ukhra (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ukhra (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 263),
#[[Durgapur Paschim (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Durgapur — I]] (assembly constituency no. 264),
#[[Durgapur Purba (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Durgapur — II]] (assembly constituency no. 265),
#[[Kanksa (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kanksa (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 266),
#[[Ausgram (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ausgram (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 267),
#[[Bhatar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhatar]] (assembly constituency no. 268),
#[[Galsi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Galsi]] (assembly constituency no. 269),
#[[Bardhaman Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bardhaman North]] (assembly constituency no. 270),
#[[Bardhaman Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bardhaman South]] (assembly constituency no. 271),
#[[Khandaghosh (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Khandaghosh (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 272),
#[[Raina (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Raina]] (assembly constituency no. 273),
#[[Jamalpur, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Jamalpur (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 274),
#[[Memari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Memari]] (assembly constituency no. 275),
#[[Kalna (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kalna]] (assembly constituency no. 276),
#[[Nadanghat (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nadanghat]] (assembly constituency no. 277),
#[[Manteswar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Manteswar]] (assembly constituency no. 278),
#[[Purbasthali (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Purbasthali]] (assembly constituency no. 279),
#[[Katwa (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Katwa]] (assembly constituency no. 280),
#[[Mangalkot (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mangalkot]] (assembly constituency no. 281) and
#[[Ketugram (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ketugram (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 282).
Ukhra, Kanksa, Ausgram, Khandaghosh, Jamalpur and Ketugram constituencies are reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled Castes (SC)]] candidates.

Kulti, Barabani, Hirapur, Asansol, Raniganj, Jamuria and Ukhra constituencies are part of [[Asansol (Lok Sabha constituency)]].

Durgapur–I, Durgapur–II, Kanska and Galsi are assembly segments of [[Durgapur (Lok Sabha constituency)]], which also contains three assembly segments from [[Bankura district]].

Bhatar, Bardhaman North, Bardhaman South, Khandaghosh, Raina, Jamalpur and Memari are assembly segments of [[Burdwan (Lok Sabha constituency)]].

Kalna, Nadanghat, Manteswar, Purbasthali and Katwa are assembly segments of [[Katwa (Lok Sabha constituency)]], which also contains two assembly constituencies from [[Hooghly district]].

Ausgram and Mangalkot are part of [[Bolpur (Lok Sabha constituency)]], which has five other assembly segments from [[Birbhum district]].

Ketugram constituency is part of [[Berhampore (Lok Sabha constituency)]], which contains six other assembly segments from [[Murshidabad district]].

===Impact of [[delimitation of constituencies]]===
As per order of the [[Delimitation Commission]] in respect of the [[delimitation of constituencies]] in the West Bengal, the district will be divided into 25 assembly constituencies:<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.wbgov.com/e-gov/English/DELIMITATION.pdf | title = Press Note, Delimitation Commission| access-date = 15 November 2008 | work = Assembly Constituencies in West Bengal| publisher =Delimitation Commission}}</ref>
#[[Khandaghosh (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Khandaghosh (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 259),
#[[Bardhaman Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bardhaman Dakshin]] (assembly constituency no. 260),
#[[Raina (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Raina (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 261),
#[[Jamalpur, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Jamalpur (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 262),
#[[Manteswar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Manteswar]] (assembly constituency no. 263),
#[[Kalna (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kalna (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 264),
#[[Memari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]] (assembly constituency no. 265),
#[[Bardhaman Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bardhaman Uttar (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 266),
#[[Bhatar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhatar]] (assembly constituency no. 267),
#[[Purbasthali Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Purbasthali Dakshin]] (assembly constituency no. 268),
#[[Purbasthali Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Purbasthali Uttar]] (assembly constituency no. 269),
#[[Katwa (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Katwa]] (assembly constituency no. 270),
#[[Ketugram (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ketugram]] (assembly constituency no. 271),
#[[Mangalkot (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mangalkot]] (assembly constituency no. 272),
#[[Ausgram (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ausgram (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 273),
#[[Galsi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Galsi (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 274),
#[[Pandaveswar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]] (assembly constituency no. 275),
#[[Durgapur Purba (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Durgapur Purba]] (assembly constituency no. 276),
#[[Durgapur Paschim (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Durgapur Paschim]] (assembly constituency no. 277),
#[[Raniganj (West Bengal Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Raniganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]] (assembly constituency no. 278),
#[[Jamuria (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jamuria]] (assembly constituency no. 279),
#[[Asansol Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]] (assembly constituency no. 280),
#[[Asansol Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]] (assembly constituency no. 281),
#[[Kulti (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kulti]] (assembly constituency no. 282) and
#[[Barabani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Barabani]] (assembly constituency no. 283).

Khandaghosh, Raina, Jamalpur, Kalna, Bardhaman Uttar, Ausgram and Galsi constituencies will be reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled Castes (SC)]] candidates.

Khandaghosh constituency will be part of [[Bishnupur (Lok Sabha constituency)]], which will contain six other assembly segments from [[Bankura district]].

Raina, Jamalpur, Kalna, Memari, Purbasthali Dakshin, Purbasthali Uttar and Katwa assembly constituencies will form the [[Bardhaman Purba (Lok Sabha constituency)]], which will be reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled Castes (SC)]] candidates.

Bardhaman Dakshin, Manteswar, Bardhaman Uttar, Bhatar, Galsi, Durgapur Purba and Durgapur Paschim will form the [[Bardhaman-Durgapur (Lok Sabha constituency)]].

Pandabeswar, Raniganj, Jamuria, Asansol Dakshin, Asansol Uttar, Kulti and Barabani constituencies will form the [[Asansol (Lok Sabha constituency)]].

Ketugram, Mangalkot and Ausgram will be part of [[Bolpur (Lok Sabha constituency)]], which will contain four other assembly segments from [[Birbhum district]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Commons-inline}}
* {{Wikivoyage-inline|Bardhaman (region)}}

{{Districts of West Bengal}}
{{Historical districts of India}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bardhaman District}}
[[Category:Former districts of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Districts of British India]]

Bardhaman district - Revision history

SadguruCaterer at 06:12, 19 January 2026