https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Bareilly_Central_JailBareilly Central Jail - Revision history2026-07-31T07:52:18ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Bareilly_Central_Jail&diff=471347&oldid=prevVemareddy at 11:38, 6 September 20252025-09-06T11:38:18Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Prison center in Bareilly, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}<br />
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{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}<br />
'''Bareilly Central Jail''' was built in 1848 at [[Bareilly]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]], India, at a time when the authorities of the [[British East India Company]] were introducing a policy of constructing central prisons to house those convicted for long terms.<br />
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==History==<br />
The prisons were located in proximity to military bases so that soldiers could be called upon to quell any violence within them. This policy arose from a two-year enquiry that had begun in 1836 and included [[Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay|Macaulay]] among its members. As another strand of the policy, these new prisons were governed by police inspectors rather than, as previously, being under the control of [[District Collector|district collectors]]. It was deemed that the collectors' many and varied other responsibilities caused them to have little time to oversee matters relating to the prison system, but in due course, it was also found that the police officers were similarly affected, and thus, dedicated prison superintendents were introduced. <br />
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The change in responsibility caused members of the [[Indian Medical Service]] to take over from those of the [[Indian Civil Service]] and reflected the enquiry's concern regarding prison conditions, which it had considered to be chaotic, arbitrary, unsanitary and disease-ridden and the cause of high death rates. Despite these progressive conclusions, which also created a two-tier designation of "simple imprisonment" and "[[rigorous imprisonment]]", the principal purpose of the central prisons remained that of punishment rather than rehabilitation, with prisoners kept occupied in the performance of dull, repetitive tasks and with no provision for education or reward for good behaviour.{{sfnp|Singh|1979|pp=23-25|ps=}}<br />
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An outbreak of [[anthrax]] in December 1905 among people working with [[wool]] at the jail caused seven deaths.{{sfnp|Punekar|Varickayil|1990|p=198|ps=}}<br />
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Bareilly Central Jail housed various [[political prisoner]]s during the British Raj era, including [[Yashpal]], whose marriage on 7 August 1936 while imprisoned there was the first such ceremony in an Indian jail. The perceived humanising touch to the strictures of imprisonment led to a change in prison manuals, effectively preventing any further such events.{{sfnp|Friend|1977|ps=}}<br />
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An early study of [[homosexuality]] among male prisoners in India, published by S. P. Srivastava in 1974, indicated that 10–15 percent of inmates at Bareilly were [[situational homosexuality|situational]] and habitual homosexuals and 3 per cent were "committed" thus.{{sfnp|Joseph|2005|p=63|ps=}}<br />
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== Notable prisoners ==<br />
*[[Ghaffar Khan]] (ca. 1935){{sfnp|Gandhi|2008|p=109|ps=}}<br />
*[[Jawaharlal Nehru]] (February - June 1932, March–June 1945){{sfnp|Gandhi|2004|p=xxxii-xxxiii|ps=}}<br />
*[[M. N. Roy]] (ca. 1932){{sfnp|Sibnarayan|1997|p=4|ps=}}<br />
*[[Chandra Shekhar]] (ca. 1954)<br />
*[[Yashpal]] (ca. 1936){{sfnp|Friend|1977|ps=}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
'''Citations'''<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
'''Bibliography'''<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{citation |title=Yashpal: Fighter for Freedom - Writer for Justice |first=Corinne |last=Friend |journal=Journal of South Asian Literature |volume=13 |issue=1 |date=1977 |pages=65–90 |jstor=40873491}} {{subscription required}}<br />
*{{citation |title=Ghaffar Khan |first=Rajmohan |last=Gandhi |publisher=Penguin Books India |year=2008 |isbn=9780143065197 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xnTtQrRVNKAC}}<br />
*{{citation |title=Two Alone, Two Together |editor-first=Sonia |editor-last=Gandhi |publisher=Penguin Books India |year=2004 |isbn=9780143032458 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cwB7ebB8TK8C}}<br />
*{{citation |title=Labour Movement In India: Documents: 1891-1917 |volume=2 |editor1-first=S. D. |editor1-last=Punekar |editor2-first=R. |editor2-last=Varickayil |publisher=Popular Prakashan |year=1990 |isbn=9788171543311 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gztTAikVv4YC}}<br />
*{{citation |first=Ray |last=Sibnarayan |chapter=Introduction to Volume IV |title=Selected Works of M. N. Roy |volume=IV, 1932–1936 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1997}}<br />
*{{citation |title=Social Work Practice and Men Who Have Sex With Men |first=Sherry |last=Joseph |publisher=SAGE |year=2005 |isbn=9780761933526 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3P4IKB7Mcf4C}}<br />
*{{citation |title=Indian Prison: A Sociological Enquiry |first=Indra Jeet |last=Singh |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |year=1979 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KfipRbW5R48C}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
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== Further reading ==<br />
*{{cite book |title=The Indian Uprising Of 1857-8: Prisons, Prisoners and Rebellion |first=Clare |last=Anderson |publisher=Anthem Press |year=2007 |isbn=9780857287007 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MGJQKg4Tja0C}}<br />
*{{cite journal |first=S. P. |last=Srivastava |title=Sex Life in an Indian Male Prison |year=1974 |journal=Indian Journal of Social Work |volume=35 |issue=1}}<br />
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{{coord missing|Uttar Pradesh}}<br />
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[[Category:Buildings and structures in Bareilly]]<br />
[[Category:1848 establishments in British India]]<br />
[[Category:Prisons in Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Prisons completed in the 1840s]]</div>Vemareddy