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<p></p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{short description|Foundational texts of the nastika Cārvāka school}}<br /> {{Hindu philosophy}}<br /> {{italic title}}<br /> The &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;Bārhaspatya sūtras&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; (a patronymic of [[Brhaspati]]), or &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;Lokāyata sutras&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; are the foundational texts of the &#039;&#039;[[nastika]]&#039;&#039; [[Charvaka]] school of materialist philosophy.<br /> <br /> This text has been lost, and is known only from fragmentary quotations. Dakshinaranjan Shastri in 1928 published 60 such verses. In 1959, he published 54 selected verses as &#039;&#039;Barhaspatya [[sutram]]&#039;&#039;. Shastri was of the opinion that many more fragments could be recovered. [[Ramkrishna Bhattacharya]] (2002) attempts a new reconstruction, with the caveat that the more verses are listed, the greater the uncertainty that it will be either misquoted or foreign materials included as a part of the text.<br /> <br /> Most of the fragments are found in works dated to the Indian Middle Ages, roughly between the 8th and 12th centuries. The extensive 14th century treatise on [[Indian philosophy]] by [[Vidyaranya|Madhava Vidyaranya]], the &#039;&#039;Sarvadarshanasamgraha&#039;&#039;, gives a detailed account of Charvaka, but it doesn&#039;t quote Charvaka texts directly, instead paraphrasing the doctrine according to the understanding of a learned 14th century [[Vedantin]]. Bhattacharya lists 68 items on 9 pages.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> * [[Atheism in Hinduism]]<br /> * [[Atman (Hinduism)]]<br /> * [[Hindu philosophy]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> * Dakshinaranjan Shastri, &#039;&#039;Charvaka Philosophy&#039;&#039;, Purogami Prakashani (1967)<br /> * R. Bhattacharya, &quot;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/23496944?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Carvaka Fragments: A New Collection]&quot;, &#039;&#039;Journal of Indian Philosophy&#039;&#039;, Volume 30, Number 6, December 2002, pp. 597-640.<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Sanskrit texts]]<br /> [[Category:Indian philosophy]]<br /> <br /> {{Indian Philosophy}}</div>

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