BernardoWebb158 at 06:41, 16 December 2025

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{{Short description|Road in Kolkata, India}}
{{Redirect|BT Road|other uses|Barrackpore (disambiguation)}}
{{good article}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox road
| country = IND
| name = Barrackpore Trunk Road
| map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|type=line|stroke-width=4|raw={{Wikipedia:Map data/Wikipedia KML/Barrackpore Trunk Road}}}}
| map_custom = yes
| map_notes = Barrackpore Trunk Road highlighted in red
| alternate_name = BT Road
| length_mi =
| length_km = 18.1
| length_round =
| length_ref =
| established = 1775
| allocation =
| direction_a =
| terminus_a =
| junction =
| direction_b =
| terminus_b =
| photo = BT Road, Sinthee.jpg
| photo_notes = BT Road, Sinthee
| municipalities = [[Barrackpore]] Municipality,
[[Titagarh]] Municipality,
[[Khardaha]] Municipality,
[[Panihati]] Municipality,
[[Kamarhati Municipality]],
[[Baranagar Municipality]],
[[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
| states = [[West Bengal]]
| districts = [[Kolkata district|Kolkata]] and [[North 24 Parganas]]
}}

'''Barrackpore Trunk Road''', commonly known as '''BT Road''', is 6 laned [[trunk road]] in Kolkata [[West Bengal]], India. It connects [[Shyambazar|Shaymbazar]] with [[Barrackpore]] via [[Baranagar]]. Built in 1775, it is the oldest [[metalled road]] and one of the busiest roads in the country. The {{Convert|18.1|km|mi|abbr=on}} long road is a part of both [[State Highway 1 (West Bengal)|State Highway 1]] and [[State Highway 2 (West Bengal)|State Highway 2]].

Barrackpore Trunk Road has multiple institutes and other landmarks along it, including the [[Indian Statistical Institute]] and [[Rabindra Bharati University]]. Once the areas around the road were industrial zones, but gradually, residential areas sprawled and replaced the industries. The city's 160-year-old water supply pipeline runs under the road. An elevated [[Kolkata Metro|metro]] line was planned in 2010–2011 over the road from [[Baranagar metro station|Baranagar]] to [[Barrackpore metro station|Barrackpore]]. BT Road has a major intersection at Dunlop.

== Route description ==
The {{Convert|18.1|km|mi|abbr=off|adj=on}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=List of roads maintained by different divisions in North 24 Parganas District|url=http://wbpwd.gov.in/files/contents/road_list_of_pwd_04112017.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=31 May 2021|website=West Bengal Public Works Department|page=22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213827/http://wbpwd.gov.in/files/contents/road_list_of_pwd_04112017.pdf |archive-date=2 June 2021 }}</ref> [[trunk road]] starts from the [[Shyambazar]] 5-point crossing in [[North Kolkata]], goes straight northward and ends at [[Barrackpore]]. It serves [[Tala, Kolkata|Tala]], [[Paikpara]], [[Sinthee]], [[Cossipore]], [[Baranagar]], [[Dunlop, Kolkata|Dunlop]], [[Belghoria]], [[Kamarhati]], [[Agarpara]], [[Panihati]], [[Sodepur]], [[Sukchar]], [[Khardaha]], [[Titagarh]], [[Barrackpore]] areas under the [[Municipality|municipalities]] of [[Barrackpore]], [[Titagarh]], [[Khardaha]], [[Panihati]], [[Kamarhati Municipality|Kamarhati]], [[Baranagar Municipality|Baranagar]] and [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Barrackpore City Police|url=https://barrackporecitypolice.in/map.php|access-date=2021-05-29|website=barrackporecitypolice.in}}</ref> The West Bengal [[State Highway 1 (West Bengal)|State Highway 1]] and [[State Highway 2 (West Bengal)|State Highway 2]] runs through BT Road.<ref>{{Cite web|title=District Highway Road Map|url=https://wbhdcl.gov.in/home/road_map|url-status=live|access-date=1 June 2021|website=West Bengal Highway Development Corporation Limited|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150308140234/http://www.wbhdcl.gov.in:80/home/road_map |archive-date=8 March 2015 }}</ref> It is a six-lane road of {{Convert|21|m|ft|abbr=on}} width except some areas where it is 4 laned. The traffic volume on the trunk road fewer than 7,000 passenger car units a day in the late 1990s, which had increased to 12,000 passenger car units a day in 2010. A six-lane [[Overpass|flyover]] is planned between [[Tala Setu|Tallah Bridge]] and Dunlop to decongest the BT Road.<ref>{{Cite web|date=22 Sep 2017|title=High bet on BT Road|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/high-bet-on-bt-road/cid/1407369|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-03|website=The Telegraph|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603150359/https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/high-bet-on-bt-road/cid/1407369 |archive-date=3 June 2021 }}</ref><ref name=":1" />[[File:Dunlop, neighborhood in Kolkata.jpg|thumb|Barrackpore Trunk Road at [[Dunlop, Kolkata|Dunlop]] More]]Dunlop More is a [[T-shaped]] major [[Intersection (road)|intersection]] in the route. There, it passes under the [[Belghoria Expressway]] ([[AH1]]). The branched out road from BT Road at Dunlop joins the Belghoria Expressway, which further connects with [[National Highway 16 (India)|National Highways 16]] and [[National Highway 19 (India)|19]] on the other side of [[Hooghly River]]. It also has a [[One-way traffic|one-way]] flyover from the branched road, which joins BT Road on the Shyambazar-facing lane.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 Oct 2012|title=Faster flow promise in flyover unveil|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/faster-flow-promise-in-flyover-unveil/cid/1279659|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-03|website=The Telegraph|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501105242/https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/faster-flow-promise-in-flyover-unveil/cid/1279659 |archive-date=1 May 2021 }}</ref> Barrackpore Trunk Road passes under [[Kolkata Metro Blue Line]] and [[Chord link line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)|Chord Link Line]] ([[Kolkata Suburban Railway]]) and has an interchange facility with [[Baranagar metro station]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=3 Jan 2010|title=Mamata paves way for Metro's northern journey|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/mamata-paves-way-for-metros-northern-journey/articleshow/5406431.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-03|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224060601/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Mamata-paves-way-for-Metros-northern-journey/articleshow/5406431.cms |archive-date=24 December 2019 }}</ref> and [[Baranagar Road railway station]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=BARN/Baranagar Road|url=https://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/baranagar-road-barn/7697|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-03|website=indiarailinfo.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021191547/http://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/baranagar-road-barn/7697 |archive-date=21 October 2012 }}</ref> respectively, at Dunlop.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2021-06-01|title=Barrackpore Trunk Road|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Chiria+More+Barrackpore/22.6020233,88.3736109/@22.6819586,88.3026229,12z/am=t/data=!3m1!4b1!4m9!4m8!1m5!1m1!1s0x39f89bcb281a159f:0x649ddb91833c1a99!2m2!1d88.3662078!2d22.7615723!1m0!3e2?shorturl=1|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-01|website=[[Google Maps]]|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001171013/https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Chiria+More+Barrackpore/22.6020233,88.3736109/@22.6819586,88.3026229,12z/am=t/data=!3m1!4b1!4m9!4m8!1m5!1m1!1s0x39f89bcb281a159f:0x649ddb91833c1a99!2m2!1d88.3662078!2d22.7615723!1m0!3e2?shorturl=1 |archive-date=1 October 2021 }}</ref>

== History ==
Barrackpore was the first British [[cantonment]] in India, set up in 1772.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-02-18|title=18th century BT Road's transformation documented|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/art-and-culture/18th-century-bt-roads-transformation-documented-4531694/|access-date=2021-05-29|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Official Website of Barrackpore Sub Division|url=http://www.barrackpore.gov.in/HTM/sdobkp_Admin_CANTONMENT.htm|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-31|website=barrackpore.gov.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070808202816/http://www.barrackpore.gov.in:80/HTM/sdobkp_Admin_CANTONMENT.htm |archive-date=8 August 2007 }}</ref> To connect it with the then country capital, Calcutta, the trunk road was built in 1775; it was the first [[metalled road]] in India and is also one of the busiest roads in the country.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-02-22|title=Around the City of Joy|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/travel/around-the-city-of-joy-1487763341.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-29|website=The Statesman|location=[[New Delhi]]|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170306182017/http://www.thestatesman.com:80/travel/around-the-city-of-joy-1487763341.html |archive-date=6 March 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=18 February 2017|title='Reinvention' of India's oldest metalled road|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/books-education/reinvention-of-india-s-oldest-metalled-road-1487414535.html|url-status=live|access-date=30 Aug 2021|website=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]]|issn=0972-0219|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222181424/http://www.thestatesman.com/books-education/reinvention-of-india-s-oldest-metalled-road-1487414535.html |archive-date=22 February 2017 }}</ref>

Later the areas including Khardah, Sodepur and Titagarh, along BT Road grew into industrial zones. Some of the notable [[Mill (grinding)|mills]] included Mohini Mills in Belghoria, Basanti Cotton Mills in Khardah Jute Mill/ But during the late 1970–80s, [[deindustrialization]] began under the then [[List of chief ministers of West Bengal|Chief Minister]] [[Jyoti Basu]]'s tenure in the state.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Patnaik|first=Prabhat|url=http://14.139.211.59/bitstream/123456789/1553/11/11_chapter_06.pdf|title=Re-envisioning Socialism|publisher=[[Columbia University Press]]|year=2012|isbn=978-8189487966|pages=194|access-date=30 Aug 2021}}</ref> This led to a shift from heavy industries to small and [[cottage industries]], with many of the industrial developments on the road closing. Gradually, property developers took up the vacant lands and built housing infrastructure along the road.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chakraborty|first=Tapas|date=2021-04-24|title=Industrial workers on Kolkata's outskirts resigned to their fate|url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/india/industrial-workers-on-kolkatas-outskirts-resigned-to-their-fate|access-date=2021-05-31|website=National Herald|language=en}}</ref> The announcement of metro projects also increased the demand of residential properties.<ref name="Going going... RIP Barrackpore Metro" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.nkrealtors.com/tmp/realties15-05-14.pdf|title=real-ties|publisher=N. K. Realtors (P) Ltd.|year=2014|volume=10|location=Kolkata|publication-date=April 2014|pages=8|access-date=3 June 2021|issue=1}}</ref>

== Landmarks ==

=== Institutes ===
Some major institutes and campuses including [[Indian Statistical Institute]], a Statistical Laboratory set up by [[Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis]] in Kolkata;<ref>{{Cite web|title=ISI Kolkata Campus|url=https://www.isical.ac.in/~theophys-07/venue.html|url-status=live|access-date=30 May 2021|website=isical.ac.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602212511/https://www.isical.ac.in/~theophys-07/venue.html |archive-date=2 June 2021 }}</ref> [[Rabindra Bharati University]], a public research [[university]];<ref>{{Cite web|title=Contact|url=http://www.rbu.ac.in/home/post/98f13708210194c475687be6106a3b84|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-01|website=rbu.ac.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170619071451/http://www.rbu.ac.in:80/home/post/98f13708210194c475687be6106a3b84 |archive-date=19 June 2017 }}</ref> [[College of Medicine & Sagore Dutta Hospital]], a referral government hospital, [[medical college]] and research institute;<ref>{{Cite web|title=Contact us|url=http://www.cmsdh.edu.in/contact-us|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-01|website=cmsdh.edu.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112112001/http://www.cmsdh.edu.in:80/contact-us |archive-date=12 November 2017 }}</ref> [[University of Calcutta#Campuses|University of Calcutta BT Road Campus]], a [[Collegiate university|collegiate public state research university]];<ref>{{Cite web|title=B.T. Road Campus|url=https://www.caluniv.ac.in/campuses/campus-5.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-29|website=caluniv.ac.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603150401/https://www.caluniv.ac.in/campuses/campus-5.html |archive-date=3 June 2021 }}</ref> are situated on Barrackpore Trunk Road.

=== Other landmarks ===
Other notable landmarks along the route include the [[Bengal Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals]], Panihati factory;<ref>{{Cite web|last=|title=Contact Information|url=https://bengalchemicals.co.in/contact/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-29|website=Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Ltd.|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603155208/http://bengalchemicals.co.in:80/contact/ |archive-date=3 June 2016 }}</ref> [[NCERT]] Production-cum-Distribution Centre, Panihati;<ref>{{Cite web|title=Activities of the Department|url=https://ncert.nic.in/division/pd/activities.php|url-status=live|access-date=1 June 2021|website=ncert.nic.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602212743/https://ncert.nic.in/division/pd/activities.php |archive-date=2 June 2021 }}</ref> [[Texmaco Rail & Engineering|Texmaco Rail & Engineering Limited]], Belgharia;<ref>{{Cite web|title=Texmaco Rail & Engineering Limited|url=https://www.texmaco.in/webfiles/contact-us.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-29|website=texmaco.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213055/https://www.texmaco.in/webfiles/contact-us.html |archive-date=2 June 2021 }}</ref> and [[CESC Limited|CESC]] Titagarh generating station.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Us|url=https://www.cesc.co.in/?page_id=509|url-status=live|access-date=1 Jun 2021|website=cesc.co.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324050003/https://www.cesc.co.in/?page_id=509 |archive-date=24 March 2015 }}</ref>

== Kolkata Metro ==
[[File:Baranagar Road railway station in Sealda to Dankuni line 03.jpg|thumb|[[Baranagar Road railway station]] and [[Baranagar metro station]] (behind)]]
The [[Baranagar–Barrackpore metro line]] (or Pink Line) is a {{convert|12.5|km|mi|abbr=on}} northward extension of the [[Kolkata Metro]] network along BT Road with Baranagar metro station serving as the [[Interchange station|interchange]] between Blue and Pink Lines. It was sanctioned at a cost of {{INRConvert|2069.6|c|lk=on|year=2010}} in the 2010–2011 budget. This line was meant to enable a quick commute from the northernmost suburbs to [[South Kolkata]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=8 May 2014|title=Road Ahead….. Projects sanctioned|url=https://mtp.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,1,304,375,379|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190217143720/https://mtp.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,1,304,375,379|archive-date=17 February 2019|access-date=19 May 2020|website=mtp.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref><ref name="Going going... RIP Barrackpore Metro">{{cite news|last=Mandal|first=Sanjay|date=26 February 2015|title=Going going... RIP Barrackpore Metro|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/going-going-rip-barrackpore-metro/cid/1488172|access-date=29 July 2020}}</ref>

Although the work never started as the [[Government of West Bengal]] had proposed for realignment of the line via [[Kalyani Expressway]], due to the presence of arterial [[water pipelines]] under BT Road, that supply water to Kolkata. The construction work might damage the water pipelines, cutting off the city's water supply. It might also create huge [[traffic congestion]] on the busy road.<ref name="Going going... RIP Barrackpore Metro" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Bandyopadhyay|first=Krishnendu|date=16 May 2018|title=Metro: Metro iffy about state's Barrackpore route plan|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/metro-iffy-about-states-barrackpore-route-plan/articleshow/64183476.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2020-02-28|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517012749/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/metro-iffy-about-states-barrackpore-route-plan/articleshow/64183476.cms |archive-date=17 May 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Mandal|first=Sanjay|date=16 Jan 2018|title=Barrackpore Metro 'detour' to Kalyani|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/barrackpore-metro-detour-to-kalyani/cid/1408534|url-status=live|access-date=2020-02-28|website=The Telegraph|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228103436/https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/west-bengal/barrackpore-metro-detour-to-kalyani/cid/1408534 |archive-date=28 February 2020 }}</ref> As of 2021, [[Shyambazar metro station|Shyambazar]] and [[Baranagar metro station|Baranagar]] metro station are connected with the trunk road.

== Palta-Tala pipeline ==
{{Main|Tala tank}}

[[Potable water]] pipeline connections from [[Palta, North 24 Parganas|Palta]] Waterworks to Kolkata, along the BT Road, existed since the late 1860s. After the construction of the [[Tala tank]], it was joined with {{convert|42|in|cm|abbr=unit}} diameter [[cast iron]] pipes.<ref>{{Cite web|date=|title=Water Supply in Old Days|url=http://kmwsa.gov.in/html/retros.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120604003439/http://kmwsa.gov.in/html/retros.html|archive-date=2012-06-04|access-date=2021-05-14|website=kmwsa.gov.in}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Zohar|first=Zvi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F73wpAIoH9IC&q=%22Tala+Tank%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA20|title=Rabbinic Creativity in the Modern Middle East|date=2013-06-20|publisher=Bloomsbury|isbn=978-1-4725-1150-8|pages=20|language=en|access-date=14 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512183252/https://books.google.com/books?id=F73wpAIoH9IC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA20&dq=%22Tala+Tank%22+-wikipedia&hl=en|archive-date=12 May 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> There are six pipelines of {{convert|42-70|in|cm|abbr=unit}} diameter, under BT Road connecting the Tala reservoir with Palta.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mandal|first=Sanjay|date=15 May 2018|title=Govt wants to scrap BT Road Metro route|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/govt-wants-to-scrap-bt-road-metro-route/cid/1416944|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-29|website=The Telegraph|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602212630/https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/govt-wants-to-scrap-bt-road-metro-route/cid/1416944 |archive-date=2 June 2021 }}</ref> It also carries water pipes of other municipalities including Sodepur and Panihati.<ref name="Going going... RIP Barrackpore Metro" />

== Major intersections ==
{{Cleanup road junction list|date=November 2021}}
[[File:Shyambazar Five-point Crossing - Kolkata 2012-05-19 3059.JPG|thumb|Barrackpore Trunk Road end at [[Shyambazar]] 5-point crossing]]
The entire route is in West Bengal.
{| class="wikitable"
!Location
!Distance
!Destinations
!Notes
|-
| style="text-align:right|[[Shyambazar]]
| style="text-align:center|{{convert|0.0|km|mi|abbr=unit}}
|
| style="text-align:center|Southern terminus
|-
| style="text-align:right|[[Dunlop, Kolkata|Dunlop]]
| style="text-align:center|{{convert|5.8|km|mi|abbr=unit}}
| style="text-align:left|[[File:Tabliczka AH1.svg|20x20px]] Belghoria Expressway
|
|-
| style="text-align:right|[[Barrackpore]]
| style="text-align:center|{{convert|18.1|km|mi|abbr=unit}}
| style="background: #ddffdd;text-align:left|[[File:WB SH1-IND.png|27x27px]] [[State Highway 1 (West Bengal)|State Highway 1]]<br />[[File:WB SH2-IND.png|27x27px]] [[State Highway 2 (West Bengal)|State Highway 2]]
| style="background: #ddffdd;text-align:center|Northern terminus
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== See also ==
* [[Jessore Road]]
* [[Dum Dum Road]]
* [[National Highway 12 (India)]]

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline|Barrackpore Trunk Road}}
{{Attached KML}}

{{North 24 Parganas topics}}
{{Kolkata topics}}
{{National and State Highways in West Bengal}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Roads in Kolkata]]

Barrackpore Trunk Road - Revision history

BernardoWebb158 at 06:41, 16 December 2025