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{{Multiple issues|
{{More footnotes|date=February 2016}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2016}}}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox saint
|name=Saint Baselios Yeldo
|image=Tomb of Beselios Yeldo.jpg
|imagesize=300px
|caption= Tomb of Mor Baselios Yeldo. <br><small>No picture or icon of the saint presently available)</small>
|alt=
|birth_date=1593
|birth_place=[[Bakhdida]], [[Ottoman Empire]]
|death_date=29 September 1685
|death_place=[[Kothamangalam]]
|feast_day=3 October
|venerated_in= [[Syriac Orthodox Church]], [[Jacobite Syrian Christian Church]] and [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]]
|titles=[[Maphrian of the East]]
|beatified date=
|beatified place=
|beatified_by=
|canonized_date= 2 November 1947 by [[Baselios Geevarghese II]]<br /> 20 October 1987 by [[Ignatius Zakka I Iwas]]
|canonized_place=
|canonized_by=
|attributes=
|major_shrine= [[St. Thomas Church, Kothamangalam]]
}}
'''[[Saint]] Baselios Yeldo''' was the [[Maphrian|Maphrian of the East]] of the [[Syriac Orthodox Church]] from 1678 until his resignation in 1684. He is venerated as a saint in the [[Syriac Orthodox Church]], [[Jacobite Syrian Christian Church]] and [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]] and his feast day is 3 October.

Yeldo was proclaimed a saint by [[Baselios Geevarghese II|Geevarghese II]], [[Catholicos of the East and Malankara Metropolitan|Catholicos of the East]] & [[Malankara Metropolitan]], on 2 November 1947,<ref>''[http://mosc.in/saints/st-baselios-yeldho-kothamangalam-bava St. Baselios Yeldho (Kothamangalam Bava)]''. Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church</ref> and later also by [[Ignatius Zakka I Iwas]], [[Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch]], on 20 October 1987.<ref name="St. George"/>

==Biography==
Yeldo was born in 1593 in the village of [[Bakhdida]], near the city of [[Mosul]], and became a monk at the [[Mar Behnam Monastery|Monastery of Saint Behnam]] at a young age. He was consecrated Maphrian of the East in 1678 by Ignatius Abdul Messiah I Patriarch of Antioch.<ref name="MSCR ">''[http://www.syriacchristianity.info/bio/MorBaseliosYeldho.htm St. Baselios Yeldho]''. Malankara Syriac Christian Resources</ref>

In 1683, [[List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch|Ignatius Abdul Messiah I]] Patriarch of Antioch, received a letter and later a delegation from [[Mar Thoma II]], [[Malankara Metropolitan|Archbishop of Malankara]], requesting clergymen to help against Portuguese attempts to subdue the Church of Malankara. The patriarch met with clergymen at the [[Mor Hananyo Monastery|Monastery of Saint Ananias]] in the following year to discuss the state of the Church of Malankara and decide whom to send, and Yeldo volunteered to travel to Malankara and thus resign as Maphrian.<ref name="St. George">''[http://www.stgeorgecheppaud.org/StBaseliosYeldho.htm St. Baselios Yeldho]''. St. George Jacobite Syrian Orthodox Church, Cheppaud, Kerala, India</ref> The patriarch and others expressed concern at the health and age of the saint, however, the patriarch granted Yeldo permission to undertake the journey. He returned to the [[Mar Mattai Monastery|Monastery of Saint Matthew]] and made preparations for the journey to India. The monks Joea and Matthew, from the monasteries of Saint Matthew and Saint Behnam respectively, Bishop Ivanios Hidyat Allah, and Yeldo's brother Jamma joined him on the journey south to [[Basra]].<ref name="MSCR "/>

The group travelled by sea from Basra to [[Thalassery]] via [[Surat]], arriving in 1685, but due to the threat of the Portuguese and pirates, Yeldo and his entourage decided to continue their journey to Malakhachira (Present [[Kothamangalam]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Journal of South Indian History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=boMMAQAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Publication Division, University of Calicut|pages=84–85}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=In Quest of Kerala: Geography, places of interest, political history, social history, literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EXIeAAAAMAAJ|year=1974|publisher=Accent Publications|page=57}}</ref> by land and in disguise. Whilst travelling, the group encountered a tiger, but was repelled when Yeldo made the sign of the cross in its direction, forcing it to flee. He later arrived at the village of [[Pallivasal]] and, with the knowledge a heavy flood would afflict the village in the night, advised the villagers to sleep in the hills. Those who followed the saint and his entourage into the hills survived whilst the animals and villagers who remained were drowned. Ivanios and Yeldo continued on to Kozhippilli, near Kothamangalam, where Ivanios agreed to hide in a tree until Yeldo returned as it was deemed unsafe to travel together.<ref name="MSCR "/>

He later reached the River [[Periyar (river)|Periyar]] and asked a local man tending his cattle to show him to the local [[St. Thomas Church, Kothamangalam|Church of Saint Thomas]]. The man stated he could not do so due to his cattle, and thus Yeldo drew a circle in the dirt with his walking stick and instructed the man to direct the cattle into the circle. The cattle consequently did not leave the circle, and the man told the saint of his sister's labour pains, to which Yeldo asked for water. The man went to climb a coconut tree only for it to bend and he gathered two coconuts. Yeldo blessed one of the coconuts and told the man to make his sister drink from the coconut. The man later returned with the news that his sister had successfully given birth to a boy. As the cattle had remained within the circle, the man agreed to show Yeldo to the local church.<ref name="MSCR "/>

At the Church of Saint Thomas, members of the local congregation returned to Kozhippilli with Yeldo's handkerchief to retrieve Ivanios who, however, refused to come down from the tree as he believed that the crowd had murdered the saint. The local deacon, who spoke [[Syriac language|Syriac]], showed the bishop the handkerchief and convinced him to come with them to Kothamangalam. At Kothamangalam, on the Feast of the Holy Cross, Yeldo consecrated Ivanios Hidyat Allah as archbishop to help consecrate clergy and thus combat Portuguese affronts against the Church of Malankara. Due to his age, however, the saint became ill three days later and died on 29 September 1685. The huge granite cross within the Church of Saint Thomas lit up at the time of his death.<ref name="MSCR "/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{s-start}}
{{succession box
| before = [[Baselios Habeeb II|Habeeb II]]
| title = [[Maphrian|Syriac Orthodox Maphrian of the East]]
| years = 1678–1684
| after = [[Ignatius George II]]
}}
{{s-end}}
{{Maphrians and Metropolitans of the East}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Maphrians]]
[[Category:Assyrians of the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:Syriac Orthodox Church saints]]
[[Category:Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church saints]]
[[Category:1593 births]]
[[Category:1685 deaths]]
[[Category:Syrian archbishops]]
[[Category:17th-century Oriental Orthodox archbishops]]
[[Category:Wonderworkers]]
[[Category:People from Bakhdida]]

Baselios Yeldo - Revision history

imported>CommonsDelinker at 13:00, 10 August 2021