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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Infobox military conflict
|conflict=Battle of Gagron
|partof=Rajput-Malwa Sultanate wars
|image=
|caption=
|date=1519
|place=[[Gagron Fort|Gagron]], [[Malwa Sultanate]]
|result=[[Udaipur State|Mewar]]i victory, Sultan [[Mahmud Khalji II]] taken prisoner
|territory= Eastern [[Malwa]] and the forts of [[Ranthambore Fort|Ranthambore]] and [[Chanderi]] ceded to [[Rana Sanga]]<ref name="Chandra2004">{{cite book|last=Chandra|first=Satish|authorlink=Satish Chandra (historian)|title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals - Part One - Delhi Sultanat: (1206-1526)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5eFzeyjBTQC&pg=PA224|edition=3rd|year=2004|publisher=Har-Anand Publications|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-241-1064-5|page=224}}</ref><ref name="Khan2008">{{cite book|last=Khan|first=Iqtidar Alam|title=Historical Dictionary of Medieval India|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictionaryofmedievalindia/page/n149/mode/2up|year=2008|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-5503-8|page=126}}</ref>
|combatant1=[[File:Mewar.svg|25px]][[Rajput|Rajput Confederates]]
|combatant2=[[Malwa Sultanate]]<br/>[[Gujarat Sultanate]]
|commander1=[[Rana Sanga]]<br/>Rao Viramdeva<br/>[[Medini Rai]]
|commander2=Mahmud Khilji II{{POW}}<br/>Asaf Khan
|strength1=
|strength2=

}}

The '''Battle of Gagron''' was fought in 1519 between Sultan [[Mahmud Khalji II]] of [[Malwa Sultanate|Malwa]] and [[Rana Sanga]] of [[Udaipur State|Mewar]]. The conflict took place in [[Gagron Fort|Gagron]] (in the present-day [[India]]n state of [[Rajasthan]]) and resulted in Sanga's victory, with him taking Mahmud captive and annexing significant territory.

==Background==
Following the death of the Sultan of [[Malwa Sultanate|Malwa]], [[Nasir-ud-Din Khalji]], a succession struggle erupted amongst his sons. [[Mahmud Khalji II]] emerged victorious, primarily with the aid of the [[Rajput]] chief [[Medini Rai]]. The latter amassed considerable influence, resulting in the enmity of the [[Muslim]] nobles, with even the new sultan finding it necessary to appeal to [[Muzaffar Shah II]] of [[Gujarat Sultanate|Gujarat]]. A Gujarati army was dispatched to [[Mandu, Madhya Pradesh|Mandu]], held by Medini Rai's son, and besieged it. The Rajput chief in turn appealed to [[Rana Sanga]] of [[Udaipur State|Mewar]] for aid, who then marched his army into Malwa, reaching [[Salangpur, Gujarat|Sarangpur]]. However, Mandu was captured by the Gujaratis, prompting Sanga to return to Mewar alongside Medini Rai, who was then employed in his service.<ref name="Sandhu2003">{{cite book|last=Sandhu|first=Gurcharn Singh|title=A Military History of Medieval India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xi3cAAAAMAAJ|year=2003|publisher=Vision Books|page=386}}</ref>

==Battle==
In retribution for them entering his territory, Mahmud marshalled an army against the Mewaris and marched it through [[Gagron Fort|Gagron]].<ref name="Sandhu2003"/> Sanga advanced with a large army from [[Chittor]] reinforced by the [[Rathor]]s of [[Merta City|Merta]] under Rao Viramdeva, and met Mahmud, accompanied by the Gujarat auxiliaries under Asaf Khan. The Mewari cavalry made a charge through that of the Gujarati, with the surviving men scattering. They subsequently did the same to the Malwa army, resulting in a decisive victory. Mahmud was wounded and taken prisoner, with most of his officers having died and his army decimated. Asaf Khan's son was killed, though he himself managed to escape.<ref>Sarda, Bilas. Maharana Sanga: The Hindupat, the Last Great Leader of the Rajput Race. 1918. Reprint. London: Forgotten Books, 2013. 70-3. Print.</ref>

==Aftermath==
Sanga subsequently took control of Gagron, as well as the regions of [[Vidisha|Bhilsa]], [[Raisen]], Sarangpur, [[Chanderi]] and [[Ranthambore Fort|Ranthambore]]. Mahmud was kept captive at Chittor for 6 months, though the Rana himself is said to have personally tended to his wounds. He was subsequently allowed an "honourable" return to his own lands, though one of his sons remained at Mewar as a hostage. The Sultan later sent Sanga a jewelled belt and crown as gifts.<ref name="Hooja2006">{{cite book|last=Hooja|first=Rima|title=A History of Rajasthan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tosMAQAAMAAJ|year=2006|publisher=Rupa & Company|isbn=978-81-291-0890-6|page=450}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:History of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Battles involving the Rajputs|Gagron]]

Battle of Gagron - Revision history

CleanupBot at 05:49, 11 December 2022