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{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Battle of Nelliady
| partof = [[Eelam War I]] and the [[Sri Lankan Civil War]]
| image =
| caption =
| date = 5 July 1987
| place = [[Nelliady]], [[Jaffna District]], [[Sri Lanka]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|9|48|12.20|N|80|12|10.70|E|region:LK_type:edu|display=inline,title}}
| map_type = Sri Lanka Northern Province
| map_relief =
| map_size =
| map_marksize =
| map_caption = Location of base in [[Northern Province, Sri Lanka]]
| map_label = Nelliady Central College
| territory =
| result = LTTE tactical victory<br>SLA strategic victory
| combatants_header =
| combatant1 = {{flag|Sri Lanka}}
| combatant2 = [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]]
| commander1 = Gen [[Cyril Ranatunga]]
| commander2 = [[V. Prabhakaran]]
| units1 = [[Gemunu Watch]],<br>[[Sri Lanka Armoured Corps]]
| units2 = [[Black Tigers]]
| strength1 = ~150 troops
| strength2 = ~50 militants
| casualties1 = 19 killed<br>31 wounded<ref name="MoD1">{{cite book |title=Humanitarian Operation Factual Analysis July 2006 – May 2009 |publisher=Ministry Of Defence Democratic Socialist Republic Of Sri Lanka |url=http://slembassyusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/Sri-Lankan-Humanitarian-Operation-Factual-Analysis.pdf |access-date=9 September 2021}}</ref>
| casualties2 = 1 killed<br> 2 suicide bombers detonated
| notes =
| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Eelam War I}}
}}

The '''Battle of Nelliady''' took place during the early stages of the [[Sri Lankan Civil War]]. It occurred on 5 July 1987, when a force of 50 [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam|LTTE militants]] assaulted the [[Sri Lanka Army]] [[Military camp|Camp]] located in the [[Nelliady Madhya Maha Vidyalayam|Nelliady Central College]] in the town of [[Nelliady]] in the [[Jaffna District]] in northern [[Sri Lanka]]. The attack was the bloodiest battle for the Sri Lankan forces since the [[Vadamarachchi Operation]] in June 1987, which cleared the area of Nelliady of LTTE militants. The attack on Nelliady army camp resulted in the Sri Lankan forces suffering 19 killed and 31 wounded, while LTTE executed its first [[suicide bombing]] which was carried out by [[Captain Miller]].<ref name="MoD1"/><ref>{{cite book |last1=Chandraprema |first1=C. A. |title=Gota's War |date=2012 |publisher=Piyasiri Printing Systems |location=Colombo |pages=215-216}}</ref><ref>[http://www.island.lk/2002/02/01/featur01.html June '93 peace moves preceded stunning battlefield defeats]</ref>

== Background ==
With the escalation of the Sri Lankan Civil War, the Sri Lankan armed forces launched the [[Vadamarachchi Operation]] in June 1987 to encircle and destroy the LTTE leadership and militants in the [[Jaffna peninsula]]. LTTE had responded in the Eastern province with the [[Aranthalawa massacre]]. The offensive was stopped before completing its objectives with the intervention of India after it launched [[Operation Poomalai]] violating the territorial sovereignty Sri Lanka and pressured the Government of Sri Lanka to call off the offensive. The township of Nelliady was cleared of militants during the offensive and the Sri Lanka Army established a camp at the Nelliady Central College. Following the end of the Vadamarachchi Operation, the LTTE which had received a consignment of explosives from the Indian [[Research and Analysis Wing]] carried out several retaliatory attacks on the army, including detonating a landmine targeting an army truck carrying released detainees which killed the seven detainees and three soldiers as well as attacking the [[Sri Lanka Telecom|Telecommunications Department]] building in the [[Jaffna |Jaffna town]] with an improvised armoured truck laden with explosives. Part of the building collapsed following the explosion and a group of 50 militants attacked the defenders capturing three soldiers and several weapons.<ref name="Groundviews1">{{cite web |title=Operation Liberation: 25 years on |url=https://groundviews.org/2012/05/28/operation-liberation-25-years-on/#_ftn61 |website=groundviews.org |publisher=Groundviews |access-date=29 September 2021}}</ref><ref name="Wickremesekera">{{cite book |last1=Wickremesekera |first1=Channa |title=The Tamil Separatist War in Sri Lanka |date=2016 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781317293859 }}</ref>

Having captured Nelliady in the early days of the Vadamarachchi Operation, about 100 soldiers from the [[Gemunu Watch]] were stationed at the Nelliady camp and supported by an [[armoured reconnaissance]] [[troop]] from the [[Sri Lanka Armoured Corps]] equipped with an [[Alvis Saladin]] [[armored car (military)|armoured car]] and two [[Ferret armoured car|Ferret scout car]]s.<ref name="Wickremesekera"/>

== Attack ==
The soldiers at the Nelliady camp were relaxed as they believed that the area had been cleared of militants. Shortly after 8 pm, the camp came under intense mortar and rocket attack, with the militants who had moved into several abandon buildings next to the camp and were using it as cover for the attack. The main thrust of the attack was launch along the road leading to the camp in form of two explosive laden trucks. After clearing the roadblocks with rockets and [[rifle grenade]]s, the trucks were driven at speed to the camp. One truck overturned and exploded, while the other driving by [[Captain Miller|Miller]] hit the school and exploded destroying part of the school building and trapped many of the soldiers in the rubble. Several militants entered the camp and pressed the attack, with the soldiers offering stiff resistance. A sergeant and driver mounted the Saladin armoured car, before they could bring its 76 mm gun to bare, a [[Rocket-propelled grenade|RPG]] pernitrate the vehicle through the drivers viewing portal incinerating the sergeant, the driver, and knocking out the Saladin. The firefight went on for several hours as army reinforcements were delayed. Attempted to land reinforcements by helicopters failed due to heavy gun fire and reinforcements from road ran into a freshly laid [[mine field]]. With reinforcements arriving the militants retreated. While the troops cleared the ruble looking for bodies, the attack restarted with mortars and small arms fire.<ref name="Groundviews1"/><ref name="Wickremesekera"/>

== Aftermath ==
[[File:LTTE Black Tiger Commemoration Nelliady 2004.jpg|thumb|200px|LTTE "Black Tigers Day" commemoration, 5 July 2004, at Nelliady, Jaffna, Sri Lanka]]

The army officially claimed that it suffered 19 killed and 31 wounded in the attack. The LTTE claimed it lost 3 militants, including 2 suicide bombers and captured small arms, ammunition and a mortar launcher and killed up to 39-100 soldiers. [[V. Prabhakaran|Prabhakaran]] named Miller, [[Captain Miller]] and he was celebrated by the LTTE as the first [[Black Tigers|Black Tiger]] (suicide bomber) with 5 July celebrated each year by the LTTE with remembrances and major attacks. A few days later the militants fired mortars at Nelliady again, wounding ten more soldiers. On 11 July the army launched "Operation Clean Sweep" to flush out militants in the Vadamarachchi area in which it claimed to have killed 18 militants for the lose of 3 soldiers. On 29 July 1987 the [[Indo-Sri Lanka Accord]] was signed and on 30 July the lead elements of the [[54th Infantry Division (India)|54th Infantry Division]] of the [[Indian Army]] landed in Sri Lanka as part of what was to be the [[Indian Peace Keeping Force]].<ref name="Groundviews1"/><ref name="Wickremesekera"/>

== See also ==
*[[List of Sri Lankan Civil War battles]]
*[[Aranthalawa massacre]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Sri Lankan Civil War}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nelliady}}
[[Category:1987 in Sri Lanka]]
[[Category:Battles of Eelam War I]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1987]]
[[Category:History of Jaffna]]
[[Category:July 1987 events in Asia]]
[[Category:Mass murder in 1987]]
[[Category:Suicide bombings in Sri Lanka]]
[[Category:Suicide car and truck bombings in Asia]]
[[Category:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam attacks in Eelam War I]]
[[Category:Indian Peace Keeping Force]]
[[Category:Research and Analysis Wing]]

Battle of Nelliady - Revision history

Bot at 10:19, 12 August 2022