https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Battle_of_TiruvannamalaiBattle of Tiruvannamalai - Revision history2026-08-01T03:05:36ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tiruvannamalai&diff=162138&oldid=previmported>Aninahelaarg980 at 04:40, 21 August 20212021-08-21T04:40:08Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox military conflict<br />
| conflict = Battle of Tiruvannamalai<br />
| partof = the [[Anglo-Mysore Wars]]<br />
| image = Anglo-Mysore War 1 and 2.png<br />
| image_size = 300<br />
| caption = A map of the war theatre<br />
| date = 25 September 1767<br />
| place = South India<br />
| result = Decisive East India Company victory<br />
| territory = <br />
| combatant1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Mysore Hyder Ali & TipuSultan.jpg}} [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysore]]<br />
| combatant2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of the British East India Company (1707).svg}} [[East India Company]]<br />
| commander1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Mysore Hyder Ali & TipuSultan.jpg}} [[Hyder Ali]]<br />
| commander2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of the British East India Company (1707).svg}} Joseph Smith<br />
}}<br />
{{First Anglo-Mysore War}}<br />
<br />
The '''Battle of Tiruvannamalai''' is one of the two successful battles fought by the [[Madras Army]] in the [[Carnatic Wars|Carnatic]] along with the [[Battle of Chengam]]. It was fought on 25 September 1767 between the allied forces led by the East India Company and troops of Hyder Ali. The allied forces of the English army were led by Colonel Smith.<br />
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==Background==<br />
During the early eighteenth century, the entire Indian subcontinent was under the control of the [[Mughul Empire]],however after [[Bahadur Shah I]]'s death the empire started declining. The empire split among viceroys and other local rulers with bitter fight among each other.<ref>[[#Bowring|Bowring 1899]], pp. 19–23</ref> In the 1740s and 1750s French and British colonial companies became more active in these local conflicts, and by the [[Third Carnatic War]] (1757–1763), the British gained [[Bombay]], [[Madras]], and [[Calcutta]] and emerged single largest among other colonial powers. Their eastern holdings at Madras were strongly influenced by treaties with the [[Nawab of Carnatic]], [[Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah]], whose territory surrounded Madras. The other major powers in the east were the [[Nizam of Hyderabad]], formerly a vassal of the Mughul Empire but declared nominal independence in the 1720s, held in the 1760s by [[Ali Khan Asaf Jah II|Asaf Jah II]], and the [[Sultanate of Mysore]], which occupied the high plains between the [[Eastern Ghats|Eastern]] and [[Western Ghats]], the mountain ranges separating the coastal plains of India from the interior. Nominally ruled by the [[Wodeyar dynasty]], control of Mysore had in 1761 come into the hands of [[Hyder Ali]], a Muslim military leader.<ref>[[#Bowring|Bowring 1899]], p. 33</ref> Each of these powers intrigued with and against the others, and sought to draw the power of the French and British colonial companies to serve their objectives. The colonial powers sought to influence the local powers to gain either direct control of territory, or the revenues from territory nominally controlled by a local ruler beholden to them for financial and military support. Since European military training was significantly better than local practices, small numbers of disciplined European or European-trained forces could defeat significantly larger Indian armies composed mainly of poorly trained infantry and cavalry.<ref>[[#Duff|Duff 1878]], pp. 607–608</ref><br />
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==The battle==<br />
The Battle of Tiruvannamalai is one of the two successful battles fought by the [[Madras Army]] in the [[Carnatic Wars|Carnatic]] along with the [[Battle of Chengam]].<ref name=Tritton90/> The allied forces of Hyder Ali were invaded by the British Army under Colonel Smith in [[Chengam]] on 3 September 1767. The English Army had an upper hand in the battle. A second battle, the Battle of Tiruvannamalai took place on 25 September 1767 that lasted 2 days.<ref name=railway/><br />
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It was fought on 25 September 1767 between the troops of East India Company and troops of Hyder Ali. The allied forces of the English army was led by Colonel Smith.<ref name=Tritton90>[[#Tritton|Tritton 2013]], pp. 90-91</ref> The Nawab's army lost 4,000 men and 64 guns in the battle. After a brief tussle for a couple of years, [[Tipu Sultan]] captured [[Tiruvannamalai]].<ref name=railway>[[#railway|Illustrated guide to Southern Railway 1900]], p. 304</ref><br />
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After losing the battle, Hyder Ali offered peace with the British Army, which was denied. He then collated all his army and had another fight that led him close to capture of Madras within a distance of 5 miles. The British had a peace treaty during April 1769 with the status quo ante bellum. The treaty also laid terms for mutual aid and end of defensive alliance.<ref>[[#Tucker|Tucker 2009]], p. 794</ref><br />
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==Notes==<br />
{{reflist<br />
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| refs =<br />
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==References==<br />
{{refbegin|2}}<br />
* {{cite book|last=Bowring|first=Lewin|title=Haidar Alí and Tipú Sultán, and the Struggle with the Musalmán Powers of the South|publisher=Clarendon Press|year=1899|location=Oxford|oclc=11827326|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v80NAAAAIAAJ|ref=Bowring}}<br />
* {{cite book|last=Duff|first=James Grant|title=History of the Mahrattas, Volume 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tYscAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA652#v=onepage&f=false|work=The Times of India|year=1878|location=London and Bombay|oclc=23116888|ref=Duff}}<br />
* {{cite book|title=When the Tiger Fought the Thistle: The Tragedy of Colonel William Baillie of|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1yMBAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA90|publisher=The Radcliffe Press|year=2013|isbn=9780857722959|last=Tritton|first=Alan |ref=Tritton}}<br />
* {{cite book|title=Illustrated guide to the South Indian Railway: including the Mayavaram-Mutupet, and Peralam-Karaikkal railways|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_irg2AAAAMAAJ|quote=battle of tiruvannamalai.|year=1900|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_irg2AAAAMAAJ/page/n241 217]|publisher=[[Higginbotham's]]|ref=railway}}<br />
* {{cite book|title=A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East [6 volumes]: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h5_tSnygvbIC&pg=PA794|editor=Spencer C. Tucker|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2009|isbn=9781851096725|ref=Tucker}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
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{{British colonial campaigns}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
[[Category:Conflicts in 1767|Anglo-Mysore]]<br />
[[Category:History of Karnataka|Anglo-Mysore War, 1st]]<br />
[[Category:Wars involving Great Britain|Anglo-Mysore 1]]<br />
[[Category:Wars involving British India|Anglo-Mysore 1]]<br />
[[Category:Wars involving the Kingdom of Mysore|Anglo-Mysore 01]]<br />
[[Category:Wars involving the British East India Company|Ang]]<br />
[[Category:1767 in India]]</div>imported>Aninahelaarg980