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The '''Batwal''' are a [[Hindu]] [[caste]] found in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], and Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasathan in [[India]].<ref name="poi 82 89">People of India Punjab Volume XXXVII edited by I.J.S Bansal & Swaran Singh page 82 to 89 Manohar Publications</ref><ref name="poi 115 120">People of India Jammu and Kashmir Volume XXV edited by K.N Pandita, S.D.S Charak & B.R. Rizvi page 115 to 120 Manohar Publications</ref><br />
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== History ==<br />
The Batwal of Punjab trace their ancestry to the town of Batwal in the [[Kashmir Valley]], and the word Batwal in [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] means literally the inhabitant of Batmalu. Other traditions place their origin to the town of Batwal in [[Jammu]]. The community provided the traditional fighters of the [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] 337 BC. According to the community own tradition, the Batwal were forced to flee their settlements when India was attacked by [[Alexander the Great]]. Once the Greek armies retreated, the Batwal found that their neighbours had seized their lands, and they were forced to become village fighters to watchman.<br />
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In the [[Jammu region]], from where the Punjab Batwal claim to have originated, there are a number of traditions as their origin. One traditions refer to the fact that the Batwal were tied to the land by the [[Dogra]] landowners, and the word Batt in the [[Dogri language]] means someone who is bonded. They were for generations bonded to particular families of Dogras, and were practically [[serf]]s. The Batwal are found mainly in [[Kathua District|Kathua]], [[Jammu District|Jammu]] and [[Udhampur District|Udhampur]], Pathankot, Gurdaspur, Batala, Amritsar, Jalandhar, Ludhiana, Hoshiarpur, Chandigarh, Haryana, Dabwali, Kaithal, Mumbai, Surat and Ahmadabad in Gujrat, Kolkata.<ref name="poi 115 120"/><br />
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==Present Circumstances==<br />
Like other neighbouring Hindu communities, the Batwal are striucly [[exogamy|exogamous]], never marrying within the clan. The major clans include the Basae, a name derived from the [[Beas River]] and meaning those settled along the banks of that river, and the Chariya, i.e. those who were inhabitants of [[Shimla]]. Other clans include the Sindhi, Sandhu or Sundha, Targotra, Thage, Kaith, , Lahoria, Mandee,<br />
Nandan, Chanjotra, Mottan, Sargotra, Leander, Most Batwal in India have been strongly influenced by/and part of the [[Sindhis]], while some Batwals have come under the influence of other Hindu reformists.<ref name="poi 82 89" /> Like the Punjab Batwal, the Jammu Batwal community also consists of clans. Their main clans are the Nakodar and Kasim. The Batwal shares the customs and traditions of the locally dominant Sindhis ethnic group and speak Punjabi, Sindhi and Dogri languages.<ref name="poi 115 120" /><br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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{{Social groups of Jammu and Kashmir}}<br />
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[[Category:Social groups of Punjab, India]]<br />
[[Category:Social groups of Punjab, Pakistan]]<br />
[[Category:Punjabi tribes]]<br />
[[Category:Dalit communities]]<br />
[[Category:Social groups of Jammu and Kashmir]]<br />
[[Category:Scheduled Castes of Jammu and Kashmir]]</div>2409:4054:2009:9CBF:4DAF:6AC3:6003:9F52