>Citation bot at 01:41, 5 October 2021

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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bawana
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name = baba ka dara
| nickname = बुआणा
| settlement_type = city
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Delhi
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in India
| coordinates = {{coord|28.8|N|77.03|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Delhi]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[North West Delhi|North West]]
| established_title = 
| established_date = 1168 CE
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 213
| population_total = 23095
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[English language|English]]
| demographics1_title2 =
Local Dialect
| demographics1_info2 =
[[Haryanvi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 110039
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Bawana''' is a [[census town]] in the [[North West Delhi|North West district]] of [[Delhi]], [[India]]. It houses the [[Bawana Fortress of Jat Zail]] (also called Bawana Tehsil), a Zail headquarter built by the [[jat people|Jat]] [[Zaildar]] who were [[chaudhary]] (chief) of Bawana Zail, which was one of the four Zails of Delhi during [[British raj]] along with Zails of Mehrauli, Dilli, and Najafgarh.<ref name=JatZail1>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/bawana-s-19th-century-fortress-gets-a-makeover/story-wYj33O1MZVUs9kDyEawKIN.html Bawana’s 19th-century fortress gets a makeover] [[Hindustan Times]], 20 February 2017.</ref><ref name=JatZail2>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/photos/india-news/a-jail-a-school-and-an-orphanage-bawana-s-fortress-gets-another-makeover/photo-MnALg5tq9GtOs1MadSf5aM.html Bawana jail being restored], [[Hindustan Times]], 2017.</ref>

==Etymology==
Bawana was earlier called Bawana It received this name from the [[Hindi]] language words "bawan" (52) since this area was a group of 52 villages, 17 in Narela, 17 in Karala, 6 in Palam and 12 directly under Bawana, with 5,200 [[bigha]]s of agricultural land.<ref name=JatZail1/><ref name=JatZail7>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Delhi-traces-its-lost-rural-roots/articleshow/7250645.cms Delhi traces its lost rural roots], [[The Times of India]], 9 January 2011.</ref>

== {{anchor|Bawana Zail|Bawana Jail|Bawana Fortress|Bawana tehsil |Bawana Zail Fortress Jail}} History ==
'''Bawana Zail''' was established in 1860w during [[british raj]] in Bawana, and Bawana itself was established in 1168. of [[Taoru]] came to settle here, after spending some time in [[Mehrauli]], and they eventually influential enough to become [[chaudhary]] (chief) of the area. t [[Zaildar]] built the [[Bawana Fortress]] in the 1860s as the headquarter of Bawana [[Zail, British Indian|Zail]] (revenue unit) with 3 villages of Bawana, Alipur and Kanjhawala under its authority. It was one of the four Zails within colonial era Delhi district, along with Zails of Mehrauli, Dilli, and Najafgarh. Fortress has an arched gateway, a courtyard surrounded by corridors, has two rooms in the extreme corner on the left used as jail for the revenue defaulters who failed to [[zamindar]]i tax, and next to jail rooms a small staircase leads to the terrace with guard post bastions on all four corners. Old [[water well]] dried up and its [[Saline water|water also turned saline]]. In 1930-40s authorities started to use Bawana Zail Fortress as a school. Later it also served as a veterinary hospital for a short time before being used as an orphanage. In 1996-98 rule of Jat Chief Minister of Delhi, [[Sahib Singh Verma]], it was turned into the office of [[Patwari]], hence the zail fortress also came to be known as "Bawana Tehsil". Eventually, this run down building was abandoned, it saw minor restorations in 2004 and 2010 for the [[2010 Commonwealth Games]] in [[Delhi]] though the earlier 2004 plan to convert it into a monument for the [[List of Indian independence activists|Indian independence freedom fighters]] did not materialise. A major restoration eventually commenced in February 2017 using original construction material including the use of [[lakhori bricks]] and [[lime mortar]].<ref name=JatZail1/><ref name=JatZail2/>

{{Quote
|text = ''"From the zails of Bawana, Kanjhaola, and Alipur, 1,231 men went to the great war ([[World War I|first World War]], 1914-1919). Of these, 81 gave up their lives."''
|author = Archaeology department
|title =
|source = marble plaque on the entrance of Bawana Zail Fortress<ref name=JatZail1/><ref name=JatZail2/>
}}

==Geography==
Bawana has an average elevation of 213 metres (698 feet). It is surrounded by the villages of Nangal Thakran, Bajitpur, Daryapur, Majra Dabas, Pooth Khurd, Holabmi Khurd, Kheda Khurd, Holambi Kalan, Sultanpur Dabas and Ghogha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wikimapia.org/#lat=28.7939888&lon=77.0409393&z=13&l=0&m=b&search=bawana%2C%20delhi|title=Wikimapia - Let's describe the whole world!}}</ref> The area of the village under farming was 52000 ''bigha'', but now most of this land has been acquired by the Delhi Government for industrial use. Bawana, with its ''khadar'' soil, is very fertile, with a high water table due to the western [[Yamuna]] canal and the high density of ponds.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/node/20401 |title=Relocation pangs - India Environment Portal | News, reports, documents, blogs, data, analysis on environment & development | India, South Asia |publisher=India Environment Portal |date=29 September 2002 |accessdate=1 December 2016}}</ref> The climate in the region is extreme, with very high temperatures in the summer and almost zero level temperatures in the winter months.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imd.ernet.in/main_new.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=21 March 2005 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050320025144/http://www.imd.ernet.in/main_new.htm |archivedate=20 March 2005 }}</ref> J.J colony, a slum area inside [[Dilshad Colony]], is separated from Bawana by a canal.

Bawana is home to [[Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Industrial Park]], which is one of the best planned industrial areas of [[India]]. A 1500 MW natural gas power plant is also in construction in the area.<ref>{{cite web|author=Share on FacebookShare on Twitter |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/38182951.cms |title=Bawana stadium in Delhi to open in September|work=The Times of India|date=22 February 2003 |accessdate=1 December 2016}}</ref> A 20 MGD water treatment plant has also been set up in consideration of the water woes of this region. Bawana also hosts an Air Force Station and a CRPF Base Camp.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.soschildrensvillages.ca/where-we-help/asia/india/bawana/pages/default.aspx |title=SOS Children's Village Bawana (> Delhi) |publisher=Soschildrensvillages.ca |date=14 December 2012 |accessdate=1 December 2016}}</ref> The SOS children's village was awarded for being the best orphanage in Delhi.

==Demographics==
{{As of|2011}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/63922-bawana-delhi.html |title=Bawana City Population Census 2011 - Delhi |publisher=Census2011.co.in |accessdate=1 December 2016}}</ref> Bawana had a population of 73,680 of which 40,258 are males while 33,422 are females. Bawana has an average literacy rate of 71%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 77.22% of the males and 61.79% of females literate. 14.86% of the population is under 6 years of age.

== Politics ==

Originally a village of Delhi, Where every cast lives with peace and harmony. and it has a constituency in the [[Delhi]] [[Vidhan Sabha]]. Since 1993, when the [[Vidhan Sabha]] was re-constituted, the Bawana constituency has been reserved for [[Scheduled Castes]] and has been represented by Sh. Chandram ([[Bharatiya Janata Party]]) from 1993–1998, Sh.Surender Kumar ([[Indian National Congress]]) from 1998–2013, Sh. Gugan Singh([[Bharatiya Janata Party]]) from 2013–2015, Sh.Ved Prakash ([[Aam Aadmi Party]]) from 2015-2017 and currently held by Sh.Ram Chander ([[Aam aadmi Party|Aam Aadmi Party]]). It is a general seat for the [[Municipal Corporation of Delhi|MCD]], represented by Sh. Ishwar Singh, Sh. Narain Singh, Sh. Devendra Kumar Pony and presently held by Sh. Bharam Prakash of BJP.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dsiidc.org/dsidc/index.truesoft?fID%3Dindustry_area |title=Archived copy |accessdate=19 November 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114012032/http://www.dsiidc.org/dsidc/index.truesoft?fID=industry_area |archivedate=14 January 2009 }}</ref>

== Education ==
[[File:Delhimap.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Map of [[Delhi]] showing location of Bawana]]
It is one of the few places where the [[Delhi Public Library]] still runs and has been refurbished. There are many government schools, BS schools and a girl's college named [[Aditi Mahavidyalaya]] affiliated by the of [[Delhi University|University of Delhi]].

== Sports ==
The Rajiv Gandhi Stadium was built in the village, to attract sportsmen and sportswomen from rural Delhi. The area has produced notable sportsmen such as Satpal Pahalwan, who won the gold medal in Delhi Asiad games. Manjeet Sehrawat, who played hockey for Delhi and bagged silver in National Games 2010. Manjeet, who belongs to Dariyapur Kalan, has also attended the trial camp for Asia Cup in 2009. Pawan Sehrawat and Mohit Sehrawat who play kabaddi in Pro Kabaddi leagues.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/03/28/stories/2009032860090400.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021033521/http://www.hindu.com/2009/03/28/stories/2009032860090400.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 October 2013 |work=[[The Hindu]] |title=Archive News |date=2009-03-28 |accessdate=1 December 2016}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in North West Delhi district]]
[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Delhi]]
[[Category:District subdivisions of Delhi]]
[[Category:North West Delhi district]]

Bawana - Revision history

>Citation bot at 01:41, 5 October 2021