Delinker at 12:28, 31 July 2023

2023-07-31T12:28:59Z

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{{short description|Overview of beaches in Kerala}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
[[File:Muzhappilangad Drive-in Beach 2.jpg|thumbnail|[[Muzhappilangad Beach]] is the longest drive-in beach in [[Asia]]]]
[[File:01KovalamBeach&Kerala.jpg|thumb|right|[[Kovalam Beach]] in [[Trivandrum]] city]]
[[File:Bekalfortbeach.JPG|right|thumb|[[Bekal]] fort beach]]

'''Beaches in the''' [[India]]n state of '''Kerala''' are spread along the 550-km [[Arabian Sea]] coastline. Kerala is an [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] occupying the south-west corner of the subcontinent. The topography of the coastline is distinctive and changes abruptly as one proceeds from north to south. In the northern parts of Kerala, in places such as [[Bekal]], [[Thalassery]] and [[Kannur]], the headlands rise above the shore from the fringe of the [[beach]]es. The highlands are dotted with forts built by the [[colonialism|colonial powers]] – the Portuguese, the Dutch and the British. The view of the surrounding area is exquisite. From [[Kozhikode]], once the hub of the [[Malabar coast]], the view changes to flat lands with rocky outcroppings jutting out. One feature is common all through – the [[coconut]] tree in large numbers. Dense groves of coconut trees line the coast and extend to the interiors.<ref name = "Book">Ayub, Akber (ed), ''Kerala: Maps & More'', ''Coastal Circuit'', 2006 edition 2007 reprint, pp. 96-112, Stark World Publishing, Bangalore, {{ISBN|81-902505-2-3}}</ref>

==Tourism==
[[File:Kappad beach kerala.jpg|left|thumb|[[Kappad]] beach]]
[[File:Payyambalam Beach Back Water.jpg|left|thumbnail|Payyambalam beach, [[Kannur]]]]

[[File:Chaliyam Harbour, Calicut.jpg|left|thumbnail|Natural Harbour at [[Chaliyam]], [[Kozhikode]]]]
The long coastline of Kerala is inextricably entwined with the culture, life and traditions of the state. Memories of early seafarers and traders have faded, but boats of various types and styles have survived. Kerala's beaches, or [[Kovalam]] to be more specific, were rediscovered by back-packers and tan-seekers in the sixties.<ref name = "Book"/><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hinduonnet.com/mag/2005/06/19/stories/2005061900450800.htm | title = Ramparts by the Arabian Sea | access-date = 2008-01-08 | last = Govind | first = M.Harish | work = Magazine | publisher = The Hindu, 19 June 2005 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080120091323/http://www.hinduonnet.com/mag/2005/06/19/stories/2005061900450800.htm | archive-date = 20 January 2008 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Hordes of [[hippie]]s followed in the seventies. That started the transformation of the casual fishing village into a busy tourist destination.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kovalamhotels.com/ | title = Kovalam | access-date = 2008-01-07 | publisher = kovalam.hotels.com| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080102111500/http://www.kovalamhotels.com/| archive-date= 2 January 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref> In 2002, there were 66 hotels in Kovalam, and that too in a place that is just 16 km from the state capital [[Thiruvananthapuram]].<ref name = "Hindu1">{{cite web | url = http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mag/2002/07/28/stories/2002072800010100.htm | title = It's simple… No nature, no tourism | access-date = 2008-01-08 | last = Chandrasekhar | first = Hariharan | work = Metro Plus Coimbatore | publisher = The Hindu, 28 July 2002 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071226025310/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mag/2002/07/28/stories/2002072800010100.htm | archive-date = 26 December 2007 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

From a measly 29,000 overseas tourists visiting Kerala in 1979, the number rose to 225,000 in 2000<ref name = "Hindu1"/> and the number of tourists is growing rapidly. Foreign tourist arrivals in Kerala in 2006 was 428,534, an increase of 23.68% over the previous year. Domestic tourist arrivals were 6,271,724, an increase of 5.47% over the previous year.<ref name="Govt">{{cite web
|url=http://www.keralatourism.org/php/media/data/tourismstatistics/TS2006.pdf
|title=Tourist Statistics – 2006
|access-date=2008-01-08
|publisher=Kerala Tourism
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202193343/http://www.keralatourism.org/php/media/data/tourismstatistics/TS2006.pdf
|archive-date=2007-12-02
|url-status=dead
}}</ref> The ABC of Kerala tourism is [[ayurveda]], beaches, ([[Kerala Backwaters|backwater]]) canals.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/biz/2003/01/27/stories/2003012700140200.htm | title = Kerala opens the doors | access-date = 2008-01-08 | last = Parthasarathy | first = Anand | work = Business | publisher = The Hindu, 27 January 2003 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080120091328/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/biz/2003/01/27/stories/2003012700140200.htm | archive-date = 20 January 2008 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

While details of incoming tourists are not available, indications of a survey are that domestic tourists are high from Gujarat and Maharashtra both located on the west coast of India, and international tourists are mostly from Europe. Beaches were amongst the favourite destination of foreign tourists.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.hinduonnet.com/2006/01/20/stories/2006012019930400.htm| title = Week-long tourism survey launched| access-date = 2008-01-08| publisher = The Hindu, 20 January 2006| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080120091227/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2006/01/20/stories/2006012019930400.htm| archive-date = 20 January 2008| url-status = dead}}</ref>

Lying between north latitudes 8°18' and 12°48' .<ref>{{harvnb|Government of Kerala|2005}}.</ref> Kerala is well within the humid [[Equatorial climate|equatorial]] tropics. The mean annual temperatures range from 25.0–27.5 °C in the coastal lowlands.<ref>{{harvnb|Brenkert|Malone|2003|p=65}}.</ref> With 120–140 rainy days per year, Kerala is influenced by the seasonal heavy rains of the [[Monsoon#Southwest monsoon|southwest summer monsoon]].<ref>{{harvnb|Chacko|Renuka|2002|p=80}}.</ref>

==Tsunami==
[[Tsunami]] waves diffracted around the Indian peninsula, hitting Kerala on the west coast on the afternoon of 26 December 2004. The death toll in Kerala was 170 against 7,923 in neighbouring [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2202/stories/20050128004900400.htm | title = Rebuilding lives | access-date = 2008-01-08 | last = Menon | first = Parvathi | publisher = Frontline, 15–28 January 2005 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080120091318/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2202/stories/20050128004900400.htm | archive-date = 20 January 2008 | url-status = dead }}</ref> However, there was panic all around. In the Thiruvananthapuram area alone, 100,000 people were evacuated from coastal villages by the district administration and 57 relief camps were opened.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hinduonnet.com/2004/12/31/stories/2004123102410700.htm | title = Tsunami fear grips Kerala coast | access-date = 2008-01-08 | publisher = The Hindu, 31 December 2004 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080120091222/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2004/12/31/stories/2004123102410700.htm | archive-date = 20 January 2008 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

The tsunami created panic in the travel trade and hospitality sector with all beach resorts being declared out of bounds for the tourists. The beach resorts of Kovalam and Shanghumughom in the capital and other beaches south of Kovalam, which are usually crowded at that time of the year, became deserted. Domestic tourists and others who arrived unknowingly made a quick retreat after being alerted.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hinduonnet.com/2004/12/28/stories/2004122805420400.htm | title = Panic grips travel, hospitality sectors | access-date = 2008-01-08 | last = Radhakrishnan | first = S. Anil | work = Kerala | publisher = The Hindu, 28 December 2004 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080120091217/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2004/12/28/stories/2004122805420400.htm | archive-date = 20 January 2008 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

==Trinkets==
[[File:Kadaloondi puzha.jpg|left|thumbnail|[[Kadalundi River]] estuary beach]]
[[File:Kozhikode Beach Coastline.jpg|thumbnail|[[Kozhikode Beach]]]]
The fun of sea and sun bathing or watching the wave crash are not the only attractions of beaches. There is a belief that a dip in waters of Papanasam Beach at Varkala, of Trivandrum district, 40 km north of [[Trivandrum]] city, washes away sins (papam). Priests from the 2,000-year-old Janardhana temple are there to assist believers to perform the rituals. The main bell of the temple was presented by the Dutch captain of a sailing ship in the 17th century. Comparatively lower hotel tariffs and cheap food draw in European backpackers and domestic tourists with lower budget to the place.<ref name = "Book"/>

The Portuguese explorer [[Vasco Da Gama]] landed at [[Kappkadavu]] (Kappad), a small coastal village in the [[Kozhikode district]], on 27 May 1498, thereby marking the opening of a sea route from Europe to India. A plaque on the beach commemorates the arrival. [[Kozhikode]] was earlier visited by [[Marco Polo]] (1254-1324) and [[Ibn Battuta]] (1304-1368 or 1377).<ref>Ayub, Akber (ed), p.52</ref>

There is a [[Hindu]] burial ground near [[Payyambalam]] Beach, 2 km from Kannur town. The remains of Communist leaders such as [[A. K. Gopalan]] and [[E. K. Nayanar]] are interred there.<ref name = "Book"/>

Many resorts offer [[Ayurveda]] treatment to tourists. The state government has laid down strict standards to streamline the systems and is monitoring their activities As a result, several Ayurvedic centres were closed down as they did not conform to the norms.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/businessline/2000/07/13/stories/111302c4.htm
|title=Going beyond God's own country
|access-date=2008-01-08
|last=Mathew
|first=Mony K.
|publisher=The Hindu Business Line, 13 July 2000
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080120021123/http://www.hinduonnet.com/businessline/2000/07/13/stories/111302c4.htm
|archive-date=20 January 2008
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>

Several hundred volunteers representing various organisations joined hands to clean up the Shanghumughom and Kovalam beaches as part of a campaign to observe International Coastal Clean-up Day on 16 September 2007. International Coastal Clean-up Day is an annual worldwide event organised by the United Nations Environment Programme and the South Asia Cooperative Environment Programme since 1986. Thousands of volunteers across the world have cleared over 45 million kg of trash from 2,73,000 km of beaches and inland waterways.<ref>{{cite news | url =http://www.hindu.com/2007/09/15/stories/2007091562440300.htm | title = Beaches to get new look| access-date = 2008-01-08 | location=Chennai, India | date=2007-09-15| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080120132345/http://www.hindu.com/2007/09/15/stories/2007091562440300.htm| archive-date= 20 January 2008 | work =[[The Hindu]] | url-status= dead}}</ref>

==Popular beaches in Kerala==
{{wide image|SeaFromBakel.jpg|1000px|Panoramic view from inside [[Bekal Fort]], which is also the largest fort in Kerala, and the surrounded beach}}
[[File:Alleppey beach.jpg|right|thumb|[[Alappuzha Beach]]]]
[[File:Kollam, Kerala.jpg|right|thumb|3 km long [[Kollam Beach]] is the second longest beach in Kerala]]
[[File:Thekkumbhagam Estuary, Paravur.jpg|right|thumb|Huge crowd at [[Thekkumbhagam|Thekkumbhagam-Kappil Beach]] in [[Paravur, Kollam|Paravur]]]]
[[File:Golden Beach of Nadal.jpg|right|thumb|Golden beach at Nadal, [[Kannur]]]]
*[[Alappuzha Beach]]
*[[Bekal]]
*[[Ponnani]]
*[[Tanur, Malappuram|Tanur]]
*[[Kadalundi]]
*[[Chavakkad Beach]]
*[[Cherai Beach]]
*[[Kappad]]
*[[Kozhikode Beach]]
*[[Kappkadavu]]
*[[Kollam Beach]]
*[[Kovalam]]
*[[Marari Beach]]
*[[Meenkunnu Beach]]
*[[Munakkal Beach]]
*[[Mundakkal Beach]]
*[[Muzhappilangad Beach]]
*[[Thekkumbhagam|Thekkumbhagam-Kappil Beach]]
*[[Payyambalam Beach]]
*[[Shankumugham Beach]]
*[[Snehatheeram Beach]]
*[[Thirumullavaram Beach]]
*[[Varkala Beach]]
*[[Somatheeram Beach]]
*[[Kannur Beach]]
*[[Payyoli Beach]]

==Development==
The total revenue created by tourism in 2006 was [[Rs.]] 912.6 billion.<ref name="Govt"/> This has in turn inspired the Government to spend more on tourism. The beaches of Kerala are ready to look prettier, with the Kerala Tourism launching a Rs. 1,000 million plan for the development of 22 beaches, including Kovalam, [[Alappuzha Beach|Alappuzha]], [[Nattika]], [[Cherai Beach|Cherai]], [[Muzhappilangad Beach|Muzhappilangad]], Bekal and [[Kappkadavu|Kappad]]. The beach conservation and development works will be completed by the 2008 year-end tourism season.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.keralatourism.org/index.php?zone=4&menu=19&issue=173&news=1207&cat=0 | title = 22 Beaches in the state to the spruced up| access-date = 2008-01-08 | work = News Bytes For You | publisher = Kerala Tourism Issue 173, 1 January 2008| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080120095936/http://www.keralatourism.org/index.php?zone=4&menu=19&issue=173&news=1207&cat=0| archive-date= 20 January 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref>

==External links==
{{commons category|Beaches of Kerala}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Kerala topics}}
{{Waters of Kerala}}

[[Category:Beaches of Kerala|*]]
[[Category:Lists of beaches in India]]

Beaches in Kerala - Revision history

Delinker at 12:28, 31 July 2023