>Acad Ronin at 00:05, 20 May 2020

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| Ship country=Great Britain
| Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Kingdom of Great Britain|civil}}
|Ship name= ''Berwick''
|Ship namesake=[[Berwick-upon-Tweed]]
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=David Glass & John Wood, [[Kolkata|Calcutta]]
|Ship owner=*1795:McTaggart
*1798:Daniels
|Ship launched=21 September 1795{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=224}}
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|Ship fate= Wrecked 30 June 1827
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|Ship type=
|Ship tons burthen=420,{{Sfnp|House of Commons|1814|p=627}}{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=224}} or 426,<ref name=LR1810/> or 454<ref name=LR1826/> (post 1821 repair) ([[Builder's Old Measurement|bm]])
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|Ship complement=60<ref name=LoM/>
|Ship armament=8 × 4-pounder guns<ref name=LoM/>
|Ship notes=Teak-built
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==Career==
''Berwick'' was launched at Calcutta in 1795. She made three voyages for the British [[East India Company]]. On her maiden voyage, which was under the auspices of the EIC, she carried rice from Bengal for the British government to alleviate grain shortages in England. When she arrived in England she changed her registry to that of Great Britain. Between her second and third voyages for the EIC ''Berwick'' was a [[West Indiaman]], sailing primarily to Barbados. In the 1820s she sailed to [[Van Diemen's Land]]. She made her third voyage for the EIC in 1825. She was wrecked in 1827 on a return voyage from India.

===1st EIC voyage (1795–1796)===
Captain John McTaggart sailed from [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] on 23 November 1795. ''Berwick'' was at [[Diamond Harbour]] on 20 January 1796. She reached [[Saint Helena|St Helena]] on 25 April, Falmouth on 19 June, and Plymouth on 24 June. She arrived at Long Reach on 8 July.<ref name=BL>[http://searcharchives.bl.uk/IAMS_VU2:IAMS045-001114625 British Library: ''Berwick'' (2).]</ref> She carried rice on behalf of the British government which was importing grain to address high prices for wheat in Britain following a poor harvest.

{{See also|Transport vessels for the British Government's importation of rice from Bengal (1795–1796)}}

''Berwick'' first appeared in ''[[Lloyd's Register]]'' (''LR'') with McTaggart master and owner, with her master changing to Wauchope, and trade London–India.<ref name=LR1796>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015004281229?urlappend=%3Bseq=61 ''LR'' (1796), "B" supple. pages.]</ref>

===2nd EIC voyage (1796-197)===
Captain William Wauchope acquired a [[letter of marque]] on 28 June 1796.<ref name=LoM>{{cite web|url=http://www.1812privateers.org/Great%20Britain/marque1793-1815.pdf|title=Letter of Marque, p.52 - accessed 25 July 2017.|publisher=|access-date=27 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020052005/http://www.1812privateers.org/Great%20Britain/marque1793-1815.pdf|archive-date=20 October 2016|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> ''Berwick'' was admitted to the Registry of Great Britain on 29 August.{{Sfnp|House of Commons|1814|p=627}} Captain Wauchope sailed from Portsmouth on 21 October 1796, bound for [[Chennai|Madras]]. ''Berwick'' arrived at Madras on 2 February 1797. She was at Trincomalee on 13 April and the [[Cape of Good Hope]] on 7 July. She reached St Helena on 3 August and arrived at Gravesend on 28 October.<ref name=BL/>

On her return from India, ''Berwick'' became a West Indiaman.{{Sfnp|House of Commons|1814|p=627}} ''Lloyd's Register'' for 1798 showed her master changing from Wauchope to William Welch, her owner from McTaggart to Daniels, and her trade from London–India to London–Barbados.<ref>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015004281211?urlappend=%3Bseq=46 ''LR'' (1798), Seq1.№B96.]</ref>

''[[Lloyd's List]]'' (''LL'') reported on 13 December 1805 that ''Berwick'', Welsch, master, had sunk in Ramsgate harbour.<ref>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c2735022?urlappend=%3Bseq=208 ''LL'' №4279.]</ref> A report about six weeks later stated that she had grounded, but had been gotten off and had returned to the Thames.<ref>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c2735022?urlappend=%3Bseq=231 ''LL'' №4291.]</ref>

''Lloyd's Register'' for 1810 showed ''Berwick''{{'}}s master changing from Wason to Griffith. Her owner was still Daniels and her trade London–Barbados. She had undergone a thorough repair in 1806.<ref name=LR1810>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015005676393?urlappend=%3Bseq=64 ''LR (1810), Seq.№164.]</ref>

On 21 March 1809 ''Lloyd's List'' reported that ''Berwick'', Griffiths, master, had not been heard from since separating on 18 December from the fleet from Barbados. A week later ''Lloyd's List'' reported that ''Berwick'', Griffiths, master, had been captured and taken into Guadeloupe.<ref>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c2735024?urlappend=%3Bseq=57 ''LL'' №4339.]</ref> Several weeks after that, ''Lloyd's List'' reported that she had arrived at Jamaica on 13 February 1809.<ref>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c2735024?urlappend=%3Bseq=69 ''LL'' №4345.]</ref>

On 22 December 1810 ''Berwick'' put into Portsmouth. She had been bound for Barbados but had sprung a leak.<ref>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c2735024?urlappend=%3Bseq=421 ''LL'' №4522.]</ref>

''Lloyd's Register'' for 1820 showed her master changing from S. Compton to W. Tyler. She had undergone a repair in 1811. Her owner was still Daniels and her trade London–Barbados.<ref>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015005686830?urlappend=%3Bseq=72 ''LR'' №190.]</ref>

On 4 February 1821 ''Berwick'', Tyler, master, was at {{coord|48|N|24|W}} having lost her rudder, boats, bulwarks and maintopmast. She was proceeding with a jury-rigged rudder.<ref>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c2735031?urlappend=%3Bseq=70 ''LL'' №5571.]</ref> She was sailing from [[Demerara]] to London. She underwent repairs in 1821.

''Lloyd's Register'' for 1825 showed ''Berwick'' with R. Jeffrey, master, W.C. Hurry and Co., owner, and trade London–Van Diemen's Land.<ref>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015005691889?urlappend=%3Bseq=84 ''LR'' (1825), Seq.№B193.]</ref> She had been making the run between London and Van Diemen's Land for some time. She had left Gravesend on 6 December 1822 and had arrived in Hobart Town on 21 June 1823. She carried passengers, and delivered some Merino sheep.

The ''Oriental Herald and Colonial Review'' reported that Captain Jeffrey and ''Berwick'' had stopped at [[Tristan da Cunha]] on 25 March 1823 on her way to Van Diemen's Land. She had found it now had a population of 17, or 22 men and three women (accounts differ), and the leadership of a former British artillery corporal. It was well supplied with domestic animals and grew its own produce and potatoes. Its leader traded with the Cape of Good Hope in a small schooner, delivering seal skins and elephant-seal oil.<ref>''Oriental Herald and Colonial Review'' (May–August 1824), Vol. 2, p.135.</ref><ref name=AJ>''Asiatic Journal'' (March 1824), Vol. 17, p.298.</ref>

On 7 July, after her arrival, several steerage passengers sued Jeffrey for inadequate accommodations, lack of access to the deck, and water shortages. The court found in their favor and required Jeffrey to pay damages ranging from £8-£20 relative to a per person charge for the voyage of around £40.<ref>[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/1089934 '' Hobart Town Gazette and Van Diemen's Land Advertiser'', 26 July 1823, p.2.]</ref><ref name=AJ/>

===EIC voyage #3 (1825)===
''Lloyd's Register'' for 1826 showed ''Berwick'' with T. Eilbeck, master, J. Grieg, owner, and trade London–India.<ref name=LR1826>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015065537832?urlappend=%3Bseq=79 ''LR'' (1826), Seq.№Bq95.]</ref>

''Berwick'' left [[The Downs (ship anchorage)|the Downs]] on 7 June 1825. She arrived at the New Anchorage on 9 November and at Calcutta on 17 November.<ref>[http://searcharchives.bl.uk/IAMS_VU2:IAMS045-001114626 British Library: ''Berwick'' (2).]</ref>

==Loss==
''Berwick'' was wrecked on 30 June 1827 at Plettenberg Bay, South Africa, as she was sailing from [[Thalassery|Tellicherry]] and Bombay for London. Captain Eilbeck, the Second Officer, the carpenter, and twelve seamen drowned.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Naval Intelligence |newspaper=The Liverpool Mercury |date=12 October 1827 |issue=855 }}</ref>{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=224}}

==Citations and references==
'''Citations'''
{{reflist|30em}}
'''References'''
*{{cite book |last=Hackman |first=Rowan |year=2001 |title=Ships of the East India Company |location=Gravesend, Kent |publisher=World Ship Society |isbn=0-905617-96-7}}
* {{cite book |author=House of Commons, Parliament, Great Britain |year=1814 |title=Minutes of the Evidence Taken Before the Select Committee on Petitions Relating to East-India-Built Shipping |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |ref={{SfnRef|House of Commons|1814}}}}

{{1827 shipwrecks}}

[[Category:1795 ships]]
[[Category:British ships built in India]]
[[Category:Ships of the British East India Company]]
[[Category:Age of Sail merchant ships of England]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in June 1827]]

Berwick 1795 ship - Revision history

>Acad Ronin at 00:05, 20 May 2020