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{{original research|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bettiah
| other_name =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Shiv Temple and Sagar Pokhra
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = India Bihar
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bihar, India
| coordinates = {{coord|26|48|05|N|84|30|10|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[West Champaran district|West Champaran]]
| established_title = 
| established_date = 1244 AD
| founder = Gangeshwar Dev
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Municipal corporation]]
| governing_body = Bettiah Municipal corporation
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 24
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 65
| population_total = 309379
| population_as_of = 2020
| population_footnotes = as estimated
| population_urban = 434426
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank = 14th(as in 2011)in Bihar
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=23 March 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Additional official
| demographics1_info2 = [[Urdu]]<ref name="langoff"/>
| demographics1_title3 = Regional
| demographics1_info3 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Bhojpuri |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/bho |website=Ethnologue |access-date=8 September 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 845438
| area_code = 06254
| area_code_type =
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-BR]]
| registration_plate = BR-22
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = 53% male : 47% female [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| website = {{URL|westchamparan.bih.nic.in/}}
| footnotes =
| unemployment_rate =
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Paschim Champaran (Lok Sabha constituency)|Paschim Champaran/was before Bettiah]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Bettiah (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bettiah]]
}}
'''Bettiah''' is a city and administrative headquarters of [[West Champaran district]] ([[Tirhut Division]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in/Default.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316011819/http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in/|url-status=dead|title=Tirhut Division|archive-date=16 March 2015|website=tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in}}</ref> - ([[Tirhut]]), near Indo-Nepal border, {{convert|225|km}} north-west of [[Patna]], in [[Bihar]] state of India.

==History==
In 1244 A.D., Gangeshwar Dev, a [[Bhumihar Brahmin]] of "Jaitharia" clan, settled at Jaithar in Champaran.<ref name="Lethbridge 2005 584">{{cite book |last1=Lethbridge |first1=Sir Roper |title=The Golden Book of India: A Genealogical and Biographical Dictionary of the Ruling Princes, Chiefs, Nobles, and Other Personages, Titled Or Decorated of the Indian Empire |date=2005 |publisher=Aakar Books |isbn=978-81-87879-54-1 |page=67 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7iOsNUZ2MXgC&q=gangeshwar |access-date=19 January 2020 |language=en}}</ref> One of his descendants, Agar Sen, acquired large territory in the reign of [[Emperor Jehangir]] and was bestowed the title of 'Raja' by Emperor [[Shah Jahan]]. In 1659, he was succeeded by his son Raja Guj Singh, who built the palace of the family at Bettiah. He died in 1694 A.D. The palace stands today but serves as marketplace.

In 1765, when the [[East India Company]] acquired the ''[[Diwani]]'', Bettiah Raj held the largest territory under its jurisdiction.<ref name="Ram 1998">{{cite book
| first = Bindeshwar
| last = Ram
| title = Land and society in India: agrarian relations in colonial North Bihar
| publisher = [[Orient Blackswan]]
| year = 1998
| isbn = 978-81-250-0643-5
}}</ref> It consisted of all of [[Champaran]] except for a small portion held by the Ram Nagar Raj (also held by [[Bhumihar]] family).<ref name="Ram 1998" />

[[Maharaja Sir Harendra Kishore Singh]] was the last king of [[Bettiah Raj]].<ref name="Lethbridge 2005 584" /> He was born in 1854 and succeeded his father, the late Maharaja Rajendra Kishore Singh Bahadur in 1883. In 1884, he received the title of Maharaja Bahadur as a personal distinction and a Khilat and a sanad from the hands of the Lieutenant [[Governor of Bengal]], Sir Augustus Rivers Thompson. He was created a [[Order of the Indian Empire|Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire]] on 1 March 1889. He was appointed a member of the Legislative Council of Bengal in January 1891. He was also a member of [[The Asiatic Society]] He was the last ruler of [[Bettiah Raj]]. [[Maharaja Sir Harendra Kishore Singh| Maharaja Sir Harendra Kishore Singh Bahadur]] died heirless on 26 March 1893, leaving behind two widows, Maharani Sheo Ratna Kunwar and Maharani Janki Kunwar.
There are a few institutes named for queen Maharani Janki Kunwar, such as M.J.K College and M.J.K Hospital.
The Bettiah Gharana was one of the oldest style of vocal music.<ref name="The Times of India">{{cite news
| url = http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2001-10-13/patna/27225936_1_macay-bettiah-gharana
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121023131144/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2001-10-13/patna/27225936_1_macay-bettiah-gharana
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 23 October 2012
| title = Many Bihari artists ignored by SPIC MACAY
| work = [[The Times of India]]
| date = 13 October 2001
| access-date = 16 March 2009
}}</ref> [[Madhuban]] was part of the erstwhile 'Bettiah Raj'. Internal disputes and family quarrels divided the Bettiah Raj in course of time. Madhuban Raj was created as a consequence.

A section of [[Dhrupad]] singers of dilli gharana ([[Delhi Gharana]]) from [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperor [[Shah Jahan]]’s court had migrated to Bettiah under the patronage of [[Bettiah Raj]] and thus was sown the seed of Bettiah Gharana.<ref name="The Times of India" /> The famous [[Younger Dagar Brothers|Dagar]] brothers had praised the Bettiah [[Dhrupad]] singers and some of them were invited to the [[Bharat Bhavan]] in [[Bhopal]] to perform with other accomplished singers in 1990.<ref name="The Times of India" />

On 26 December 2020, Bettiah became a municipal corporation.<ref>{{cite news |title=पश्चिम चंपारण में बेतिया बना नगर निगम, अब नागरिक सुविधाओं में होगा इजाफा |url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/muzaffarpur-bettiah-becomes-municipal-corporation-in-west-champaran-now-civic-amenities-will-increase-21206845.html |access-date=29 March 2021 |work=Dainik Jagran |date=26 December 2020 |language=hi}}</ref>

==Geography==
===Climate===
The climate of Bettiah is characterised by high temperatures and high precipitation especially during the [[monsoon]] season. The [[Köppen Climate Classification]] sub-type for this climate is "[[Humid subtropical climate|Cfa]]" (Humid Subtropical Climate).
{{Weather box
|location = Bettiah
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|Jan mean F = 61.1
|Feb mean F = 65.6
|Mar mean F = 75.5
|Apr mean F = 84.6
|May mean F = 89
|Jun mean F = 89
|Jul mean F = 85.3
|Aug mean F = 84.4
|Sep mean F = 84.1
|Oct mean F = 79.9
|Nov mean F = 71.4
|Dec mean F = 63.3
|year mean F = 77.8
|Jan high F = 73.9
|Feb high F = 79.4
|Mar high F = 90.3
|Apr high F = 99.1
|May high F = 101.7
|Jun high F = 99
|Jul high F = 92.3
|Aug high F = 91.1
|Sep high F = 91.9
|Oct high F = 90.1
|Nov high F = 84.6
|Dec high F = 76.2
|year high F = 89.1
|Jan low F = 48.3
|Feb low F = 51.9
|Mar low F = 60.9
|Apr low F = 70.2
|May low F = 76.2
|Jun low F = 79.1
|Jul low F = 78.3
|Aug low F = 77.8
|Sep low F = 76.3
|Oct low F = 69.8
|Nov low F = 58.2
|Dec low F = 50.4
|year low F = 66.5
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.5
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.5
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.4
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.7
|May precipitation inch = 1.8
|Jun precipitation inch = 7.7
|Jul precipitation inch = 14.9
|Aug precipitation inch = 14
|Sep precipitation inch = 8.9
|Oct precipitation inch = 2.6
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.2
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.2
|year precipitation inch = 52.4
|precip days colour = green
|Jan precipitation days = 1.4
|Feb precipitation days = 1.1
|Mar precipitation days = 1.1
|Apr precipitation days = 1.0
|May precipitation days = 2.1
|Jun precipitation days = 5.4
|Jul precipitation days = 10.9
|Aug precipitation days = 11.9
|Sep precipitation days = 7.3
|Oct precipitation days = 2.4
|Nov precipitation days = 0.6
|Dec precipitation days = 0.7
|year precipitation days = 45.7
|Jand sun = 11.1
|Febd sun = 11.7
|Mard sun = 12.4
|Aprd sun = 13.2
|Mayd sun = 13.9
|Jund sun = 14.2
|Juld sun = 14.1
|Augd sun = 13.5
|Sepd sun = 12.7
|Octd sun = 11.9
|Novd sun = 11.2
|Decd sun = 10.9
|yeard sun = 12.6
|source 1 = Weatherbase<ref name=Weatherbase>
{{cite web
|url = http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=595639&cityname=Bettiah-Bihar-India
|publisher = Weatherbase
|title = Weatherbase.com
|year = 2015
|url-status = live
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075655/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=595639&cityname=Bettiah-Bihar-India
|archive-date = 4 March 2016
|df = dmy-all
}}
Retrieved on 27 August 2015.
</ref>
}}

==Connectivity==
Bettiah is connected to different cities of India through railways and roadways. [[Bettiah railway station]] is the main railway station serving the city. Direct trains are available to all the major destinations like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Guwahati, Ahemdabad, Lucknow, Jaipur, Jammu & Katra, etc. National Highway 727 and State Highway 54 passes through the city. A new road has been built via Nautan, Mangalpur to Gopalganj.
A new four lane NH 139 W proposed to connect Bettiah-Patna via Areraj. The nearest airport is located in [[Gorakhpur]] which is about 145 km (90 mi) from Bettiah.

==Demographics==
As of [[2011 Indian Census]], Bettiah NP had a total population of 132,209, of which 69,529 were males and 62,680 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 18,995. The total number of literates in Bettiah was 91,298, which constituted 69.1% of the population with male literacy of 72.7% and female literacy of 64.9%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Bettiah was 80.6%, of which male literacy rate was 85.0% and female literacy rate was 75.8%. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] population was 8,266 and 828 respectively. Bettiah had 24463 households in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Bettiah |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=246432 |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |access-date=5 December 2019}}</ref>

The effective literacy (literacy of people above the age of 7) was 80.89.<ref name="CensusUA">{{cite web |title=Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above |url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=29 March 2021}}</ref> The urban agglomeration includes Bettiah (municipal corporation), Tola Mansaraut (census town), Kargahia Purab (census town) and Hat Saraiya (census town).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_4_PR_UAs_1Lakh_and_Above_Appendix.pdf | title = Constituents of urban Agglomerations Having Population 1 Lakh & above | work = Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 | access-date = 16 April 2012 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160306023808/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_4_PR_UAs_1Lakh_and_Above_Appendix.pdf | archive-date = 6 March 2016 | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
Tola San Saraiyan new town aided village. The new Gopalganj-Bettiah Road passed through this new town aided village. Through this new road a distance of {{cvt|60|km}} become shorten for Gopalganj-Bettiah.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Arun |title=Need to shun politics for Bihar's growth: Nitish |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/patna/need-to-shun-politics-for-bihar-s-growth-nitish/story-SdK0tTexQ1HFrmAsgvfJOK.html |access-date=2 April 2021 |work=Hindustan Times |date=14 March 2016 |language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
===Schools===
*[[St. Xavier's Higher Secondary School, Bettiah]]
*[[Khrist Raja High School, Bettiah]]
*St. Joseph's School, Bettiah<ref>
{{Cite web|url=http://stjosephbth.com/|title=St. Joseph's School Bettiah|access-date=2021-05-01}}</ref>
*Assembly of God Church School, Bettiah<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.agcsbth.in/|title=AGCS|access-date=2021-05-01}}</ref>
*St. Michael's Academy, Bettiah<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.stmichaelsbth.com/|title=St. Michael's Academy Bettiah|access-date=2021-05-03}}</ref>
*St. Teresa's Girls' Senior Secondary School, Bettiah<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stteresabettiah.com/|title=ST. TERESA'S-GIRLS SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL, BETTIAH|access-date=2021-05-05}}</ref>
*Alok Bharati Shikshan Sansthan English Medium School, Bettiah<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.alokbhartibettiah.com/|title=Alok Bharati English Medium School|access-date=2021-06-28}}</ref>
*St. Mary/Remijius High School, Bettiah<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stremijius.online/|title=www.stremijius.online|access-date=2021-06-28}}</ref>
*[[Notre Dame Public School]]
*R.L international School, Bettiah<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rlinternationalschool.com/|title=R.L International School|access-date=2021-07-06}}</ref>
*Kendriya Vidyalaya, Bettiah<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://betiah.kvs.ac.in/|title=Home{{!}} KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA BEIA|access-date=2021-05-19}}</ref>

===Colleges===
*[[Government Medical College, Bettiah]]
*[[Government Engineering College, West Champaran]]
*Maharani Janki Kunwar College, Bettiah<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mjkcollege.ac.in/|title=Welcome to Official Web Portal of Maharani Janki Kunwar College, Bettiah|access-date=2021-05-01}}</ref>
*Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav College, Bettiah
*Gulab Memorial College, Bettiah
*MRRG College, Bettiah<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mrrgcollege.in/|title=mrrg college|access-date=2021-05-19}}</ref>
*MNM Mahila College, Bettiah
*St. Teresa Primary Teachers Training College, Bettiah<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.saintteresapted.info/|title=St. Teresa's Primary Teacher's Education College Bettiah|access-date=2021-06-28}}</ref>
*Chanakya College of Education, Bettiah<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chanakyacollegebth.com/|title=Chanakya College of Education, Bettiah|access-date=2021-05-03}}</ref>
*Raj Inter College, Bettiah<ref>https://xn--11bunzmsdr5h2fbz.com/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE/Alpaha/30.1.137/Raj_Inter_College_Bettiah/1654964734549271/</ref>

==Notable people==

* [[Manoj Bajpai]], Indian film actor
* [[Prakash Jha]], Indian film producer, director, and screenwriter
* [[Renu Devi]], first female and 7th Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar
* [[Sanjay Jaiswal]], politician and president of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], Bihar
* [[Krishna Kumar Mishra]], former member of Legislative assembly, Chanpatia (Bihar)
* [[Vikas Mishra (economist)|Vikas Mishra]], former Vice-Chancellor, [[Kurukshetra University]]
* [[Gopal Singh Nepali]], [[Hindi literature|Hindi]] poet and Bollywood lyricist
* [[Gauri Shankar Pandey]], former member of Legislative assembly, Bettiah (Bihar)
* [[Kedar Pandey]], 14th Chief Minister of Bihar
* [[Raj Kumar Shukla]], [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence activist]]

==See also==
*[[Bettiah Raj]]
*[[Bettiah Christians]]
*[[List of cities in Bihar]]
*[[Champaran Satyagraha]]
*[[Paschim Champaran (Lok Sabha constituency)]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://westchamparan.bih.nic.in/ West Champaran Information Portal]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150316011819/http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in/ Official Website of Tirhut Division]
* [http://gisbettiah.in/ Galaxy International School Bettiah-GEG Group]

{{Tirhut Division}}

* [http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/157-bettiah.html Bettiah City Population Census 2011-2019 | Bihar]

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in West Champaran district]]

Bettiah - Revision history

CleanupBot at 03:32, 11 December 2022