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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Native language of the people of Bhaderwah, Jammu and Kashmir}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox language<br />
| name = Bhadarwahi<br />
| nativename = 𑚡𑚛𑚶𑚤𑚦𑚭𑚩𑚯 भद्रवाही {{nastaliq|بھَدَرْواہِی}}<br />
| states = [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]<br />
| region = [[Bhaderwah]], [[Doda district]]<br />
| speakers = {{sigfig|116000|2}}<br />
| date = 2011<br />
| ref = e22<br />
| ethnicity = [[Bhaderwah]]is<br />
| familycolor = Indo-European<br />
| fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]<br />
| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]<br />
| fam4 = [[Western Pahari]]<br />
| dia1 = [[Bhalesi dialect|Bhalesi]]<br />
| dia2 = [[Padri dialect|Padri]]<br />
| dia3 = Bhadrawahi proper<br />
| dia4 = Khasali dialect<br />
| script = [[Devanagari]], [[Takri]], [[Nastaliq]]<br />
| iso3 = bhd<br />
| glotto = bhad1241<br />
| glottorefname = Bhadrawahi<br />
| image = bhaderwahi.png<br />
| imagecaption = Bhadarwahi written in Takri, Devanagari and Urdu scripts<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Bhadarwahi''' is an [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan language]] of the [[Western Pahari]] group spoken in the [[Bhadarwah]] region of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], India.<br />
<br />
The name Bhadarwahi can be understood either in a narrow sense as referring to the dialect, locally known as Bhiḍlāi, native to the Bhadarwah valley, or in a broader sense to cover the group of related dialects spoken in the wider region where Bhadarwahi proper is used as a [[lingua franca]]. In addition to Bhadarwahi proper, this group also includes [[Padri dialect|Padri]], [[Bhalesi dialect|Bhalesi]], and Khasali (Khashali) dialect.<ref>{{cite book| last = Kaul| first = Pritam Krishen| year = 2006| title = Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu| volume = 1| place = Delhi| publisher = Eastern Book Linkers| isbn = 8178541017|pages=85–86}}. The classification there includes Rodhari as a separate node, but elsewhere (pp.123–24), it is subsumed under Khasali.</ref> The [[Churahi language]] is closely related.{{wtc|Bhadrawahi language}}{{Contains special characters|Indic}}<br />
<br />
The name of the language is spelt in the [[Takri script|Takri]] as {{Lang|bhd|𑚡𑚛𑚤𑚦𑚭𑚩𑚯}}. Variants include ''Bhaderwahi'' ({{Lang|bhd|𑚡𑚛𑚲𑚤𑚦𑚭𑚩𑚯}}),<ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.languageinindia.com/feb2018/hafsabhaderwahiphology1.pdf|title=Phonological System of Bhaderwahi}}</ref> ''Baderwali'' ({{Lang|bhd|𑚠𑚛𑚲𑚤𑚦𑚭𑚥𑚯}}), ''Bhadri'' ({{Lang|bhd|𑚡𑚛𑚤𑚯}}), Badrohi ({{Lang|bhd|𑚠𑚛𑚶𑚤𑚴𑚩𑚯}}), ''Bhadlayi'' ({{Lang|bhd|𑚡𑚛𑚥𑚭𑚣𑚯}}), and ''Bhadlai'' ({{Lang|bhd|𑚡𑚛𑚥𑚭𑚃}}).<br />
<br />
== Phonology ==<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|+'''Vowels'''<ref name="phon"/><br />
!<br />
! Front<br />
! Central<br />
! Back<br />
|-<br />
! High<br />
| {{IPA|iː}}<br />
| <br />
| {{IPA|uː}}<br />
|-<br />
! Lower High<br />
| {{IPA|i}}<br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|u}}<br />
|-<br />
! Mid<br />
| {{IPA|e eː}}<br />
| <br />
| {{IPA|oː}}<br />
|-<br />
! Lower Mid<br />
| <br />
| {{IPA|ə}}<br />
| {{IPA|o}}<br />
|-<br />
! Low<br />
| <br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|ɑː}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|+'''Consonants'''<ref name="phon">*{{cite journal<br />
| last= Dwiwedi<br />
| first= Amitabh Vikram<br />
| year= 2015<br />
| title= Bhadarwahi: A Typological Sketch<br />
| journal= [[Acta Linguistica Asiatica]]<br />
| volume= 5<br />
| issue= 1<br />
| url= https://revije.ff.uni-lj.si/ala/article/view/3159<br />
}}</ref><br />
!colspan=2|&nbsp;<br />
![[Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]]<br />
![[Dental consonant|Dental]]<br />
![[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]<br />
![[Postalveolar consonant|Postalveolar]]<br />
![[Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]]<br />
![[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]<br />
![[Velar consonant|Velar]]<br />
![[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=2|[[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]<br />
| {{IPA|m}}<br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|n}}<br />
| <br />
| {{IPA|ɳ}}<br />
| {{IPA|ɲ}}<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!rowspan=4|[[Stop consonant|Stop]]<br />
!<small>voiceless</small><br />
| {{IPA|p}}<br />
| {{IPA|t̪}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| {{IPA|ʈ}}<br />
| {{IPA|t͡ʃ}}<br />
| {{IPA|k}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!<small>aspirated</small><br />
| {{IPA|pʰ}}<br />
| {{IPA|t̪ʰ}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| {{IPA|ʈʰ}}<br />
| {{IPA|t͡ʃʰ}}<br />
| {{IPA|kʰ}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!<small>voiced</small><br />
| {{IPA|b}}<br />
| {{IPA|d̪}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| {{IPA|ɖ}}<br />
| {{IPA|d͡ʒ}}<br />
| {{IPA|ɡ}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!<small>breathy</small><br />
| {{IPA|bʱ}}<br />
| {{IPA|d̪ʱ}}<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| {{IPA|ɖʱ}}<br />
| {{IPA|d͡ʒʱ}}<br />
| {{IPA|ɡʱ}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!rowspan=2|[[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]<br />
!<small>voiceless</small><br />
| <br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|s}}<br />
| {{IPA|ʃ}}<br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|ç çʰ}}<br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|h}}<br />
|-<br />
!<small>voiced</small><br />
| <br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|z zʱ}}<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
!colspan=2|[[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]<br />
| {{IPA|w}}<br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|l}}<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|j}}<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=2|[[Trill consonant|Trill]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|r}}<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=2|[[Flap consonant|Flap]] or [[Tap consonant|Tap]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|ɽ}}<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
According to Masica (1991) there are a set of lateral retroflex affricates /ʈ͡ꞎ ɖ͡ɭ ɖ͡ɭʱ/ from old /Cr/ clusters.{{sfnp|"The Indo-Aryan Languages" Masica|1991|p=210}}<br />
<br />
== Status ==<br />
The language is commonly called [[Pahari language|Pahari]].{{cn|date=August 2020}} Some speaker may even call it a dialect of [[Dogri language|Dogri]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Tiwari|first=Dr Siyaram|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ak87DwAAQBAJ&q=Bhaderwahi+Dogri&pg=PA197|title=Bhartiya Bhashaon Ki Pahchan|publisher=Vani Prakashan|isbn=978-93-5229-677-4|language=hi}}</ref> The language has no official status. According to the [[UNESCO|United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)]], the language is of definitely endangered category, i.e. many Bhadravahi parents are not teaching this language to the children with which the number of its native speakers is decreasing. Some other languages, such as Kashmiri and Urdu/Hindi are taking this place. This is an archetypical natural human tendency of picking up the language of people placed better economically and socially. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Endangered languages|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2011/apr/15/language-extinct-endangered}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Notable events==<br />
A daily news headlines program is broadcast by a [[Doda district|Doda]]-based [[News Media]] outlet [[The Chenab Times]] in '''Sarazi''' and '''Bhaderwahi''' languages to promote them.<ref name="et-18aug">{{Cite news |title=Cultural Academy Doda non-functional since long|url=http://www.earlytimes.in/m/newsdet.aspx?q=321562|date=18 August 2021|publisher=Early Times (newspaper)|access-date=19 August 2021}}</ref><ref name="kashmir-uzma-7">{{Cite news|title=چناب ٹائمز' کا وفد ڈپٹی کمشنر ڈوڈہ سے ملاقی|url=https://www.kashmiruzma.net/NewsDetail?action=view&ID=91493|date=7 August 2021|publisher=[[Greater Kashmir]]|lang=ur}}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Western Pahari languages}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Languages of Jammu and Kashmir]]<br />
[[Category:Endangered languages of India]]</div>
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