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{{short description|District in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bhadohi district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Uttar Pradesh|District]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_skyline = Morva River Front.png
| image_caption = A view of Morva River in Moosilatpur village
| image_map = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Sant Ravidas Nagar.svg
| coordinates =
| subdivision_type = [[Indian Subcontinent|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Uttar Pradesh|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mirzapur division|Mirzapur]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 30 June 1994
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Bhadohi]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = 3
| area_total_km2 = 1,015
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 1,578,213
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioners for Linguistic Minorities in India |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=26 December 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics1_title3 = Regional
| demographics1_info3 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]
| demographics_type2 = Demographics
| demographics2_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics2_info1 = 89.14%
| demographics2_title2 = [[Sex ratio]]
| demographics2_info2 = 902
| leader_title = [[District Magistrate]]
| leader_name = '''Shailesh Kumar, [[Indian Administrative Services|IAS]]'''
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = '''[[Sant RaviDas Nagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sant RaviDas Nagar]]'''
| leader_title2 = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| leader_name2 = '''[[Vinod Kumar Bind]]'''
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate = UP-66
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1 = {{hlist|[[National Highway 2 (India)|NH 2]]|[[National Highway 135A (India)|NH 135A]]|[[National Highway 731B (India)|NH 731B]]}}
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| official_name = Sant Ravidas Nagar
| website = {{URL|http://bhadohi.nic.in|Official Website}}
}}

'''Bhadohi district''' is a [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|district]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]] state in northern [[India]].<ref name=DSH>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0967_PART_B_DCHB_SANT%20RAVIDAS%20NAGAR%20(BHADOHI).pdf|title=District Census Handbook |access-date=13 August 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114091551/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0967_PART_B_DCHB_SANT%20RAVIDAS%20NAGAR%20(BHADOHI).pdf |archive-date=14 November 2016|publisher=Directorate of Census Operations (Uttar Pradesh)}}</ref> It is also referred to as Sant Ravidas Nagar. It is the smallest district by area in the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]] which was created on June 30, 1994 by dividing western part of the district Varanasi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=How to Reach {{!}} District Bhadohi, Government of Uttar Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://bhadohi.nic.in/how-to-reach/ |access-date=2024-04-04 |language=en-US}}</ref> It is surrounded by [[Varanasi district]] on east, [[Prayagraj district]] on west, [[Jaunpur district|Jaunpur]] north and [[Mirzapur district|Mirzapur]] district in south. The state capital [[Lucknow]] is distanced at 234 KM from Bhadohi.<ref name=":0" /> Its district headquarters is situated in the city of [[Gyanpur]]. The district is popularly known for carpet weaving as it is one of largest centres of Carpet Industries in India and therefore it also known as the 'Carpet City of India'. Carpets of Bhadohi have 'Geographical Indication' tag attached to it. Bhadohi has huge geographical significance and position attached to it due to its location between two culturally important and rich heritage cities of [[Prayagraj]] and [[Varanasi]].

==History==
[[File:Hariharnath Mandir, Gyanpur.jpg|thumb|Hariharnath Mandir, Gyanpur|left]]

=== Ancient period ===
{{See also|Sita Samahit Sthal}}
According to the epic [[Mahābhārata]], the [[Pandava]]s escaped from Lakshagrah through a tunnel and took shelter here at a place called Semradhnath. It is also believed that Mata [[Sita]], wife of Lord [[Rama]], lived here in the ashram of [[Valmiki|Maharshi Valmiki]] when she was abandoned by Lord Rama, and also that [[Lava (Ramayana)|Lav]] and [[Kusha (Ramayana)|Kush]] the twin sons of Lord Rama were born in this ashram only. Once, followed by fake accuses of public and Lord Rama's request to prove her purity once again Mata Sita in grief immersed herself in the lap of goddess Earth.

=== Medieval period ===
Bhadohi supposedly gets its name from ''Bhar Raj'' of the region which had Bhadohi as its capital, whose traces can be found in the names of ruined mounds and old tanks named after the Bhar rulers, a tributary of [[Kannauj]] kingdom, which in the early medieval period was included in the Kingdom of [[Jaunpur Sultanate|Jaunpur]].

During the reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar, Bhadohi was made a ''dastur'' and included in the ''[[Sarkar (administrative division)|sarkar]]'' of [[Allahabad]].

By the fifteenth century the ''Bhar'' were overpowered by ''[[Monas Rajputs]]'' with Sagar Rai as the first head of the clan, and his grandson, Jodh Rai received it as a ''[[zamindari]] sanad'' (deed) from Mughal Emperor [[Shah Jahan|Shah-e-Jahan]].

However around 1750 AD due to non-payment of land revenue arrears, Raja Pratap Singh of [[Pratapgarh, Uttar Pradesh|Pratapgarh]], in lieu of his paying the arrears gave the entire [[pargana]] to Balwant Singh of [[Benaras]], subsequently he received it directly under a ''sanad'' from Nawab [[Shuja-ud-Daula]] of [[Awadh]] under British influence in 1770 AD.

In 1911, Bhadohi came under first Maharaja of the newly created [[Royal House of Benares|princely state of Benares]] ruled by Maharaja Prabhu Narayan Singh and it remained with Benaras till 1947.<ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopaedia of Human Geography (Set of 3 Vols.)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OJYM9F97flUC&q=Bhadohi&pg=PA107|year=2005|publisher=Anmol Publications|isbn=81-261-2444-X|page=107}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Bayly|first=Christopher Alan |title=Rulers, Townsmen and Bazaars: North Indian Society in the Age of British Expansion, 1770–1870|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xfo3AAAAIAAJ&q=bhadohi&pg=PA103|year=1988|publisher=CUP Archive|isbn=0-521-31054-7|page=103}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Historical Background of Bhadohi Carpet Industry|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/110774/9/12_chapter3.pdf|website=Shodhganga}}</ref>

=== Saint Ravidas ===
Sant [[Ravidas|Ravi Das]], known as Raidas also, was one of the twelve pupils of Saint [[Ramananda|Ramanand]]. The devotee of ‘Nirgun Brahama’. Raidas never discriminated between [[Hindus]] and [[Muslims]]. He established the ‘[[Ravidassia|Raidasi Sampradaya]]’. The region is also linked with Sant Ravidas, after whom the district has been given the name Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi).<ref name="DSH" />

===Modern period===
Bhadohi was created on 30 June 1994 as the 65th district of the State. It was part of [[Varanasi]] district prior to its creation.

The [[Mayawati]] government changed this district's name from Bhadohi to Sant Ravidas Nagar (S.R.N.). The [[Akhilesh Yadav]] government resolved on 6 December 2014 to change the name back to Bhadohi.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sant Ravidas Nagar district to be renamed as Bhadohi|url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/sant-ravidas-nagar-district-to-be-renamed-as-bhadohi-44969.html|website=India TV|access-date=16 January 2017|date=7 December 2014}}</ref>

==Geography==
This district is situated in the plains of the [[Ganges River]], which forms the southwestern border of the district. [[Ganges River|Ganges]], [[Varuna River|Varuna]] and Morva are the main rivers. The district is surrounded by [[Jaunpur district]] to the north, [[Varanasi district]] to the east, [[Mirzapur district]] to the south, and [[Prayagraj district]] to the west. With an area of 1055.99 km² Bhadohi is the smallest district of Uttar Pradesh area wise. Bhoganw and Rampur are famous ghats in Bhadohi, and also there are many divine temples in Bhadohi, namely: [[Sita Samahit Sthal]] (Sitamarhi), [[Semradhnath Mahadev Dham]], Baba Harihar Nath Mandir, Baba Doodhnath Mandir, Ghopaila Devi Mandir (Gyanpur), Chakwa Mahaveer Hanuman Mandir, Baba Bade Shiv Mandir (Gopiganj), [[Bhadreshwar Mahadev Mandir]], Maa Kamakhya Dham ([[Uchetha]] Village), Baba Pandwa Nath Mandir (Kaulapur), [[Sankat Mochan Hanuman Mandir vikaiyadham]] "[[Sankat Mochan Maruti Trust Chakshridatt VikaiyaDham]] (Chakshridatt Tiwaripur), Shiv Mandir (Sundarpur), ShreeRam Mandir (Kaulapur), Shani Dham, Baba Tileshwarnath Mandir (Tilanga village), Bhadrakali temple, and [[Baba Gangeshwarnath Dham]] ([[Itahara Uparwar]] Village) Khorabeer Maharaj(Bhagavanpur) Baba KabutarNath Mandir Gopiganj Anjahi Mohal.

==Divisions==
[[File:Bhadohi 3 page-0001.jpg|thumb|365x365px|2011 Indian Census Disional Map of District Bhadohi]]
This district is divided into three [[tehsil]]s, [[Aurai Tehsil]], Bhadohi and [[Gyanpur]], and six blocks,<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.wikivillage.in/district/uttar-pradesh/sant-ravidas-nagar|title = wikivillage.in|last = Suraj|first = Mishra}}</ref> [[Bhadohi]], [[Suriyawan]], Gyanpur, [[Deegh]], Abholi<ref>[http://www.wikivillage.in/block/uttar-pradesh/sant-ravidas-nagar/abholi Abholi], Wikivillage.in</ref> and Aurai.<ref>[http://www.wikivillage.in/block/uttar-pradesh/sant-ravidas-nagar/aurai Aurai], Wikivillage.in</ref>

There are 1075 populated villages and 148 non-populated villages, along with 79 nyay-panchayat and 489 [[gram panchayat]]s in the district. The district has nine geographically divided police stations namely - Aurai, Bhadohi, Chauri, Durgaganj, Gopiganj, Koirauna, Gyanpur, Oonj and Suriyawan In urban area there are seven statutory Towns and four Census Town. Statutory Towns are two Nagar Palika Parishad and five Nagar Panchayats.

==Demographics==

{{historical populations|11=1901|12=2,52,866|13=1911|14=2,54,175|15=1921|16=2,58,180|17=1931|18=2,76,399|19=1941|20=3,27,907|21=1951|22=3,88,471|23=1961|24=4,64,317|25=1971|26=5,57,307|27=1981|28=7,80,014|29=1991|30=10,77,633|31=2001|32=13,53,705|33=2011|34=15,78,213|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=center}}

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Bhadohi district (2011)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web|date=2011|title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11394/download/14507/DDW09C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|86.70}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Uttar Pradesh|Islam]]|green|12.92}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.38}}
}}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Bhadohi district had a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,578,213,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web |year=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi)|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1284/download/4150/DH_2011_0967_PART_A_DCHB_SANT_RAVIDAS_NAGAR_BHADOHI.pdf|access-date= |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Gabon]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 June 2007 | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Gabon 1,576,665
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Hawaii]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=2011-09-30| quote =Hawaii 1,360,301
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 320th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/>
The district has a population density of {{convert| 1531 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 14.81%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Bhadohi has a [[sex ratio]] of 950 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 89.14%. 14.53% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes made up 22.37% of the population.<ref name=districtcensus/>

===Languages===
{{pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages in Bhadohi district (2011)<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Uttar Pradesh|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10224/download/13336/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Hindi]] |value1 = 66.38 |color1 = orange
|label2 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value2 = 18.34 |color2 = gold
|label3 = [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]] |value3 = 13.01 |color3 = indianred
|label4 = [[Urdu]] |value4 = 2.17 |color4 = green
|label5 = Others |value5 =0.1 |color5 = grey
}}

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 66.38

{| class="wikitable"
!Tehsil
!Hindi
!Awadhi
!Bhojpuri
!Urdu
|-
|[[Bhadohi]]
|70.52%
|14.26%
|10.29%
|4.79%
|-
|[[Gyanpur]]
|75.50%
|18.83%
|4.99%
|0.58%
|-
|[[Aurai Tehsil|Aurai]]
|49.32%
|3.92%
|45.9%
|0.82%
|}

== Economy ==
=== Bhadohi carpets ===

[[File:A carpet seller in Jaipur.jpg|thumb|140px|left|A carpet seller in [[Gopiganj]], Bhadohi, [[India]]]]

Carpet weaving in Bhadohi-Mirzapur region dates back to the 16th century, during the reign of [[Mughal Emperor]], [[Akbar]]<ref name=DSH/> and is believed to have established when centuries ago, some Iranian master weavers stopped at Madhosingh village, near [[Khamaria]], in Bhadohi while travelling in India, and subsequently set up looms here.<ref name="to"/>

The present day Bhadohi district is biggest carpet manufacturing centres in India, most known for its hand-knotted carpet. While the Mirzapur-Bhadohi region has the largest number of weavers involved in handmade carpet weaving cluster, engaging around 3.2 million people in the industry, Bhadohi alone employs 2.2 million rural artisans in its 100 percent export-oriented industry.<ref name=DSH/> Bhadohi based organisations account for about 75% of the Rs 44 billion of total carpet exports from India, The annual turnover of carpet exports from Bhadohi was Rs 25 billion (approx) in 2010.{{citation needed|date=August 2017}}

In 2010, the carpets of the region received the [[Geographical Indication]] (GI) tag, which means carpets manufactured in nine districts of the region, Bhadohi, [[Mirzapur]], [[Varanasi]], [[Ghazipur]], [[Sonebhadra]], [[Kaushambi district|Kaushambi]], [[Allahabad]], [[Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh|Jaunpur]] and [[Chandauli]] would be tagged with 'handmade carpet of Bhadohi'. Most of the production is aimed at foreign countries.<ref name="to">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-09/varanasi/28226568_1_bhadohi-mirzapur-bhadohi-carpet-carpet-manufacturers-association|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105034702/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-09/varanasi/28226568_1_bhadohi-mirzapur-bhadohi-carpet-carpet-manufacturers-association|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 November 2012|work=[[The Times of India]]|title=Famed Bhadohi carpet gets GI tag|date=9 September 2010}}</ref>

Well-known carpet types from Bhadohi include cotton Dhurries, Chhapra Mir carpets, Abusan, Persian, Loribaft, Indo Gabbeh but also Nepalese carpets and more recent shaggy type carpets.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}} They are manufactured in various qualities.

Bhadohi received a major boost in November 2018 as the government has extended the 'export excellence' tag to it. Under the 'Towns of Export Excellence' tag, carpet makers of the city will get financial assistance from the central government to procure modern machines, improve export infrastructure, and organise fairs and exhibitions in different parts of the world to attract global buyers. Bhadohi will be the 37th town in India to get this status. The tag would help put the carpet city on the world map.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}

== Notable Personalities from Bhadohi ==

* [[Rinku Singh (baseball)|Rinku Singh Rajput]]- Wrestler (WWE)
* [[Shivam Dube]] - Cricketer
* [[Yashasvi Jaiswal|Yashashvi Jaiswal]] - Cricketer
* [[Rangnath Mishra]]- Politician
* [[Jameel Khan]] - Actor
* [[Ramyatna Shukla]]- Scholar
* [[Kapil Deva Dvivedi]]- Scholar
* [[Shyam Dhar Mishra|Shyamdhar Mishra]] - Politician
* B.D Mishra (Ex-Lieutenant governor)
* Gorakhnath Pandey -Politician

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://bhadohi.nic.in}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hhHVsRllcEE YouTube: Sita Samahit Sthal], notable temple

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Bhadohi district
|North = [[Jaunpur district]]
|Northeast =
|East = [[Varanasi district]]
|Southeast =
|South = [[Mirzapur district]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Prayagraj district]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Bhadohi district}}
{{Districts of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Mirzapur Division topics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|25|20|24|N|82|28|12|E|region:IN-UP_type:adm2nd_source:kolossus-nowiki|display=title}}

{{Uttar Pradesh}}

[[Category:Bhadohi district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]

Bhadohi district - Revision history

Amanshrbiz at 18:38, 15 March 2026