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{{Cleanup bare URLs|date=August 2022}}
{{EngvarB|date=May 2015}}
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{{Infobox religious biography
| background = #FFA07A
| name = Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami
| honorific-prefix = Sripada
| alias = Thoudam Damodar Singh
| module={{Infobox Chinese|child=yes
| headercolor =#FFA07A
| san = भक्तिस्वरूप दामोदर स्वामी
| ben = ভক্তিস্বরূপ দামোদর স্বামী}}
| image = Srila Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Goswami Maharaja (Srila Sripad Maharaja also known as Dr. T. D. Singh, Founding Director, Bhaktivedanta Institute).jpg
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1937|12|9}}
| birth_place = [[Toubul]], [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2006|10|02|1937|12|09}}
| death_place = [[Calcutta]], India
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
| denomination = [[Gaudiya Vaishnavism]]
| lineage = [[Gaudiya Math|Gaudiya-Sarasvata Sampradaya]]
| philosophy = [[Achintya Bheda Abheda]]
| order = [[Sannyasa]]
| location = [[Manipur]]
| title = {{hlist|[[Guru]]|[[Sannyasi]]}}
| period = 1980–2006
| initiation = [[Diksa]]–1971, [[Sannyasa]]–1980
| post = [[ISKCON Guru System|ISKCON guru]], [[sannyasi]], member of the Governing Body Commission, founding director of the Bhaktivedanta Institute
| module2 = {{Infobox scholar|child=yes
| alma_mater = {{ubl|[[Gauhati University]]|[[University of Calcutta]]|[[Canisius College]]|[[University of California, Irvine]] (Ph.D.)}}
| workplaces =
| discipline = {{hlist|[[Chemistry]]|[[Philosophy]]|[[Theology]]}}
| main_interests = {{hlist|[[Physical organic chemistry]]|[[Vedanta]]|[[relationship between religion and science]]}}
| known_for =
}}
| website = [http://bhaktiswarupadamodara.com bhaktiswarupadamodara.com]
}}
{{Vaishnavism}}
{{Hindu philosophy}}
'''Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami''' ({{IAST3|Bhaktisvarūpa Dāmodara Svāmī}}; 9 December 1937<ref name = Chavda36 >{{Harvnb|Chavda|Sagar|1986|p=36}}</ref> – 2 October 2006),<ref>[http://www.tdsingh.org/tdsingh.html Sripada Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami]</ref> also known as '''Dr. Thoudam Damodara Singh'''<ref name="hindu" /> and by the honorific '''Sripada''' ({{IAST|Śrīpāda}}), was a [[Gaudiya Vaishnava]] spiritual leader,<ref name="hindu" /><ref name = Muster192 >{{Harvnb|Muster|2001|p=192}}</ref><ref name = Sooklal136 >{{Harvnb|Sooklal|1986|p=136}}</ref> chemist, writer about religion and science, and poet. In 1971 he received [[Diksha|spiritual initiation]] from [[A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada]].<ref name="hindu" >[https://web.archive.org/web/20080116045153/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2008/01/11/stories/2008011150510200.htm A different show indeed] [[The Hindu]] 11 January 2008</ref><ref name = Sanajaoba386 >{{Harvnb|Sanajaoba|2003|p=386}}</ref> A few years later he became one of the religious leaders of the [[International Society for Krishna Consciousness]] (also known as the ''[[Hare Krishna Movement]]'').<ref name="hindu" /><ref name = Muster192 />

For more than thirty years he was the international director of the [[Bhaktivedanta Institute]]<ref name = Congress262 >{{Harvnb|Indian Science Congress Association|Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal|1987|p=262}}</ref><ref name="amislam" /><ref name = Bhatty15 >{{Harvnb|Bhatty|1987|p=15}}</ref> which promotes the study of the [[relationship between religion and science]] ([[Vedanta]]).<ref name = Bhatty15 /><ref name = Rothstein13435 >{{Harvnb|Rothstein|1996|pp=134–135}}</ref> Srila Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami Maharaja was a pioneer in "advancing the dialogue on synthesis of science and spirituality throughout the world".<ref name="kanglaonline" >[http://www.kanglaonline.com/index.php?template=headline&newsid=40525&typeid=1 Tirupati conference held in honour of Swami Damodara] The Imphal Free Press, 23 December 2007</ref> He was a co-founder and regional director of [[United Religions Initiative]],<ref name="uri.org">[http://www.uri.org/CC_News/Global_News/PappGA08.html WAY OF THE PILGRIM: A Peace Pilgrim's Reflection of the URI Global Assembly] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090402131425/http://www.uri.org/CC_News/Global_News/PappGA08.html |date=2 April 2009 }}</ref><ref name = Penn108 >{{Harvnb|Penn|2004|p=108}}</ref> a member of [[Metanexus Institute]],<ref name="metanexus">[http://www.metanexus.net/conference2004/speakers.html#singh Biography of T. D. Singh] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120054941/http://www.metanexus.net/conference2004/speakers.html#singh |date=20 November 2008 }}</ref> founding [[Rector (academia)|rector]] of [[University of Bhagavata Culture]] (2000) in the State of [[Manipur]] (India)<ref name="amislam" /><ref name = Mishra3 >{{Harvnb|Mishra|Srikant|Ghosh|2007|p=3}}</ref> and founding member of the [[World Vaisnava Association]].{{sfn|Paramadvaiti|1999|loc=Part 2}} He authored and edited several books and organised a number of significant conferences and world congresses around the world,<ref name = Rothstein13435 /><ref name="metanexus" /> where a number of prominent scientists and religious leaders including several [[Nobel Laureate]]s participated.<ref name="amislam" >[https://web.archive.org/web/20111006015817/http://amislam.com/harekrsna.htm International Conference on the theme: "Goal and Meaning of Life:Scientific and Spiritual Points of View"]</ref><ref name = Rothstein13435 /><ref name="metanexus" /> He was the Editor-in-chief of the Journal of the Bhaktivedanta Institute entitled, ''Savijnanam: Scientific Exploration for a Spiritual Paradigm''.<ref>[http://www.binstitute.net/index.php?pr=savijnanam5_6 Savijnanam — Scientific Exploration for a Spiritual Paradigm] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619122042/http://www.binstitute.net/index.php?pr=savijnanam5_6 |date=19 June 2009 }}</ref>

==Biography==

===Early life===
{{More citations needed|sub-section|date=October 2009}}
Thoudam Damodar was born in [[Toubul]], part of the [[Bishnupur district]], [[Manipur]], India, on 9 December 1937 to Sri Thoudam Yogendra Singh and Srimati Kanyahanbi Devi.<ref name = Chavda36 /> During World War II on 10 May 1942, the Japanese began bombing [[Imphal]], the Capital of [[Manipur]]. Yogendra Singh took his family to shelter in a barrack on the banks of the [[Yangoi river]]. In 1944, Yogendra died of [[typhoid]]. The war eventually came to end, his uncle Thoudam Ibomcha Singh struggled through tough times to support him and shortly thereafter Thoudam Damodar was separated from his mother and younger sister. His elder sister Srimati Ahanbi Devi began to look after him. As a young boy, he learned how to till the land left by his father to help maintain himself and his sister. In 1949, his sister got married and he was left alone. Not wanting to burden anyone, he used to cultivate paddy for his livelihood. Living through hardships, Thoudam Damodar planned to give up schooling. Seeing his adversity, Sri Thokchom Yadav Singh, his primary school teacher, approached his colleague Sri Thoudam Kerani Singh and requested to help Thoudam Damodar. Sri Thoudam Kerani Singh agreed, and Thoudam Damodar moved into Sri Kerani's home.

===Education===
Thoudam Damodar received his BSc with honours from [[Gauhati University]] in 1961, his [[Master of Technology]] degree with honours from the [[University of Calcutta]] in 1964, his MSc in chemistry from [[Canisius College]], New York in 1969, and in 1974 completed his PhD in [[physical organic chemistry]] at the [[University of California, Irvine]].<ref name="metanexus" /><ref name = Singh4546 >{{Harvnb|Singh|1988|pp=45–46}}</ref> Since then he has been involved in dialogues with prominent scientists and religious leaders such as the [[Dalai Lama]] in the quest for a scientific understanding of the world through the [[vedantic]] [[paradigm]].<ref name = Singh37 >{{Harvnb|Singh|1988|p=37}}</ref>

===Spiritual service to ISKCON===
Thoudam Damodar Singh, then as a student at the University of California, Irvine<ref name = Bhatty16 /> had a very good friend in Ray Ramananda Dasa, who became a student of [[Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada]]. Ray Ramananda Dasa inspired T D Singh to meet Swami Prabhupada. After coming into contact with Swami Prabhupada and students of the [[International Society for Krishna Consciousness]], Thoudam Damodar received [[diksa|spiritual initiation]] from him at the ''Sri Radha Krishna Temple'' in Los Angeles, on 30 June 1971, and was given the name '''Svarupa Damodar Das''' ({{IAST|Svarūpa Dāmodara dāsa}}).<ref name = Bhatty16 >{{Harvnb|Bhatty|1987|p=16}}</ref> He studied the philosophy and practice of [[Vaishnavism]] for the following 8 years under the guidance of his spiritual master.<ref name = Bhatty16 /> Swami Prabhupada appointed Svarupa Damodar das as International Director of the [[Bhaktivedanta Institute]] in 1974<ref name = Bhatty16 /> and a member of Governing Body Commission in March 1977.<ref>Conversations (1,384 Tape Transcription) Room Conversation with GBC members - 2–3 March 1977, Mayapura</ref> In 1980 he took [[sannyasa]] from [[Kirtanananda Swami]]. In 1982 he became an [[Diksha|initiating]] spiritual master and began to accept disciples.<ref name = Muster192 /> During his life, he provided a spiritual guidance to over a thousand of his disciples around the world.<ref name="metanexus" /> He is well known as Srila Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Goswami Maharaja (also known as Srila Sripad Maharaja and Dr. T.D. Singh).

{{External links|section|date=March 2015}}

===Bhaktivedanta Institute – A Mission Transforming Material Science into Spiritual Science===
On Srila Sripad Maharaja's 75th divine appearance day, one of his scientist disciple Bhakti Niskama Shanta Swami, Ph.D. wrote a summary of the services of Srila Sripad Maharaja under the banner of Bhaktivedanta Institute. In the honor of Srila Sripad Maharaja his scientist disciples are organizing an annual international conference series "Is Science Able to Explain the Scientist? (Science and Scientist)"<ref>http://scsiscs.org/conference</ref> under the guidance of Sripad Bhakti Madhava Puri Maharaja, Ph.D. (Serving Director, Bhakti Vedanta Institute, Princeton, NJ, USA).

===Science and Vedanta===
Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami has contributed many papers in the [[Journal of the American Chemical Society]] and the [[Journal of Organic Chemistry]] in the field of fast proton transfer kinetics in model biological systems using stopped-flow technique and NMR spectroscopy.<ref name="metanexus" /> He also worked on gas phase reaction mechanisms using Ion Cyclotron Resonance (ICR) spectroscopy.<ref name="metanexus" />

For more than thirty years he was the international director of the [[Bhaktivedanta Institute]]<ref name = Bhatty15 /> which promotes the study of the relationship between science and Vedanta.<ref name="Rothstein13435"/><ref name = Bhatty17 >{{Harvnb|Bhatty|1987|p=17}}</ref> Srila Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Goswami Maharaja was a pioneer in "advancing the dialogue on synthesis of science and spirituality throughout the world".<ref name="kanglaonline"/> He was a co-founder and regional director of [[United Religions Initiative]],<ref name="uri.org"/><ref name = Penn108 /> a member of [[Metanexus Institute]]<ref name="metanexus"/> and founding member of the [[World Vaisnava Association]].{{sfn|Paramadvaiti|1999|loc=Part 2}} He authored and edited several books and organised several International conferences on science and religion,<ref name="metanexus" /> where a number of prominent scientists and religious leaders including several [[Nobel Laureate]]s participated:<ref name = Rothstein13435 /><ref name="metanexus" /> First and Second World Congress for the Synthesis of Science and Religion (1986 and 1997),<ref name = Rothstein13435 /> First International Conference on the Study of Consciousness within Science (1990),<ref name = Mishra3 /> and "Second International Congress on Life and its Origin: Exploration from Science and Various Spiritual and Religious Traditions" (2004, Rome, Italy).<ref name="amislam" /> For these conferences a group of internationally acclaimed scholars from various disciplines were invited to talk about "the present status of science and religion, the history of discord between them, and the potential benefits of their reconciliation".<ref name = Rothstein135 >{{Harvnb|Rothstein|1996|p=135}}</ref>

From 1992 to 2006 he served as the President of Vedanta and Science Educational Research Foundation and worked to interface Science and Vedanta, the essence of [[Hindu]] Religious traditions. He felt that the universal principles contained in the Vedanta can make a significant contribution in Science and Spirituality. He launched The Journal of the [[Bhaktivedanta Institute]], "Savijnanam", aimed at "Scientific Exploration for a Spiritual Paradigm" and was its Editor-in-Chief.

In 2000, Srila Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Goswami Maharaja's interest in science and spirituality has led him to set up the [[University of Bhagavata Culture]] in [[Imphal]], Manipur).<ref name = Mishra3 /> The purpose of the University is to "promote the universal scientific and philosophical relevance of the teachings of [[Bhagavad Gita]], [[Srimad Bhagavatam]], Vedanta and other [[Vedic literature]]s within the framework of modern cultural and educational milieu for the welfare of humanity."

===Cultural projects===
Srila Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Goswami Maharaja started a network of schools in Northeastern India where more than 4000 students receive education centred on [[Vaishnava]] spiritual values.<ref name="metanexus" />

In 1989 he founded "[[Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe]]" which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries.<ref name="hindu" /><ref name="metanexus" /><ref name="ranganiketan" >[http://www.ranganiketan.com/index_files/Reviews.htm Ranganiketan reviews]</ref> Ranganiketan (literally "House of Colorful Arts") is a group of more than twenty dancers, musicians, singers, [[martial artist]]s, choreographers and craft artisans.<ref name="ranganiketan2" >[http://www.ranganiketan.com/index_files/Ranganiketan.htm Ranganiketan]</ref> Some of them are gurus in their own respective fields of art.<ref name="ranganiketan2" /> Their performances both at home and abroad, received acclaim and awards.<ref name="ranganiketan" /> While at home in Manipur, they often perform at various religious and cultural functions. They are not paid a salary, but live from donations that are offered to them for their artistic contributions.<ref name="ranganiketan2" />

==Works==
{{refbegin|2}}
* {{Citation
| last=Singh | first=Thoudam Damodara
| year= 1974
| title=Base Catalysis and Activation Parameters of the Aminolysis and Methanolysis of P-nitrophenyl Trifluoroacetate in Aprotic Solvents
| place= Irvine | publisher=University of California
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bv9MNwAACAAJ
}}
* {{Citation
| last1= Singh | first1=Thoudam Damodara | last2=Thompson | first2=Richard L.
| year= 1977
| title=What is Matter and what is Life?
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LCBRGQAACAAJ
}}
* {{Citation
| last= Bhaktisvarupa | first=Damodara Swami
| year= 1980
| title=Scientific Basis of Krsna Consciousness
| publisher=[[Bhaktivedanta Book Trust]]
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n4w5HQAACAAJ
}}
* {{Citation
| last=Bhaktisvarupa | first=Damodara Swami
| year= 1986
| title=Consciousness the Missing Link
| publisher=[[Bhaktivedanta Book Trust]]
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHn5AAAACAAJ
| isbn= 0-89213-108-X
}}
* {{Citation
| last1= Singh | first1=Thoudam Damodara | last2=Gomatam | first2=Ravi A.
| year= 1988
| title=Synthesis of Science and Religion: Critical Essays and Dialogues
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RzsxAgAACAAJ
| isbn= 0-941525-01-5
}}
* {{Citation
| last= Bhaktisvarupa | first=Damodara Swami
| year= 1990
| title=Seeking the essence: an investigation into the search for the absolute: a comparative analysis of the primary philosophical and religious conceptions of East and West
| publisher=Associated Pub. Co.
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qqrWAAAAMAAJ
| isbn= 81-85211-24-8
}}
* {{Citation
| last1=Singh | first1=Thoudam Damodara | last2= Anderson | first2=Greg
| year= 1997
| title=Life: Its Nature and Origin: Chemical Evolution Versus a Consciousness-based Paradigm
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mMPhAAAACAAJ
| isbn= 0-941525-11-2
}}
* {{Citation
| last1= Singh | first1=Thoudam Damodara | last2=Bandyopadhyay | first2=Samaresh
| year= 2001
| title=Thoughts On Synthesis Of Science And Religion: Srila Prabhupada Birth Centenary Volume
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mv8QAQAAIAAJ
| isbn= 81-901369-0-9
}}
* {{Citation
| last= Bhaktisvarupa
| first= Damodara Swami
| year= 2004
| title=Life and Origin of the Universe
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=
| isbn=81-901369-3-3
}}
* {{Citation
| last= Singh | first=Thoudam Damodara
| year= 2004
| title=Seven Nobel Laureates on Science and Spirituality
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rCURAgAACAAJ
| isbn= 81-901369-2-5
}}
* {{Citation
| last1 = Singh | first1=Thoudam Damodara
| last2= Penrose | first2=Roger | authorlink2=Roger Penrose
| year= 2005
| title=Science, Spirituality, and the Nature of Reality: A Discussion Between Roger Penrose and T. D. Singh
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pEnuAAAACAAJ
| isbn= 81-901369-7-6
}}
* {{Citation
| last= Singh | first=Thoudam Damodara
| year= 2005
| title=Life and Spiritual Evolution
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=
| isbn= 81-901369-6-8
}}
* {{Citation
| last= Singh | first=Thoudam Damodara
| year= 2005
| title=Towards a Culture of Harmony and Peace
| publisher=Delhi Peace Summit
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Eu8nAAAAYAAJ
| isbn= 81-901369-4-1
}}
* {{Citation
| last= Singh | first=Thoudam Damodara
| year= 2005
| title=Essays on Science and Religion
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=
| isbn=81-901369-8-4
}}
* {{Citation
| last1= Singh | first1=Thoudam Damodara | last2=Behe | first2=Michael J.
| authorlink2=Michael Behe
| year= 2005
| title=God, Intelligent Design and Fine-Tuning. A Dialogue between Dr. T. D. Singh and Prof. Michael J. Behe
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hFu9PAAACAAJ
| isbn=81-89635-01-8
}}
* {{Citation
| last= Bhaktisvarupa | first= Damodara Swami
| year= 2006
| title=Reality of God's Existence
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=
| isbn= 81-89635-05-0
}}
* {{Citation
| last1= Singh | first1=Thoudam Damodara | last2=Townes | first2=Charles
| last3=Phillips | first3=William
| authorlink2=Charles Hard Townes | authorlink3=William Daniel Phillips
| year= 2006
| title=God is a Person. Reflections of Two Nobel Laureates: Open Dialogues with Dr. T. D. Singh
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q0vZPAAACAAJ
| isbn=81-89635-03-4
}}
* {{Citation
| last= Singh | first=Thoudam Damodara
| year= 2006
| title=Life, Matter and their interactions
| publisher=Bhaktivedanta Institute
| url=
| isbn=81-901369-9-2
}}
{{refend}}

==See also==
*[[Gaudiya Vaishnavism]]
*[[United Religions Initiative]]

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==External links==
*[http://scienceandscientist.org/about.html T.D. Singh, Ph.D. (Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Maharaja)]
*[http://www.binstitute.org/ Bhaktivedanta Institute Kolkata]
*[http://www.tdsingh.org/foundation.html T.D. Singh Foundation]
*[http://www.ranganiketan.com/index_files/Home.htm Ranganiketan: Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20121025215438/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-82530394.html Objectification of science needs transfusion of Eastern spirituality] [[New Straits Times]] 15 June 2000
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20121025215443/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-82574635.html Article: Two spiritual organisations sign MoU], ''New Straits Times'' 19 October 2000
*[http://www.e-pao.net/epRelatedNews.asp?heading=2&src=210806 More condemn terror attack], The Sangai Express 20 Aug 2006
*[http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=leisure.Essays.Essay_on_Faith_Spirituality.Krishna_consciousness_way_to_peaceful_life Krishna consciousness is the way to peaceful life] The Sangai Express
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070426000658/http://www.metanexus.net/Institute/ Metanexus]

{{Modern Gaudiya Vaishnavas}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Swami, Bhaktisvarupa Damodar}}
[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:2006 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Hindu philosophers and theologians]]
[[Category:21st-century Hindu philosophers and theologians]]
[[Category:20th-century Hindu religious leaders]]
[[Category:21st-century Hindu religious leaders]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:International Society for Krishna Consciousness religious figures]]
[[Category:Hindu writers]]
[[Category:Indian Hare Krishnas]]
[[Category:Indian Hindu monks]]
[[Category:Indian Hindu religious leaders]]
[[Category:Indian organic chemists]]
[[Category:Indian theologians]]
[[Category:Indian Vaishnavites]]
[[Category:People in interfaith dialogue]]
[[Category:Writers about religion and science]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Canisius University alumni]]
[[Category:University of California, Irvine alumni]]
[[Category:Poets from Manipur]]
[[Category:Scholars from Manipur]]
[[Category:Meitei people]]
[[Category:People from Bishnupur, Manipur]]
[[Category:Hinduism and science]]

Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami - Revision history

Ajay Kumar at 19:11, 30 August 2023