58.182.176.169 at 16:29, 7 August 2021

2021-08-07T16:29:46Z

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The '''Bidadari Resolutions''' were set of resolutions adopted by the nascent [[Indian National Army]] in April 1942 that declared the formation of the INA and its aim to launch an armed struggle for Indian independence. The resolution was declared at a [[prisoner-of-war camp]] at the [[Bidadari, Singapore|Bidadari]] (Bidadri PoW camp) in [[Singapore]] during Japanese occupation of the island.

==Fall of Singapore==
{{see also | Japanese occupation of Malaya | Battle of Singapore | Malayan campaign }}

The [[fall of Singapore]] on 15 February 1942 brought under the Japanese occupation approximately 45,000 Indian PoWs. The surrender of these PoWs were accepted by [[Major Fujiwara Iwaichi]], separately from that of British PoWs, on the morning of 17th at [[Farrer Park Field]]. Fujiwara passed on their command to [[Mohan Singh (general)|Mohan Singh]], who had formulated the conception of a liberation army for [[Indian independence movement|India's Independence]], accepted their command and invited the PoWs to join his proposed army. A large number of the troops volunteered.
Following this, the plans to formally establish the [[Indian National Army]] as the armed unit of the [[Indian Independence League]] were started. However, officers within the Indian Pow sought to establish clearly the Japanese intentions and designs for the army and clarification of its goals.

==Bidadary resolution==
{{see also | Farrer Park address }}

In April 1942, even as the discussions and the process of setting up the [[Indian Independence League]] and defining the aims of the movement carried on, Mohan Singh convened a meeting of a group of his officers to frame what has now come to be known as the Bidadary resolution. The resolution, declared by [[Mohan Singh Deb]], announced that:<ref>{{Harvnb|Fay|1993|p=94}}</ref> {{cquote|Indians stood above all differences of caste, community, or religion. Independence was every Indian's birthright. An Indian National Army would be raised to fight for it.}}
The resolution further specified that the army would go to battle only when the Congress and the people of India asked it to.<ref>{{Harvnb|Fay|1993|p=94}}</ref> It did not however, specify the how army was to interact with the Japanese forces.<ref>{{Harvnb|Fay|1993|p=94}}</ref>

==Effects of the resolution==

{{see also | Indian Independence League | Giani Pritam Singh Dhillon }}

Following the Bidadari resolutions, the Indian PoW camps were dissolved and the staff were transferred to the INA supreme command under Mohan Singh. On 9 May, recruiting for the INA began.<ref>{{Harvnb|Fay|1993|p=94}}</ref> Mohan Singh had copies of the resolution circulated among the Indian jawans, followed by tours of the mainland camps by Mohan Singh and Fujiwara to encourage the troops to join the INA. In June, [[Bangkok Conference|a conference]] was held in [[Bangkok]] that saw the proclamation of the [[Indian Independence League]] and clearly established the relationship between the INA and the Japanese army and established the IIL as the master organisation of which the INA was to be the armed wing of. The Bidadary resolutions therefore formed the basis on which the subsequent organisations and orders of the first INA was built.

==See also ==

* [[Indian National Army in Singapore]]

* INA related context
** [[1915 Singapore Mutiny]]
** [[First Indian National Army]]
** [[Royal Indian Navy mutiny]]
** [[Royal Air Force mutiny]]
** [[History of Singapore]]

* General context
** [[1915 Singapore Mutiny]]
** [[Greater India]]
** [[History of Indian influence on Southeast Asia]]
** [[History of Singaporean Indians]]
** [[Hinduism in South East Asia]]
** [[Indian diaspora]]
** [[Indianisation]]
** [[Indian Singaporeans]]
** [[List of Hindu temples in Singapore]]
** [[List of Indian organisations in Singapore]]

==References==

===Notes===
{{reflist|2}}

===Citations ===
* {{Citation
| surname1 = Lebra
| given1 = Joyce C.
| year = 1971
| title = Japanese trained armies in South-East Asia
| url =
| publisher = New York,Columbia University Press
| ISBN = 0-231-03995-6
}}.
*{{Citation
| surname1 = Fay
| given1 = Peter W.
| year = 1993
| title = The Forgotten Army: India's Armed Struggle for Independence, 1942-1945.
| url =
| publisher = Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press.
| ISBN = 0-472-08342-2
}}.
{{Indian National Army}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Indian independence movement]]
[[Category:Indian National Army]]
[[Category:South-East Asian theatre of World War II]]
[[Category:Indian Independence League]]
[[Category:1942 in India]]
[[Category:1942 documents]]
[[Category:India in World War II]]

Bidadari Resolutions - Revision history

58.182.176.169 at 16:29, 7 August 2021