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{{Short description|Encyclopedia compiler}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Binod Kanungo
| native_name = Binod Kanungo
| image = Binod_Kanungo.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1912|06|06}}
| birth_place = Mallipur, [[Cuttack District]], [[Odisha]]
| death_date = {{Death date|1990|06|22}}
| death_place = [[Cuttack]], [[Odisha]]
| nationality = Indian
| awards = [[Odisha Sahitya Akademi]] {{small|(1983)}}
[[Padma Shri|Padmashree]]
| other_names =
| known_for =
| occupation =
}}
'''Binod Kanungo''' is a renowned [[Odia people|Odia]] author, [[Freedom fighters of India|freedom fighter]], [[Gandhian]], educator, social reformer and compiler of the ''Gyana Mandala'', which is the greatest encyclopaedia in the Odia language. He also won the [[Odisha]] [[Sahitya Akademi]] Award for his travelogue ''Runa Parishodha'' (1983). He was also a veteran freedom fighter and notable educationist. He was awarded with India's fourth highest civilian honour "[[Padma Shri|Padmashree]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/2011/june/engpdf/10-13.pdf |title=Life and works of Binod Kanungo |publisher="Orissa Review"}}{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He died on 22 June 1990.

== Early life and education ==

Kanungo was born on 6 June 1912 at village Mallipur (Kishannagar) in [[Cuttack]] district of [[Odisha]].<ref name="Orissa (India) Senapati Sahu p.838 ">{{cite book | author=Orissa (India) | last2=Senapati | first2=N. | last3=Sahu | first3=N.K. | title=Orissa District Gazetteers: Sambalpur | year=1966 | publisher=Superintendent, Orissa Government Press | series=Gazetteer of India | url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.3044 | language=it | access-date=2019-10-01 | page=838}}</ref> He was the only son of Keshub Chandra Kanungo and Peera Dei. He had his primary education at village Naganpur and secondary school education at the famous Ranihat Highschool, Cuttack, of which he was the first ever student. Later he got a scholarship to study at [[Ravenshaw Collegiate School]]. However, in 1930, when he was in Class-X, [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s call inspired him to leave his studies and join the Indian Freedom Movement.

== Career as a journalist and social reformer ==

Kanungo was appointed by the daily newspaper [[The Samaja]] to cover Mahatama Gandhi's ''Harijan Padayatra'' from [[Puri]] to [[Bhadrak]] in 1934. During this period Gandhiji taught, advised and groomed Binod Kanungo in the art of news reporting. Later he worked with the eminent Gandhian [[Gopabandhu Choudhury]] and joined ''The Samaja'' as an Assistant Editor. He was jailed for his participation in the freedom struggle. In 1952 he fought the first general elections in India and lost.

== Work on Jnanmandal ==

In 1954 he set his sight on compiling the monumental Oriya encyclopedia ''Jnanmandal''. The first volume was released on 2 December 1960 by [[Harekrushna Mahatab]], the then Chief Minister of Odisha. He compiled and edited major part of the ''Jnanmandal'' at his Barabati Stadium office at Cuttack. He single-handedly built the reference centre, which was visited and extolled by a great many dignitaries during his time, including [[Pranab Mukherjee]], who later became President of India. Jnanmandal, though incomplete, has been hailed as one of the best edited and most lucid encyclopedia in any of the modern Indian languages. During his lifetime although he created the Jnanmandal Foundation, it could not complete his work which was later completed by his son Deepak Kanungo who is also an eminent reference worker in Odia language. Foundation is carrying on his work till today. After his death, the Foundation has created and published different kinds of multi-volume encyclopedias both for young and adult readers by editorial efforts of Deepak Kanungo. This new set consists of thousands of topics in popular Oriya comprising all branches of human knowledge and is profusely illustrated. It is a matter of great satisfaction for the Odia people that the Encyclopedia Centre which late Kanungo created towards end of his life is active at Bhubaneswar and holds all the documents late Kanungo has collected during his lifetime.

== Notable works ==

Although ''Jnanmandal'' was his [[Masterpiece|magnum opus]], he wrote numerous popular books in [[Odia language|Odia]] including travelogues, biographies, children's books and also more than a hundred books on science and technology. He set up the Jnanmandal Foundation for the propagation of encyclopedic knowledge among common people at affordable cost. He devoted his entire life to the popularization of science and technical knowledge. Recently an institution devoted to development of Odia language has been launched in his honor. The said Binode Kanungo Centre for Excellence in Odia Language (Binode Kanungo Odia-Bhasha Utkarsha Kendra) has massive plans to make Odia a language of knowledge and living.
Some of his booklets written for the children on various topics are listed below (incomplete, there are about 30 such booklets):
# duishaha chha khandi kaaunri kathi (206 magical sticks) - a book on human orthopaedics
# badanka badei rahilaa naahin ( ) -
# chalanta raaijara amuhaan naee (mouthless river of the moving kingdom) - blood circulatory system of human beings
# naa debaataa kede kashta (its so difficult naming) - on naming conventions of various systems
#

== Awards and honours ==

He won Odisha Sahitya Akademi Award in 1984 for his semi-autobiographical travelogue ''Runa Parishodha''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2005/pdf/orissa_sahitya_academy.pdf|title=Odisha Sahitya Akademi Award Winners|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915075203/http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2005/pdf/orissa_sahitya_academy.pdf|archive-date=2012-09-15}}</ref> He was honoured by the President of India with the coveted [[Padma Shri|Padmashree]] title.

On 2 May 2013, a statue of Binod Kanungo was installed on the premises of the Odisha State Archives.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/Binod-Kanungo-statue-unveiled/2013/05/04/article1574185.ece|title=''Binod Kanungo's Statue Unveiled''}}</ref> A museum is being built in [[Bhubaneswar]] to display the rare collections and manuscripts of Binod Kanungo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.orissapost.com/museum-in-memory-of-binod-kanungo/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130616033918/http://www.orissapost.com/museum-in-memory-of-binod-kanungo/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-06-16|title=''Museum in memory of Binod Kanungo''}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Oriya]]
* [http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/2011/june/engpdf/10-13.pdf "Biography of Binod Kanungo"]{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

== References ==

{{Reflist}}


{{Odia literature}}
{{Padma Award winners of Odisha}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kanungo, Binod}}
[[Category:1912 births]]
[[Category:1990 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian social reformers]]
[[Category:Indian travel writers]]
[[Category:Gandhians]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education]]
[[Category:Writers from Odisha]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian linguists]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Odisha]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian journalists]]
[[Category:Indian encyclopedists]]

Binod Kanungo - Revision history

->Rlink2 at 14:55, 26 November 2021