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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{short description|Jain temple in Telangana, India}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2021}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}<br />
{{Infobox religious building<br />
| religious_affiliation = [[Jainism]]<br />
| image = File:10th century Bommalagutta Jain bas-reliefs and inscription, Telangana - 04.jpg<br />
| alt = Bommalagutta<br />
| caption = Goddess Chakreshvari relief on Bommalagutta<br />
| native_name = బొమ్మలమ్మ గుట్ట<br />
| native_name_lang = te<br />
| map_type = <br />
| map_alt = <br />
| map_size = 200<br />
| map_caption = Location within Karnataka<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|18|33|13|N|79|00|55|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}}<br />
| location = [[Karimnagar district|Karimnagar]], [[Telangana]]<br />
| festivals = [[Mahavir Jayanti]]<br />
| deity = [[Chakreshvari]]<br />
| creator = Jina Vallabha<br />
| funded_by = [[Arikesari II]]<br />
| established = 945 CE<br />
| governing_body = <br />
| materials = Rock cut<br />
| monument_quantity = 1<br />
| temple_quantity = 1<br />
| architecture_style = [[Dravidian architecture|Dravidian]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Bommalagutta''' (also known as '''Siddhula Gutta''', '''Bommalamma Talli Gutta''' and '''Vrushabhadri Hill''') is a [[Jain]] centre situated near Kurikyala village of [[Karimnagar district]] in [[Telangana]]. This Jain center is situated 3&nbsp;km from another famous Jain center [[Kulpakji]].{{sfn|Ceremilla|2016}}<br />
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==Etymology==<br />
''Bommalagutta'' means "Hill of figures" in [[Telugu language|Telugu]]. It is named in reference to the ''Bommalu'' (figures) carved on this hillock.{{sfn|Department of Heritage Telangana|2017}} As per an inscription, the site was originally known as ''Siddhasila'' or ''Siddhula Gutta'' meaning "Hill of the enlightened". It was named in reference to the [[Siddha|Siddhas]] carved on the hillock.{{sfn|Jawaharlal|2002|p=57}}{{sfn|Nandi|Venkataramanayya|1966|p=99}}{{sfn|The Hans India|2016}}<br />
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== History ==<br />
Bommalagutta was constructed during the reign of [[Arikesari II]] of [[Vemulavada Chalukya]]. According to an inscription dated 945 [[Common Era|CE]], poet Jinavallabha, brother of noted [[Kannada]] poet [[Adikavi Pampa]], installed stone images of [[Bharata chakravartin|Bharata]], [[Bahubali]] and [[Rishabhanatha]]. The famous trilingual inscription is a {{convert|25|ft}} inscription having 11 lines as a tribute to the kingdom for recognising poets. The inscription has verses composed in [[Kannada]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]] and [[Sanskrit]].{{sfn| Suryanarayana |p=551|}} This inscription is of utmost importance to Kannada and Telugu languages. It is written in three languages viz Kannada, Telugu and Sanskrit. The Kannada portion contains invaluable information about Pampa. The Telugu portion is the oldest Telugu Kanda Padya. They are one of the important historical evidences, submitted to the Centre, for securing classic language status to Telugu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bommalagutta |url=https://www.telangana360.com/2016/01/bommalagutta.html |publisher=Telangana360 |date=January 10, 2016}}</ref>{{sfn|Nanisetti|2017}}{{sfn|Tallam|2019}} The inscription also mentions the construction of Tribhuvanatilaka Basadi by Jinavallabha.{{sfn|Suryanarayana|1993|p=14}} The top of the hill was used by Jain monks for meditation.{{sfn|Miryala|Gade|2016|p=105}}<br />
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== Architecture ==<br />
The temple is famous for stone carving image of [[Chakreshvari]] with eight arms under two Bahubali images.{{sfn|Miryala|Gade|2016|p=105}}{{sfn|Nanisetti|2017}}{{sfn|Department of Heritage Telangana|2017}} Her iconography here includes [[Garuda]]. The bas-reliefs and the inscription have been painted over in red by the state officials in recent years for preservation and highlighting it.{{sfn|Balgoori|2013|pp=167–177}} There is a total of eight Tirthankaras carved on the hillock. The hill still preserves a few small Jain caves without any carvings.{{sfn|Jawaharlal|2002|p=57}}<br />
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Tribhuvanatilaka Basadi exists near the Jain reliefs of Bommalagutta. This temple houses idols of Rishabhanatha and [[Mahavira]]. A tank called ''Kavitagunarnava'' and a garden named ''Madanvilas'' is also part of the temple premises.{{sfn|Suryanarayana|1993|p=14}}{{sfn|Nandi|Venkataramanayya|1966|p=99}}<br />
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== Gallery ==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:10th century Bommalagutta Jain bas-reliefs and inscription, Telangana - 6.jpg|[[Chakreshvari]]<br />
File:10th century Bommalagutta Jain bas-reliefs and inscription, Telangana - 12.jpg|trilingual inscription<br />
File:10th century Bommalagutta Jain bas-reliefs and inscription, Telangana - 05.jpg|Tirthankaras<br />
</gallery><br />
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== Preservation ==<br />
Over the last 100 years, Jain statues and reliefs are discovered from the area, are preserved in the Karimnagar museum.{{sfn|Balgoori|2013|pp=167–177}}{{sfn|Dayashankar|2020}}{{sfn|Tallam|2020}}<br />
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== See also ==<br />
* [[Kalugumalai Jain Beds]]<br />
* [[Kulpakji]]<br />
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== References ==<br />
=== Citations ===<br />
{{reflist|23em}}<br />
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=== Sources ===<br />
{{refbegin|30em}}<br />
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* {{cite book |last1=Suryanarayana |first1=Kolluru |title=History Of The Minor Chalukya Families In Medieval Andhradesa |url=https://archive.org/details/history-of-the-minor-chalukya-families-in-medieval-andhradesa}}<br />
* {{cite book | last1=Miryala | first1=Ramesh Kumar |last2=Gade | first2=Jayaprakash Narayana |url={{Google books|YMLnCwAAQBAJ|page=125|plainurl=yes}} |title=Responsible Tourism & Human Accountability for Sustainable Business |publisher=Zenon Academic Publishing | location=Hyderabad | edition=1st | date=31 March 2016 | isbn=978-93-85886-01-0 }} <br />
* {{cite book | last=Suryanarayana | first=Kolluru | url={{Google books|d4PCyXslrNsC|page=14|plainurl=yes}} | title=Inscriptions of the Minor Chalukya Dynasties of Andhra Pradesh | publisher=Mittal Publications | location=New Delhi | edition=1st | date=1993 | isbn=978-81-70992-16-5 }}<br />
* {{cite book | last=Jawaharlal | first=G | url=https://jainqq.org/explore/006566/61 | title=Jaina Monuments of Andhra | year=2002 | publisher=Sharada Publishing House | location=Delhi | isbn=81-85616-86-8 }}<br />
* {{cite journal | last=Balgoori | first=Raju | title=Jaina culture in karimnagar district, telengana - a study | series=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress | journal= [[Indian History Congress]] | volume=74 | year=2013 | pages=167–177 | jstor=44158813 | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44158813 | access-date=8 July 2021 | issn=2249-1937 }} <br />
* {{cite journal | last1=Nandi | first1=Ramendra Nath | last2=Venkataramanayya | first2=N. | title=Social life in the agraharas of the deccan (c. A.D. 600-1000) | series=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress | journal=[[Indian History Congress]] | volume=28 | year=1966 | pages=97–106 | jstor=44140399 | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44140399 | access-date=8 July 2021 }}<br />
* {{cite news | last=Nanisetti | first=Serish | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/bommalagutta-inscription-sheds-light-on-poetic-use-of-telugu/article21665889.ece | title=Bommalagutta inscription sheds light on poetic use of Telugu | work=[[The Hindu]] | date=14 December 2017 | access-date=8 July 2021 }}<br />
* {{cite news | last=Dayashankar | first=K.M. |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/unearthing-of-jain-idol-calls-for-more-excavations/article31835608.ece | title=Unearthing of Jain idol calls for more excavations | work=[[The Hindu]] | date=15 June 2020 | access-date=8 July 2021 }}<br />
* {{cite news | last=Tallam | first=Naveen Kumar | url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2020/dec/24/ancient-jain-carvings-found-in-large-boulder-in-telanganas-jagtial-district-2240329.html | title=Ancient Jain carvings found in large boulder in Telangana's Jagtial district | work=[[The New Indian Express]] | date=24 December 2020 | access-date=8 July 2021 }} <br />
* {{cite news | last=Tallam | first=Naveen Kumar | url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2019/oct/11/historian-finds-neolithic-tools-in-bommalamma-gutta-shrine-2045899.html | title=Historian finds Neolithic tools in Bommalamma Gutta shrine | work=[[The New Indian Express]] | date=11 October 2019 | access-date=8 July 2021 }}<br />
* {{cite news | author=The Hans India | url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Hans/2016-12-14/Sculptures-of-Jain-Tirthankaras-found-near-Jangaon/268612 | title=Sculptures of Jain Tirthankaras found near Jangaon | work=[[The Hans India]] | date=14 December 2016 | access-date=8 July 2021 }}<br />
* {{cite news | last=Ceremilla | first=Anudeep | url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/in-other-news/181216/jain-sculptures-of-vedic-times-found-in-telangana.html | title=Jain sculptures of Vedic times found in Telangana | date=18 December 2016 | work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] | access-date=8 July 2021 }}<br />
* {{cite web | author=Department of Heritage Telangana | url=https://heritage.telangana.gov.in/monuments/bommalammagutta/ | title=Bommalammagutta (with inscription) | date=2017 | work=[[INTACH]] | access-date=8 July 2021 }}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
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== External links ==<br />
* {{commons category-inline|Bommalagutta}}<br />
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{{Jain temples}}<br />
{{Jain Caves in India}}<br />
{{Jainism topics}}<br />
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{{Authority control}}<br />
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[[Category:Jain temples in Telangana]]<br />
[[Category:10th-century Jain temples]]<br />
[[Category:Jain rock-cut architecture]]</div>Taj25O2937005