150.129.101.74 at 04:15, 12 April 2022

2022-04-12T04:15:41Z

New page

{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Bongaigaon}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement

| name = Bongaigaon district
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = as
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Assam|District]] of [[Assam]]
| image_skyline = Bhumeshwar hill.jpg
| image_caption = Bhumeshwar Hill
| image_flag =
| image_seal =
| image_shield =
| image_map = {{maplink |frame=yes
|frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center
|text= '''Bongaigaon district'''
|type=shape |id=Q42197
|stroke-colour=#C60C30
|stroke-width=2
|title= Bongaigaon district of Assam
|type2=line|id2=Q1164|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Assam
}}
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in Assam
| coordinates = {{coord|26.4667|N|90.5667|E|type:adm3rd_source:itwiki|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Assam]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Divisions of Assam|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Lower Assam Division|Lower Assam]]
| established_title =
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Bongaigaon]]
| leader_party =
| leader_title = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name = [[Barpeta (Lok Sabha constituency)|Barpeta]] (shared with Barpeta district)
| leader_title1 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Bongaigaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bongaigaon]], [[Abhayapuri North (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Abhayapuri North]], [[Abhayapuri South (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Abhayapuri South]]
| leader_title2 =
| leader_name2 =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 = 1093
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 738,804
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| timezone1_DST =
| utc_offset1_DST =
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-AS]]
| website = {{URL|http://bongaigaon.gov.in/}}
| official_name =
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 69.74%<ref name="http">{{cite web|title=Total Population, child population in the age group 0–6, literates and literacy rates by sex: 2011|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/as/table-2.xls|publisher=Office of The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India|access-date=15 July 2021}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 966
}}
'''Bongaigaon district''' (Prpn:ˈbɒŋgaɪˌgãʊ) is an administrative [[districts of Assam|district]] in the state of [[Assam]] in northeastern [[India]]. The district headquarters are located at [[Bongaigaon]]. The district occupies an [[area]] of 1,093 km<sup>2</sup>.

== Etymology ==
According to lore, the name 'Bongaigaon' derives from the words 'bon' (wild) and 'gai' (cow). In the distant past, wild cows were often a menace to villagers in this area due to which the district got its name.

==History==
The district of Bongaigaon was created on 29 September 1989 from parts of [[Goalpara district|Goalpara]] and [[Kokrajhar district]]s.<ref name='Statoids'>{{cite web | url = http://www.statoids.com/yin.html | title = Districts of India | access-date = 2011-10-11 | last = Law | first = Gwillim | date = 25 September 2011 | work = Statoids}}</ref> 2004 saw a loss of size when part of the district was split to make [[Chirang district]].<ref name='Statoids'/>

The district was part of [[Kamrup region|Kamrup]]. In the 14th century, its rule was passed onto the [[Baro-Bhuyan]]s. Later in the 1580s [[Nara Narayan]] of the [[Kamata Kingdom|Kamata kingdom]] conquered the area and it subsequently became the fiefdom of the Bijni family, who were descendants of Nara Narayan. When the Kamata kingdom split into [[Cooch Behar State|Koch Bihar]] and [[Koch Hajo]] due to rivalry between the king and his nephew Raghu Rai, Bongaigaon became part of Koch Hajo. Soon Koch Hajo and Koch Bihar went to war, and the Mughal [[Nawab of Dhaka]], supporting Koch Bihar, defeated Rai at [[Dhubri]] in 1602. Rai's son Parikshit signed a peace treaty, but hostilities resumed in 1614 and Parikshit was driven back to modern-day [[Guwahati]], where he surrendered and soon after died. His son, Bijit Narayan, was made Zamindar of the region between the [[Manas River|Manas]] and [[Sankosh River|Sankosh]]: from him the Bijni family descended. Koch Hajo was tributary to the Mughals, but in the last decades of the 17th century Mughal influence waned significantly due to the [[Ahom–Mughal conflicts|Ahom-Mughal wars]] in which the [[Ahom kingdom|Ahoms]] were eventually successful. Koch Hajo, including Bijni Zamindari, fell under Ahom influence.

In the late 1750s, the [[East India Company]] strengthened their influence in [[Bengal]] and [[Lower Assam]]. In 1822 the East India Company created Goalpara district containing present-day Lower Assam, the [[Garo Hills]] and northeastern [[Rangpur Division|Rangpur division]] in Bangladesh. The Bijnis continued to pay tribute to the British, and even gained a small amount of land after the [[Duar War]] in 1865. Rangpur and the Garo Hills were eventually stripped away to form different districts, but Goalpara continued to be administered as part of a Cooch Behar province. Eventually the Assam Valley province was founded in 1874, and Goalpara was moved to it. Goalpara was later divided into various districts including [[Kokrajhar district|Kokrajhar]] and [[Dhubri district|Dhubri]], and later Bongaigaon.<ref>[https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/1820_PART_B_DCHB_BONGAIGAON.pdf District census 2011 – Bongaigaon]</ref>

==Geography==
Bongaigaon district occupies an area of {{convert|1093|km2|sqmi}},<ref name="Reference Annual">{{cite book|title=India 2010: A Reference Annual|last1=Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.)|publisher=Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]]|year=2010|isbn=978-81-230-1617-7|edition=54th|location=New Delhi, India|pages=1116|chapter=States and Union Territories: Assam: Government}}</ref> comparatively equivalent to [[Réunion]].<ref name='Islands'>{{cite web | url = http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | title = Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area | access-date = 2011-10-11 | date = 18 February 1998 | publisher = [[United Nations Environment Program]] | quote = Réunion 2,535km2}}</ref> Bongaigaon district is surrounded by Barpeta in the east, the Brahmaputra in the south and Kokrajhar in the north and west corner and share international border with [[Bhutan]] in the north.

The places that are worth visiting in Bongaigaon are eco-park, [[Bagheswari Temple, Bongaigaon|Bagheswari temple]], tea garden, and [[Sri Surya Pahar|Suryapahar]]. The history of Bagheswari temple is such that once a priest saw in his dream that Maa Bagheswari asked him to go to a particular place where if he digs out he will find a sword that belonged to Maa Bagheswari. And the next morning when the priest went to dig in the place he saw in his dreams, he found the sword.{{citation needed|date= November 2019}} After that day a temple was built over the place and there they worship the sword. There is no idol inside the temple.

==Economy==
In 2006 the Indian government named Bongaigaon one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the eleven districts in Assam currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=8 September 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date=5 April 2012 }}</ref>

==Divisions==
The district has three subdivisions: Bongaigaon, [[Bijni]], and [[North Salmara]]. In 2004, parts of the Bongaigaon district (mainly areas under Bijni subdivision) were given over to form the Chirang district, under the Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC), with its district headquarters at Kajalgaon.

There are four [[Assam Legislative Assembly]] constituencies in this district: [[Bongaigaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bongaigaon]], [[Bijni (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bijni]], [[Abhayapuri North (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Abhayapuri North]], and [[Abhayapuri South (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Abhayapuri South]]. The latter is designated for [[scheduled caste]]s.<ref name="ceo1">{{cite web|title=List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Revenue & Election District wise break – up|url=http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.1%20-%20DEOs%20wise%20ACs%20breakup.pdf|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Assam website|access-date=26 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322074811/http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.1%20-%20DEOs%20wise%20ACs%20breakup.pdf|archive-date=22 March 2012}}</ref> Bijni is in the [[Kokrajhar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kokrajhar Lok Sabha constituency]], whilst the other three are in the [[Barpeta (Lok Sabha constituency)|Barpeta Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref name="ceo2">{{cite web|title=List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Parliamentary Constituencies wise break – up|url=http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.2%20-%20PC-wise%20LAC%20breakup.pdf|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Assam website|access-date=26 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322074903/http://ceoassam.nic.in/Gen_Informations/2.2%20-%20PC-wise%20LAC%20breakup.pdf|archive-date=22 March 2012}}</ref>

== Demographics ==
According to the 2011 census, the total population of the district is 738,804, out of which 375,818 are males while 362,986 are females. The average sex ratio is 966. As per Census 2011 out of total population, 14.9% people lives in Urban areas while 85.1% lives in the Rural areas. The average literacy rate in urban areas is 87.4% while that in the rural areas is 66.4%. Also the Sex Ratio of Urban areas in Bongaigaon district is 960 while that of Rural areas is 967. The total literacy rate of Bongaigaon district is 69.74%. The male literacy rate is 63.09% and the female literacy rate is 54.26% in Bongaigaon district. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 11.21% and 2.55% of the population respectively.<ref>{{Cite web|title=District Census Hand Book|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB.html|website=censusindia.gov.in}}</ref>

===Religion===
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Bongaigaon district (2011)
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Assam|Islam]]|#008000|50.22}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Assam|Hinduism]]|darkorange|48.61}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Assam|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|0.80}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.37}}
}}
The district religious composition are as follows: [[Hindu]] 359,145, [[Muslim]] 371,033, [[Christians|Christian]] 5,924, [[Sikh]] 384, [[Buddhist]] 236, [[Jain]] 871 as per 2011 census report.

=== Languages ===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages of Bongaigaon district (2011)<ref name="censuslang">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Bongaigaon |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=16 August 2020}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]] |value1 = 49.00 |color1 = gold
|label2 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value2 = 43.35 |color2 = saddlebrown
|label3 = [[Hindi]] |value3 = 3.06 |color3 = orange
|label4 = [[Rangpuri language|Rajbongshi]] |value4 = 1.45 |color4 = goldenrod
|label5 = [[Boro language (India)|Boro]] |value5 = 1.13 |color5 = royalblue
|label6 = Others |value6 = 2.01 |color6 = grey
}}

According to the 2011 census, 49% of the population spoke [[Assamese language|Assamese]], 43.35% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 3.06% [[Hindi]], 1.45% [[Rangpuri language|Rajbongshi]] and 1.13% [[Boro language (India)|Boro]] as their first language.<ref name="censuslang">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Bongaigaon |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=16 August 2020}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://bongaigaon.gov.in/ Bongaingaon district official website]

{{Geographic location
| Centre = Bongaigaon district
| North = [[Chirang district]]
| Northeast =
| East = [[Barpeta district]]
| Southeast =
| South = [[Goalpara district]]
| Southwest = [[Dhubri district]]
| West =
| Northwest = [[Kokrajhar district]]
}}
{{Assam}}
{{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}}

[[Category:Bongaigaon district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Assam]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1989]]
[[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]]
[[Category:1989 establishments in Assam]]

[[as:বঙাইগাঁও]]

Bongaigaon district - Revision history

150.129.101.74 at 04:15, 12 April 2022