DesignersX at 07:56, 25 November 2025

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{{Short description|Joint Russian-Indian hypersonic cruise missile}}
{{Distinguish|text=BrahMos block II}}
{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox weapon
| is_missile = yes
| name = BrahMos-II
| image = A scaled down model of Brahmos-II at Aero India 2013.jpg
| image_size = 300
| caption = A scaled down model of Brahmos-II at [[Aero India]] 2013
| origin = {{unbulleted list|India|Russia}}
| type = [[Cruise missile#Hypersonic|Hypersonic]] [[Cruise missile]] [[Air-launched cruise missile]] [[Anti-ship missile]] [[Land-attack missile]] [[Surface-to-surface missile]]
| used_by =
| designer = [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] [[NPO Mashinostroyenia]]
| manufacturer = [[BrahMos Aerospace|BrahMos Aerospace Limited]]
| unit_cost = $12.5 million (est.)
| propellant =
| production_date =
| service =
| engine = [[Scramjet]]
| engine_power =
| weight =
| length =
| height =
| diameter =
| no. builts =
| wingspan =
| speed = {{convert|8|Mach|km/h mph m/s}}
| vehicle_range = {{convert|1500|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| ceiling =
| altitude =
| filling =
| guidance =
| detonation =
| launch_platform = Ship, submarine, aircraft and land-based mobile launchers.
}}
'''BrahMos-II''' or '''BrahMos-2''' or '''BrahMos Mark II''' is a [[hypersonic]] [[scramjet]]-propelled missile currently under joint development by [[India]]'s [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] and [[Russia]]'s [[NPO Mashinostroyenia]], which have together formed [[BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited]]. The BrahMos-II is expected to have a range of {{convert|1500|km|mi nmi|abbr=}}<ref name=brahmos2_official/> and a speed of [[Mach number|Mach]] 8. During the cruise stage of flight, the missile will be propelled by a [[scramjet]] [[airbreathing jet engine]].<ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.indianexpress.com/news/hypersonic-brahmos-version-missile-to-be-ready-by-2017/967830/#| title= Hypersonic BrahMos version missile to be ready by 2017| date=28 June 2012}}</ref><ref name="indiatimes1">{{cite news|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-10-09/news/30260244_1_air-version-stealth-supersonic-cruise-missile-india-s-defence-research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303085721/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-10-09/news/30260244_1_air-version-stealth-supersonic-cruise-missile-india-s-defence-research |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 March 2012 |title=Hypersonic version of Brahmos missile on the way with Mach 7 |publisher=The Economic Times |date=9 October 2011 |access-date=10 October 2011}}</ref> Other details, including production cost and physical dimensions of the missile, are yet to be published.<ref>{{cite web|title=Brahmos to Launch Submarine Version of the Missile, Hike Up Speed to Mach 7 for Hypersonic Version|url=http://www.defencenow.com/news/833/brahmos-to-launch-submarine-version-of-the-missile-hike-up-speed-to-mach-7-for-hypersonic-version.html|access-date=14 Aug 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426051552/http://www.defencenow.com/news/833/brahmos-to-launch-submarine-version-of-the-missile-hike-up-speed-to-mach-7-for-hypersonic-version.html|archive-date=26 April 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.philstar.com/breaking-news/735577/india-russia-work-hypersonic-stealth-cruise-missile | title=India, Russia work on hypersonic stealth cruise missile | publisher=philSTAR.com | date=9 October 2011 | access-date=24 March 2013}}</ref><ref name=brahmos2_official>{{cite web|title=India, Russia to develop new hypersonic cruise missile :: BrahMos.com|url=http://www.brahmos.com/newscenter.php?newsid=102|publisher=brahmos.com Official Website of Brahmos|access-date=23 February 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101212050609/http://brahmos.com/newscenter.php?newsid=102|archive-date=12 December 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

The planned operational range of the BrahMos-II had initially been restricted to 290 kilometres as Russia is a signatory to the [[Missile Technology Control Regime]] (MTCR), which prohibits it from helping other countries develop missiles with ranges above {{convert|300|km|mi nmi}}. However, subsequent to India becoming a MTCR signatory in 2014, the parameters for Brahmos 2 will get enhanced.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/india-joins-mtcr-7-things-the-country-stands-to-gain/articleshow/52934056.cms |title =India joins MTCR: 7 things the country stands to gain |website = Economic Times| date =12 July 2017 |access-date =26 July 2021}}</ref> Its top speed will be double that of the current BrahMos-I, and it has been described as the fastest cruise missile in the world.<ref name="brahmosII_eco">{{cite news|title=BrahMos 2 Hypersonic Missile to be ready in five years|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-01-10/news/30611918_1_brahmos-aerospace-air-version-brahmos-missile|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004222731/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-01-10/news/30611918_1_brahmos-aerospace-air-version-brahmos-missile|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 October 2013|access-date=23 February 2012|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=10 January 2012}}</ref>

Testing was planned to start in 2020 has been delayed <ref>{{cite news |url =https://eurasiantimes.com/brahmos-ii-missile-program-to-greatly-benefit-from-the-successful-test-of-russian-zircon-hypersonic-missile/ |title =BrahMos-II Missile Program To Greatly Benefit From The Successful Test Of Russian Zircon Hypersonic Missile| website =Eurasian Times |date =22 July 2021 |access-date =26 July 2021 }}</ref> but is now expected to be ready by 2026 or 2027 for flight testing. The missile is expected to be weighted around 1.33 tonnes, about half the weight of the current air-launched missile at 2.65 tonnes. With this advantage of light weight and "is a sleeker air launched missile than the current variant, and is in advanced stages of development. It should be ready for flight testing in a year or so,” a defence official said, adding it would be ready for production and induction in one to two years after that.<ref name="Peri">{{Cite news |last=Peri |first=Dinakar |date=2025-05-21 |title=Development of longer range BrahMos missile as well as sleeker BrahMos-NG variant on track |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/development-of-longer-range-brahmos-missile-as-well-as-sleeker-brahmos-ng-variant-on-track/article69602331.ece |access-date=2025-05-23 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Being much lighter, the BrahMos-NG can be mounted on other fighters, including the indigenous Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=LCA Tejas |url=https://www.lcatejas.com/ |access-date=2025-05-23 |website=www.lcatejas.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Peri"/>

Fourth-generation multi-purpose Russian Naval destroyers ([[Project 21956]]) are also likely to be equipped with the BrahMos II.<ref>{{cite web|author=Sandeep Unnithan |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/index.php?issueid=97&id=32769&option=com_content&task=view&sectionid=4 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710170235/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/index.php?issueid=97&id=32769&option=com_content&task=view&sectionid=4 |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 July 2012 |title=Govt okays construction of 4 more stealth destroyers |publisher=Indiatoday.intoday.in |date=18 March 2009 |access-date=2012-02-23}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=April 2022}}

BrahMos Aerospace named the missile ''BrahMos-II (K)'' in honour of the former [[President of India]], [[APJ Abdul Kalam]].<ref name=htsingh>{{cite news|last1=Singh|first1=Rahul|title=India's tribute to Missile Man: New BrahMos gets Kalam name|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-s-tribute-to-missile-man-new-brahmos-gets-kalam-name/article1-1377718.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150808144123/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-s-tribute-to-missile-man-new-brahmos-gets-kalam-name/article1-1377718.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 August 2015|access-date=7 August 2015|publisher=Hindustan Times|date=8 August 2015}}</ref>

The CEO of the joint Indo-Russian BrahMos programme, Atul Rane, stated in 2022, a future BrahMos-II will likely have similar characteristics to the [[3M22 Zircon]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Modified Version Of BrahMos Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Successfully Tested; Hits Target With Pinpoint Accuracy |url=https://eurasiantimes.com/modified-version-of-brahmos-anti-ship-cruise-missile-successfully-tested-hits-target-with-pinpoint-accuracy/ |website=Eurasian Times Desk|date=28 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Naval News |date=2022-08-02 |title=Hypersonic BrahMos-II missile may include tech from Tsirkon missile |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2022/08/hypersonic-brahmos-ii-missile-may-include-tech-from-tsirkon-missile/ |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=Naval News |language=en-US}}</ref>

According to reports published in April 2023, India has requested Russia for the [[Technology transfer|transfer of technology]] (ToT) for the Russian [[3M22 Zircon]] hypersonic cruise missile, upon which the BrahMos-II (K) will be based.<ref>{{cite web|author=IgMp |url=https://www.theigmp.org/2024/10/russia-to-transfer-technology-of-zircon-tsirkon-hypersonic-cruise-missile-brahmosiik.html |title=Russia to transfer technology of Zircon/Tsirkon hypersonic cruise missile to India for BrahMos-II(K) missile |publisher=India's growing Military power theigmp.org |date=April 1, 2023 |access-date=April 2, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-10 |title=India, Russia to jointly develop Brahmos-II Hypersonic Missile Version - Defence & Aerospace Research Forum |url=https://thedefencespace.com/2023/04/10/india-russia-to-jointly-develop-brahmos-ii-hypersonic-missile-version/ |access-date=2023-12-26 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=India to get deadly Zircon missile technology from Russia, may develop BrahMos-II |url=https://www.firstpost.com/world/india-to-get-deadly-zircon-missile-technology-from-russia-may-develop-brahmos-ii-12411612.html |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=Firstpost |language=en}}</ref>

==Testing==
[[Defence Research and Development Organisation|DRDO]] reportedly tested the scramjet combustor of Brahmos-II for over 1,000 seconds in April 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-04 |title=After BrahMos's Op Sindoor success, India ramps up hypersonic missile development|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/brahmos-supersonic-missile-india-operation-sindoor-pak-terror-bases-attack-2735570-2025-06-04|access-date=2025-06-23 |website=India Today|language=en}}</ref>
BrahMos-II variant was again tested in May 2025 in the Bay of Bengal where it achieved a range of 800 kilometres.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-07 |title=India Accelerates Brahmos-II Development: Next-generation hypersonic missile set to reach Mach 7 speed|url=https://www.zeebiz.com/india/news-pahalgam-terror-attack-aftermath-india-accelerates-brahmos-ii-development-next-generation-hypersonic-missile-set-to-reach-mach-7-speed-359683|access-date=2025-06-23 |website=Zee Business|language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|India|Russia|Rocketry|Nuclear technology}}
* [[Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle|DRDO HSTDV]]
* [[Zircon (missile)|Zircon]] maneuvering hypersonic missile<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ren.tv/novosti/2017-04-15/ekspert-rasskazal-o-supersposobnosti-rakety-cirkon-preodolet-sistemy-pro|title=Эксперт рассказал о суперспособности ракеты "Циркон" преодолеть системы ПРО|date=15 April 2017|website=РЕН ТВ}}</ref>
* [[Shaurya (missile)]]
* [[BrahMos|Brahmos]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.brahmos.com/|BrahMos Missile official website}}

{{Indian missiles}}
{{Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)}}
{{Russian and Soviet missiles}}

[[Category:Cruise missiles]]
[[Category:Anti-ship cruise missiles of India]]
[[Category:Anti-ship cruise missiles of Russia]]
[[Category:Scramjet-powered missiles]]
[[Category:India–Russia relations]]
[[Category:NPO Mashinostroyeniya products]]
[[Category:Hypersonic cruise missiles]]

BrahMos-II - Revision history

DesignersX at 07:56, 25 November 2025