223.177.179.17 at 10:25, 8 October 2021

2021-10-08T10:25:28Z

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{{Short description|Hindustani raga}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox raga
| name = Vrindavani Sarang
| image_name =
| image_alt =
| thaat = [[Kafi (thaat)|Kafi]]
| type =
| time = Early afternoon, 12–3
Day Third Prahar
| season = Summer
| Arohana = S R m P N S'
| Avarohana = S' n P m R S N S
| vadi = Re
| samavadi = Pa
| pakad = Ni Sa Re Ma Re Pa Ma Re Ni Sa
| chalan =
| synonym =
| equivalent = Lankadahan Sarang (sometimes also called as Lankadahani Sarang.), Shuddha Sarang, Miya Ki Sarang, Madhumad Sarang.<ref>http://www.tanarang.com/english/vrindavani-sarang_eng.htm</ref>
| similar = {{transl|hi|[[Megh (raga)|Megh]] and Madhumad sarang (komal ni)}}
}}

'''Brindavani Sarang''' or '''Brindabani Sarang''', also known as raga '''Sarang''', is a [[Hindustani classical music|Hindustani classical]] [[raga]]. It is also called '''Vridavani Sarang'''. This raga falls under the category of [[Sarang ragas]].

== Theory ==
Brindabani Sarang is a [[Kafi (thaat)|Kafi]] [[thaat]] [[raga]]. It was created by [[Swami Haridas]]. The associated mythology being that he brought Lord [[Krishna]] to earth by singing this raga who took the form of an idol which can still be seen in [[Mathura]].
One of the famous Ragas for the Sarang {{transl|hi|raagang}}, it is a popular {{transl|hi|raag}} of this family, together with Shuddha Sarang, and Madhyamad Sarang.
The name Brindavani Sarang is a testament to its popularity in the region around Mathura.

The notes ''Ga'' and ''Dha'' are not used in this raga.
A characteristic of all Sarang is the way ''Rishab'' (Re) is sung. The Rishabh is not accorded embellishments, so it is sung without any ''meenḍ'' of adjacent ''swara''s neither with any ''andolan''. This preeminence of Re makes the ''swar'' the ''vadi'' of this Raga as also for all other varieties of this family ({{transl|hi|raagang}}).

Another dominant phrase is Sa - Ni - Pa, also used in many other ragas, notably the popular Kanhada family.
The distinguishing factor being that the Ni in Kanhada's S-N-P takes a ''kaṇ'' of the Pa (of {{transl|hi|uttarang}}), with a {{transl|hi|ghaseeṭa}} effect, whereas the Ni of Sa-Ni-Pa in Sarang is rendered pure.

Brindavani Sarang's classification in thaat Kaafi is peculiar as it uses the shuddha form of "Ni" in its Aaroha, whereas the {{transl|hi|komala}} form of "ni" and "ga" is the main characteristic of the Kaafi thaat. So it is possible to make a mistake in identifying its thaat as [[Khamaj]].<ref>{{cite web |author1=Ramashreya Jha 'Ramrang' |title=The Sarang Family |url=https://www.parrikar.org/hindustani/sarang/ |website=Rajan Parrikar Music Archive |access-date=21 September 2019}}</ref>

This raga evokes the [[Sringara|sringara rasa]] - romantic love.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Shastriya Raag Darshan|last=Yagnik|first=Hasu|publisher=Gurjar Granthratna Karyalay|year=2013|isbn=978-81-8480-826-1}}</ref>

=== Arohana and Avarohana ===

[[Arohana]]: N S R M P N S'<ref>http://www.tanarang.com/english/vrindavani-sarang_eng.htm</ref>

[[Avarohana]]: {{transl|hi|italic=no|S' n P M R S N S}}<ref>http://www.tanarang.com/english/vrindavani-sarang_eng.htm</ref>

Ni ''[[svara]]'' is ''Shuddha'' in ''Arohana'' and ''Komal'' in Avarohana.

=== Vadi and Samavadi ===

[[Vadi (music)|Vadi]]: [[Re (svara)|Rishabha]] (re)<ref>http://www.tanarang.com/english/vrindavani-sarang_eng.htm</ref>

[[Samavadi]]: [[Pa (svara)|Panchama]] (pa)<ref>http://www.tanarang.com/english/vrindavani-sarang_eng.htm</ref>

===Pakad or Chalan===
Ni Sa Re Ma Re Pa Ma Re Ni Sa

R M P n - PMR, M- R n S R-S

===Organisation and relationships===
[[Thaat]]: [[Kafi Thaat]]<ref>http://www.tanarang.com/english/vrindavani-sarang_eng.htm</ref>

=== Samay (Time) ===
Madhyanah (noon), Afternoon.<ref>http://www.tanarang.com/english/vrindavani-sarang_eng.htm</ref>

It is generally sung as Rajasthani folksongs.

===Seasonality===
It is generally regarded as a {{transl|hi|raga}} of summer season.

===Rasa===
Shringar Rasa: The Rasa of Romance. It creates a romantic and mystic atmosphere.

=== Related Raga ===
Madhumad Sarang has the Shuddha Ni dropped or Varjit (excluded).<ref>http://www.tanarang.com/english/madhumad-sarang_eng.htm</ref> It is still considered a chanchal raga.
Megh malhar has same notes but it is Dhrupad ''anga'' raga and is serious in rendering, with a lot of {{transl|hi|meenḍ}}. Another distinguishing factor is that while Rishabh is used extensively in Megh Malhar (as also in Sarang), the Rishabh there takes a very strong meenḍ from Madhyam (Me), a salient in the singing of ''meenḍ''-heavy Megh.

== Carnatic compositions ==
''Kamalaptakula'' by [[Tyagaraja]]

{{transl|hi|Soundara raajam aashraye}} and ''Rangapura Vihara'' by [[Muthuswami Dikshitar|Muthuswami Deekshithar]]

''Aathma Nivedanam'' by [[Thulaseevanam]]

''Eke mamathe kottu'' by [[Gopala Dasa]] in [[Kannada]]

''Arige Vadhuvade'' By [[Purandara Dasa]]

''Ranga banda brindavanadalli by [[Vyasatirtha]] in [[Kannada]]

''Ananda Mayage'' By [[Vadiraja Tirtha]]

''Iko Node Ranganathana'' By [[Sripadaraja]]

''Amburuhânanâ'' by [[Kalyani Varadarajan]]

''Kaliyuga Varadhan'' by [[Periyasami Thooran]]

''Thillana'' in Brindavani Sarang by [[M. Balamuralikrishna]]

== Film songs ==
=== Tamil language ===
{|class="wikitable"
!Song
!Movie
!Composer
!Singer
|-
|Pon Ondru Kanden
|[[Padithal Mattum Podhuma]]
| rowspan="5" |[[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[P. B. Sreenivas]]
|-
|Poo Varaiyum
|[[Idhayathil Nee]]
|[[P. B. Sreenivas]]
|-
|Thangamagal Vayatril
|[[Vaazhkai Padagu]]
| rowspan="2" |[[P. Susheela]]
|-
|En Aasaiyum Unnodu
|[[Thirudan]]
|-
|Thangachi Chinna Ponnu
|[[Karuppu Panam]]
|[[Sirkazhi Govindarajan]], [[L. R. Eswari]]
|-
|Nathaswara Osaiyile Devan
|[[Poovum Pottum]]
|R. Govarthanam
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Pudhiyadhor Ulagam Seivom
|[[Chandhrodhayam]]
| rowspan="3" |[[M. S. Viswanathan]]
|[[Sirkazhi Govindarajan]]
|-
|Nee Punniyam Seithaval
|Punniyam Seithaval
|[[Vani Jairam]]
|-
|Sonnalthane Theriyum
|[[Ranuva Veeran]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. P. Sailaja]]
|-
|Manathil Ore Oru
|[[En Purushanthaan Enakku Mattumthaan]]
|rowspan="10"|[[Ilaiyaraaja]]
|[[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Methuva Thanthi
|[[Thalattu]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[Minmini]]
|-
|Kallukkulle Vandha Eeram Enna
|[[Manithanin Marupakkam]]
|rowspan="2"|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Mannaiyam Ponnaiyum
|[[Nadodi Pattukkaran]]
|-
|Poongatre Thendathey
|[[Kunguma Chimil]]
|[[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Oru Pokiri Raathiri
|[[Idhu Namma Bhoomi]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Jilla Mulukka
|[[Priyanka (1994 film)|Priyanka]]
|rowspan=2|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Kaveri Aaru
|[[Themmangu Paattukaaran]]
|-
|Maadethile Kanni
|[[Veera (1994 film)|Veera]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Maalaigal Idam
|[[December Pookal]]
|rowspan=2|[[K.J. Yesudas]], [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Ravivarman
|[[Vasanthi (1988 film)|Vasanthi]]
|rowspan=2|[[Chandrabose (composer)|Chandrabose]]
|-
|Ilayavale
|[[Chinna Chinna Aasaigal]]
|[[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Maragatha Vallikku Manakkolam
|[[Anbulla Appa]]
|[[Shankar–Ganesh]]
|[[K.J. Yesudas]]
|-
|Chandiranai Thottathu Yaar
|[[Ratchagan]]
|rowspan="3"|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|Velli Malarae
|[[Jodi (1999 film)|Jodi]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|-
|Konjum Mainakkale
|[[Kandukondain Kandukondain]]
|[[Sadhana Sargam]]
|-
|Radhai Manathil
|[[Snegithiye]]
|rowspan="4"|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[K. S. Chithra]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], Sangeetha Sajith
|-
|Kandaen Kandaen
|[[Madhurey]]
|[[Madhu Balakrishnan]], [[Sadhana Sargam]]
|-
|Naan Varaindhu Vaitha
|[[Jayamkondaan]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Madhushree]]
|-
|Pachhai Kaatre
|[[Abhiyum Naanum]]
|[[Sadhana Sargam]]
|-
|Poongatre Thinamum Theduren
|Thangarasu
|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Aathangarai Thoppukulla
|[[Rayilukku Neramachu]]
|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|[[Malaysia Vasudevan]], [[S. P. Sailaja]]
|-
|Aantha Avasthai
|[[February 14 (film)|February 14]]
|[[Bharadwaj (music director)|Bharadwaj]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
|Aanandha Yaazhai
|[[Thanga Meenkal]]
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|[[Sriram Parthasarathy]]
|-
|Thendral Thendral
|[[Raasi (film)|Raasi]]
|rowspan=3|[[Sirpy]]
|[[P. Unnikrishnan]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Malligaipoo Alagil
|Annai Vayal
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Kadhalmazhai Vanthu Adikuthu
|Nesi
|Balram, [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|Pillai Thamarai
|[[Album (2002 film)|Album]]
|[[Karthik Raja]]
|[[Madhu Balakrishnan]]
|-
|Ghoomar
|[[Padmaavat|Padmavati]]
|[[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Divya Kumar (singer)|Divya Kumar]]
|-
|Nenjorathil
|[[Pichaikkaran]]
|[[Vijay Antony]]
|Deepak Doddera, Supriya Joshi
|-
|Veyil Mazhayae
|[[Mehandi Circus]]
|[[Sean Roldan]]
|Vignesh Ishwar, Susha
|-
|Theeranadhi
|[[Maara]]
|[[Ghibran]]
|[[Padmalatha]]
|}

=== Hindi language ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Song
!Movie
!Composer
!Lyricist
!Singer
|-
|Ghoomar Ghoomar<ref>{{Citation|title="Padmaavat Song" Ghoomar: Deepika Padukone, Shahid Kapoor, Ranveer Singh{{!}}Shreya Ghoshal, Swaroop Khan|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6cKErCWrb44|language=en|access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref>
|[[Padmaavat]]
|[[Sanjay Leela Bhansali|Sanjay Leela Bhansai]]
|A M Turaz
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|}

=== Malayalam language ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Song
!Movie
!Composer
!Singer
|-
|Oru Narupushpamayi
|[[Meghamalhar]]
|[[Ramesh Narayan]]
|[[Yesudas]]
|-
|Mazhayil Rathri Mazhayil
|[[Karutha Pakshikal]]
|[[Mohan Sithara]]
|[[Manjari (Indian singer)|Manjari]]
|}

===Other songs===
{| class="wikitable"
!Song
!Language
!Album
!Composer
!Lyricist
!Singer
!Audio Label
|-
|Dhimi Dhimi
|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|Kaiwara Yogi
|Mahesh Mahadev
|Yogi Nareyana
|[[Priyadarshini (singer)|Priyadarshini]], [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], Mahesh Mahadev
|PM Audios
|-
| Navarathriya Ee
|Kannada
|Navarthriya Navavaibhava
|[[Bharadwaj (music director)|Bharadwaj]]
|Mahesh Mahadev
|[[Priyadarshini (singer)|Priyadarshini]], Mahesh Mahadev
|PM Audios
|-
| Namma Kannada Rajyotsava
|Kannada
|Namma Kannada Rajyotsava
|Mahesh Mahadev
|Mahesh Mahadev
|[[Priyadarshini (singer)|Priyadarshini]], Mahesh Mahadev
|
|-
|Dhara Hogi
|Hindi
|[[Bandish Bandits]]
|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy|Shankar Ehsaan Loy]]
|Sameer Samant
|[[Shankar Mahadevan]]
|[[Sony Music India|Sony Music]] / [[Amazon Sellers|Amazon Sellers Pvt. Ltd.]]
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*Bor, Joep ''(ed).'' Rao, Suvarnalata; der Meer, Wim van; Harvey, Jane ''(co-authors)'' ''The Raga Guide: A Survey of 74 Hindustani Ragas''. Zenith Media, London: 1999.

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070514235610/http://www.itcsra.org/sra_others_samay_index.html SRA on Samay and Ragas]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070514234610/http://www.itcsra.org/sra_raga/sra_raga_that/sra_raga_that_index.html SRA on Ragas and Thaats]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070510143551/http://www.sawf.org/music/articles.asp?pn=Music Rajan Parrikar on Ragas]
* [http://chandrakantha.com/raga_raag/film_song_raga/brindavani_sarang.shtml Film Songs in Rag Brindavani Sarang]
* [http://oceanofragas.com/ocean_htmlpages/Brindavani_Sarang.html More details about raga Brindavani Sarang]

{{Rāgas as per Performance Time}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brindabani Sarang}}
[[Category:Hindustani ragas]]
[[Category:Janya ragas (kharaharapriya)]]

Brindavani Sarang - Revision history

223.177.179.17 at 10:25, 8 October 2021