Aurelia2406 at 22:53, 13 March 2026

2026-03-13T22:53:47Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Budaun
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = Bhamashah Chowk Budaun 01.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Bhamashah Chowk, Budaun
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = Right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|28.05|N|79.12|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of regions of India|Region]]
| subdivision_type3 = Division
| subdivision_type4 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Rohilkhand]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Bareilly division|Bareilly]]
| subdivision_name4 = [[Budaun district|Budaun]]
| established_title = Settled
| established_date = 905AD (Modern City), 220BC (Ancient City)
| founder =
| named_for = Prince Budh
| government_type =
| governing_body = Budaun Municipal Council
| leader_title1 = Chairman
| leader_name1 = Fatma Raza
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 81
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 164
| population_total = 159,221
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes = <ref name=2011census />
| population_density_km2 = 5489
| population_metro =
| population_metro_footnotes =
| population_rank = 17
| population_demonym = Badayuni
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 243601
| area_code = 05832
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-UP-BD]]
| registration_plate = UP-24
| unemployment_rate =
| blank1_name_sec1 = Coastline
| blank1_info_sec1 = {{Convert|0|km|mi}}
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Climatic regions of India|HS-TH]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])
| website = {{URL|http://www.badaun.nic.in/}}
| footnotes = Also known as 'City of Saints' or 'Madinat ul Awliya', famous for its Pedas, 'Mentha City' of India.
| leader_title2 = [[Member of Parliament (India)|MP]]
| leader_name2 = [[Aditya Yadav]]
| leader_title3 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]]
| leader_name3 = [[Mahesh Chandra Gupta]]
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Urdu language|Urdu]], English
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = 907 female/1000 male
| blank3_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank3_info_sec1 = 73.00%
| blank4_name_sec1 = Civic agency
| blank4_info_sec1 = Budaun Development Authority
| blank5_name_sec1 = Governing body
| blank5_info_sec1 = [[Government of UP]] [[Government of India]]
| blank2_name_sec2 = [[Precipitation (meteorology)|Precipitation]]
| blank2_info_sec2 = {{convert|843|mm|in}}
| blank3_name_sec2 = Avg. annual temperature
| blank3_info_sec2 = {{convert|27.5|°C|°F}}
| blank4_name_sec2 = Avg. summer temperature
| blank4_info_sec2 = {{convert|39.8|°C|°F}}
| blank5_name_sec2 = Avg. winter temperature
| blank5_info_sec2 = {{convert|11.5|°C|°F}}
| official_name =
| leader_title4 =
| leader_name4 =
}}
'''Budaun''' ([[Hindi–Urdu transliteration|romanised]]: Badāʾūn or Badāyūn, {{IPA|hi|bəd̪aːjũː}}) is a medieval city and headquarters of [[Budaun district]],<ref name="District census">{{cite web | url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/520-budaun.html | title=Budaun District : Census 2011 data | publisher=Indian Census 2011 | access-date=17 January 2014}}</ref> in the [[India|Indian]] state of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. It is located about a mile east of the [[Sot River|Sot river]], and 27 km north of the [[Ganges river|Ganges]],<ref name="badaun.nic.in">{{Cite web |url=http://badaun.nic.in/ |title=Nic Budaun Welcomes You |access-date=21 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721163216/http://badaun.nic.in/ |archive-date=21 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> in the [[Rohilkhand]] [[:File:UP region map.gif|region of Uttar Pradesh]]. According to the [[List of cities in India by population|2011 census]], Budaun has a population of 159,221, which is projected to be 161,555 at present.<ref>{{Cite web |last=World Population Review |title=Population of Cities in India 2023 |url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/cities/india}}</ref> Budaun rose to historical importance as the capital of the [[Delhi Sultanate]] for four years from 1210 CE to 1214 CE during the reign of [[Sultan]] [[Iltutmish]]. It was the most important post of Northern Frontier during [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] reign. Budaun is a big market, historically famous and religiously important city. Budaun is 230 km south-east of [[New Delhi]] and 245 km north-west of Lucknow, both taking about 6 hours by road.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mapsofindia.com/distance/new-delhi-to-badaun.html|title=Distance between New Delhi and Badaun, New Delhi to Badaun Distance}}</ref>

== Etymology and archaeology ==
Prof. Goti John referred this city was named ''Bedamooth'' in an ancient inscription based on stone scripts at the [[State Museum Lucknow|Lucknow Museum]]. Later this region was called [[Panchala]]. According to the lines on stone scripts there was a village ''Bhadaunlak'' near the city. The Muslim historian Roz Khan Lodhi said that [[Ashoka The Great]] built a Buddh Vihar and [[Chusquea quila|Quila]]; he named it ''BuddhMau'' ([[Budaun Fort]]). According to George Smith, Budaun was named after the prince Budh.<ref name="Smith1882">{{cite book|author=George Smith|title=The student's geography of India: the geography of British India : political and physical|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bm0qAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA223|access-date=17 February 2012|year=1882|publisher=John Murray|pages=223–}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/badaun-shortage-of-milk-in-kilk-prodective-area-10672897.html|title = अहीर राजा बुद्ध की नगरी में दूध के लिए मारामारी}}</ref>

===Recent archaeology===
Though [[Budaun]] is an ancient as well as archaeologically rich city, it has not received much attention or importance in terms of archaeology. Recently, in a village in Budaun known as Kheda Jalalpur village, fragments of Hindu temple idols, ancient bricks have been recovered from the mound of that village. According to the [[Archaeological Survey of India|ASI]], these remains belong to the post-[[Gupta Period|Gupta period]] (7th-8th century).

==History==
According to the (Budaun District, Govt. of Uttar Pradesh) mythological stories, Budaun was named after prince Budh [[Ahir]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=जिले के बारे में {{!}} ज़िला बदायूँ उत्तर प्रदेश सरकार {{!}} India |url=https://budaun.nic.in/hi/%e0%a4%9c%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b2%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0/ |access-date=2026-02-03 |language=hi-IN}}</ref> The local tradition regarding this city is that it was founded in 905 A.D. by a prince whose name was Budh and after whom it was called Budaun.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Museum |first1=Indian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1pf_8hvYWtsC&dq=budaun+founded+Ahir&pg=PA384 |title=Catalogue and Hand-book of the Archaeological Collections in the Indian Museum |last2=Anderson |first2=John |date=1883 |publisher=order of the trustees |language=en}}</ref> The ruins of Prasidh (a town on the [[Ramganga]]) and the coins discovered at Pachoma near [[Bareilly]] point to the existence of an [[Ahir|Ahir dynasty]] around the borders of Badaun and Bareilly in the distant past.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K8wq7lDHz0EC |title=The Illustrated Weekly of India |date=1974 |publisher=Published for the proprietors, Bennett, Coleman & Company, Limited, at the Times of India Press |pages=29 |language=en}}</ref> An inscription, probably of the 12th century, gives a list of twelve [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] kings reigning at Budaun then called Vodamāyuta. Kanauj was conquered after 1085 by Mahmūd, the son of the Ghaznavid Sultān, driving out the Rāshtrakūta chief. This the Rāshtrakūta chief then move their capital to Vodamāyuta, where they ruled until conquered by [[Qutb-ud-din Aibak]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Majumdar|first1=Ramesh Chandra|title=Ancient India|date=1977|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=9788120804364|page=315|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XNxiN5tzKOgC&q=%22Vodamayuta%22&pg=PA315|access-date=23 May 2017|language=en}}</ref>
[[Image:Missions and missionary society of the Methodist Episcopal Church (1895) (14762905532).jpg|thumb|left|Mission House of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Budaun (1895)]]

The first authentic historical event connected with it, however, was its capture by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1196, after which it became a very important post on the northern frontier of the [[Delhi]] empire. In 1223, a [[mosque]] of imposing size, crowned with a dome, was built. In the 13th century two of its governors, Shams-ud-din Iltutmish, the builder of the mosque referred above, and his son [[Rukn ud din Firuz]], attained the imperial throne. In 1571 the town was burnt, and about a hundred years later, under [[Shah Jahan]], the seat of the governorship was transferred to Sahaspur-Bilari. Budaun and its district was ceded to the British government in 1801 by the [[Nawab]] of [[Oudh]].<ref name="eb">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Budaun|volume=4|page=737}}</ref>

In 1911, Budaun was a town and district of [[British Raj|British]] India, in the [[Rohilkhand]] division of the [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Provinces]]. At the time, an American Methodist mission maintained several girls' schools and a high school for boys.<ref name=eb/>

==Politics==
[[Aditya Yadav]] is the MP of the Budaun Constituency and is the son of [[Shivpal Singh Yadav]]. According to British historian [[M. A. Sherring|Matthew Atmore Sherring]], they came from [[Hansi]] and [[Hisar (district)|Hisar]] in [[Haryana]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/hindutribesandc00shergoog | page=[https://archive.org/details/hindutribesandc00shergoog/page/n266 237] | quote=Ahirs. |title = Hindu Tribes and Castes| publisher=Thacker, Spink & Company |last1 = Sherring|first1 = Matthew Atmore|year = 1872}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Budaun City (2011)<ref name=census2011>{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/119-budaun.html |title=Budaun City Population Census 2011 |website=Census 2011 India |publisher=Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India |access-date=29 November 2015}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|55.15}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|43.94}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity]]|blue|0.62}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|yellow|0.21}}
{{bar percent|Others†|black|0.08}}
|caption=Distribution of religions
}}

{{As of|2011}} census, Budaun City had a population of 159,221 (83,475 male 75,746 female = 1000/907), 39,613 (12.3%) of whom were aged 0–6. The adult literacy rate was 73.%. The widely spoken language in the city is Hindi and Awadhi. The sex ratio of Budaun city is 907 per 1000 males. Child sex ratio of girls is 882 per 1000 boys. The area of the city is 81 square km. Budaun Metro Area have a population of around 417000{{citation needed|date=February 2021}} and an area of {{cvt|103|sqkm}} With Badaun City, it includes Shekhupur, Bahedi, Islamganj, Chandanpur, Salarpur, Salarpur Industrial Estate, Shekhupur Firing Range, Padauna and Khera Buzurg.
<ref name=2011census>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title = Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 |access-date = 7 July 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=28770|title = Untitled Page}}</ref>

==Education==
[[File:Govt Medical college Budaun 01.jpg|thumb|Budaun Medical College]]
Higher Education institutions in the city include the Government Degree College, Government Girls Degree College and NMNS Dass College,<ref>{{cite web |title=Colleges/Universities {{!}} District Budaun Government Of Uttar Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://budaun.nic.in/public-utility-category/colleges/ |access-date=21 January 2024}}</ref> all affiliated to [[Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University]], [[Bareilly]]. The [[Government Medical College Badaun, UP|Budaun Medical College]], a full-fledged tertiary government Medical college and hospital was established in 2019. The college is affiliated with the [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee Medical University]], [[Lucknow]] and is recognized by the [[National Medical Commission]].<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Colleges, National Medical Commission|url=https://www.nmc.org.in/information-desk/for-students-to-study-in-india/list-of-college-teaching-mbbs/}}</ref>

==Transport==
[[File:Badaun Railway Station Shed.jpg|thumb|left|[[Budaun railway station]]]]
Badaun is well connected with the rest of the state through roads and rail services, however the city lacks an airport. The nearest airport is the [[Bareilly Airport]] – a [[Joint-use airport#Civil enclave|civil enclave]] at the [[Indian Air Force]]'s 'Trishul Air Base' in [[Izzatnagar]] neighborhood of [[Bareilly]], which is located at a distance of {{convert|60|km}} from the city. The [[Indira Gandhi International Airport]], located in [[Delhi]] is the nearest International Airport.

The [[Budaun railway station]] is the primary railway station serving the city. Budaun is a Category-'NSG 05' station of the [[Indian Railways]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Number of stations - NER |url=https://ner.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1701769399327-No%20of%20Stations.pdf |access-date=21 January 2024}}</ref> and is located on the Bareilly-Kasganj Rail line under the [[Izzatnagar railway division]] of the [[North Eastern Railway zone]]. Train Services in Budaun were startes after the completion of the {{convert|63|mi|km}} long ''Kasganj Extension Line'' from Bareilly to [[Soron]] in 1885 by the [[Rohilkund and Kumaon Railway]].<ref name=Admin1918>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n204/mode/1up "Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta; page 196]; Retrieved 8 December 2016</ref>

The [[National Highway 530B (India)|National Highway 530B]] passes through the city and connects it with [[Bareilly]] and [[Mathura]].<ref>{{cite news |title=खुशखबरी : एनएच-530बी के नाम से जानिए अब मथुरा-बरेली मार्ग |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/aligarh-city-know-the-name-of-the-good-news-nh-530b-now-the-mathura-bareilly-route-18325510.html |access-date=18 April 2021 |work=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref> A number of [[List of state highways in Uttar Pradesh|State Highways]] also pass through the city.<ref name=UPPWDSHList>{{cite web |title=Complete Road_Detail's_SH |url=http://uppwd.up.nic.in/pdf/SH_Road_List.pdf |author=Public Works Department |publisher = [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]] |access-date=23 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611081808/http://uppwd.up.nic.in/pdf/SH_Road_List.pdf |archive-date=11 June 2016 }}</ref> Prominent among them are the UP State Highway 18, connecting Budaun with [[Meerut]], UP State Highway 43, connecting Budaun with [[Moradabad]] & [[Farrukhabad]] and UP State Highway 51, which connects Budaun with [[Gajraula]] & [[Bijnor]]. Inter-city bus services to and from the city are operated from the Budaun bus station by the [[Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation]] and private operators. The Budaun bus station as well as the Budaun Depot come under the Bareilly region of UPSRTC.<ref>{{cite web |title=Services {{!}} Depot & Bus Stations {{!}} Official Website of Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation, Government of Uttar Pradesh, India. |url=http://www.upsrtc.com/en/page/depot-amp;-bus-stations |website=www.upsrtc.com |access-date=6 June 2021 |archive-date=21 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210621171441/http://upsrtc.com/en/page/depot-amp;-bus-stations |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About us {{!}} Organisation Structure {{!}} Official Website of Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation, Government of Uttar Pradesh, India. |url=http://www.upsrtc.com/en/page/organisation-structure |website=www.upsrtc.com |access-date=6 June 2021 |archive-date=21 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210621170030/http://upsrtc.com/en/page/organisation-structure |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Notable people ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=March 2024}}


{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|

*[[ʽAbd al-Qadir Badayuni]]
*[[Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni]]
*[[Abida Ahmed]]
*[[Ada Jafri]]
*[[Ahmad Yar Khan Naeemi]]
*[[Ale Ahmad Suroor]]
*[[Alhaj Shamim Uddin]]
*[[Bekhud Badayuni]]
*[[Dilawar Figar]]
*[[Fani Badayuni]]
*[[Ghulam Mustafa Khan (singer)|Ghulam Mustafa Khan]] Hindustani classical vocalist
*[[Iltutmish]]
*[[Inayat Hussain Khan]]
*[[Iqbal Hussain Khan Bandanawazi]]
*[[Ismat Chughtai]]
*[[Jeelani Bano]]
*[[Moulvi Fakhrey Alam]]
*[[Mahesh Chandra Gupta]]
* [[Muhammad Afzal Hussain Qadri]]
*[[Nakhshabi]]
*[[Nisar Hussain Khan]]
*[[Nizamuddin Auliya]] – Sufi saint
*[[Rashid Khan (musician)|Rashid Khan]]
*[[Razia Sultan]]
*[[Ruknuddin Firuz]]
*[[Shabnam Romani]]
*[[Shakeel Badayuni]]
*[[Urmilesh Shankhdhar]]
*[[Zamir Ali Badayuni]]


}}

==See also==
* [[Badayuni]]
* [[Panchala]]
* [[Sotha]]
* [[Shyam Nagar]]
* [[Civil Lines, Budaun]]
* [[Great Mosque, Budaun]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{commons category}}

{{Navboxes
|list =
{{Budaun district}}
{{Bareilly division topics}}
{{Historical regions of Rohilkhand}}
{{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}}
}}
{{Geographic location
|Centre = Ghantaghar Bada Bazar
|North = Salarpur Industrial Area Menthol Industrial belt SriRam Nagar Colony
|Northeast = Shyam Nagar Sagar Tal Khera Navada
|East = KatraBrahampur Patiyali Sarai Khandsaari
|Southeast = Civil Lines Awas Vikas Shastri Nagar
|South = Police Lines Nekpur Samrat Ashok Nagar
|Southwest = Shekhupr Nayi Basti Lalpul
|West = Qaboolpura Sotha Chaudhari Sarai
|Northwest = Old City Jama Masjid Sheikh Patti
}}

[[Category:Budaun| ]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 10th century]]
[[Category:Rohilkhand]]
[[Category:Cities in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Former capitals in India]]

Budaun - Revision history

Aurelia2406 at 22:53, 13 March 2026