BonnieKoontz at 18:33, 3 December 2025

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{{Short description|Indian writer (1872–1930)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = C. S. Gopala Panicker
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = 29 May 1872
| birth_place = Kerala, India
| death_date = 30 January 1930
| occupation = Writer
| language = Malayalam
| genre = Short story
| notableworks =
| influences =
| years_active =
| nationality = Indian
}}
'''C. S. Gopala Panicker''' (29 May 1872 – 30 January 1930) was a [[Malayalam|Malayalam-language]] short story writer from [[Kerala]], India.<ref name="Brief Biography">[https://keralaliterature.com/malayalam-writers-%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%82-%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8D/gopalapanicker-c-s-%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8D-%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF-%E0%B4%8E/ "ഗോപാലപ്പണിക്കര്‍ സി.എസ്"]. Keralaliterature.com. Retrieved 18 January 2023.</ref> Along with [[Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar]], [[Oduvil Kunhikrishna Menon]], [[Moorkoth Kumaran]], [[Chenkulath Cheriya Kunhirama Menon]] (M. R. K. C.) and [[Ambadi Narayana Poduval]], Panicker is regarded as a pioneer of the short story in [[Malayalam literature]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=A Brief Survey of Malayalam Literature: History of Literature |author=[[K. M. Tharakan]] |publisher=National Books |date=1990 |page=72 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3nhkAAAAMAAJ |quote=The pioneers of the short-story in Malayalam were Vengayil Kunju Raman Nayanar, Oduvil Kunjukrishna Menon, C. S. Gopala Panikkar, Ambadi Narayana Poduval, Chakulath Kunjirama Menon (M. R. K. C.) and Murkoth Kumaran.}}</ref><ref name="Malayalam Literary Survey">{{Cite book |title=Malayalam Literary Survey |author= |publisher=[[Kerala Sahitya Akademi]] |date=1992 |page=29 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RpJkAAAAMAAJ |quote=The pioneers who gave the short story in Malayalam a local habitation and a name - Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar, Murkkoth Kumaran, C. S. Gopala Panicker, Oduvil Kunhikrishna Menon, et al - were drawn to the world of stories through the creations of Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allan Poe...}}</ref><ref name="Ulloor">{{Cite book |title=Kerala Sahithya Charithram |author=[[Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer]] |chapter= 63.2 സി. എസ്. ഗോപാലപ്പണിക്കർ (1047–1105) |url=https://archive.org/details/kerala-sahitya-charitram-vol-1-ulloor-1953-ku |chapter-url= http://ax.sayahna.org/ulloor/ulloor-5-63.html |publisher=University of Travancore |date=1953 |language=ml}}</ref>

==Life==
===Early life===
Panicker was born in 1872 as the son of Peringattuveettil Narayana Panicker and Lakshmi Amma in [[Chittur taluk]] which is part of the present-day state of [[Kerala]] in India.After passing the Middle School Examination from Chittur, he studied at [[Peruvemba]] High School near [[Chittur]] and passed his matriculation from Palghat Victoria High School.<ref name="Ulloor"/> He completed his [[Intermediate of Arts|F.A.]] (Intermediate) from [[Calicut]] [[Zamorin's Guruvayurappan College]] (then known as Kerala Vidyashala) and [[Cochin]].<ref name="Ulloor"/> He completed a [[Bachelor of Science]] degree in Zoology from [[Presidency College, Chennai|Madras Presidency College]] in 1896.<ref name="Ulloor"/>

===Career===
Three months after passing his B.A. degree, Panicker entered the Cochin government service as a clerk in the Land Revenue Department in [[Ernakulam]].<ref name="Ulloor"/> In 1897, he became Acting Head Clerk, and in 1898 he became the Acting [[Sheristadar|Shirastadar]].<ref name="Ulloor"/> With the permission of the government, he also worked as a manager for [[Edapally royal family]] for some time.<ref name="Ulloor"/> He was gradually appointed as [[Tehsildar]] in 1912 and as Stamp Superintendent in 1913.<ref name="Ulloor"/> He also served as the Panchayat Registrar.<ref name="Ulloor"/> He was the manager of [[Cochin Thirumala Devaswom]] for about six years.<ref name="Ulloor"/> He retired from government services in 1929.<ref name="Ulloor"/> He then briefly worked as the Managing Agent for [[Nilambur Kingdom|Nilambur royal family]].<ref name="Ulloor"/>

===Personal life and death===
Apart from being a man of letters, Panicker was also a good actor.<ref name="Ulloor"/> He took efforts to restore the gurukalam established by [[Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan]] in [[Chittur]].<ref name="Ulloor"/> He married his uncle's daughter Chittur Valiyathachattu Meenakshiamma. His daughters, Devaki Nethyaramma, the wife of Cochin Sub-Judge Thampuran, and Dakshayani Kettilamma, the wife of a Thampuran from the [[Kadathanadu|Kadathanadu royal family]], together translated Taraknath Gangopadhyay's Bengali novel ''Swarnalata'' into Malayalam.<ref name="Ulloor"/> He died on 30 January 1930.<ref name="Brief Biography"/>

==Writing==
Panicker wrote both poetry and prose. When ''[[Bhashaposhini]]'''s second conference was held in Trichur, he won first place in the poetry competition.<ref name="Ulloor"/> His oeuvre consists of only a limited number of stories, poems, and essays almost all of which were published in ''[[Vidya Vinodini]]'' and ''Rasikaranjini''.<ref name="Ulloor"/> Panicker, who specialised in natural science, was the chief science reporter of ''Vidyavinodini''.<ref>{{cite thesis |author=Jomi Thomas |date=2010 |title=Farm programs of electronic media: a comparative study of audience perception in Kerala |type= |chapter= |publisher=[[Cochin University of Science and Technology]] |docket= |oclc= |url=http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.933.3598&rep=rep1&type=pdf |access-date=|page=80|citeseerx=10.1.1.933.3598 }}</ref>

C. S. Gopala Panicker, Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar, Oduvil Kunhikrishna Menon, Moorkoth Kumaran, Chenkulath Cheriya Kunhirama Menon (M. R. K. C.) and Ambadi Narayana Poduval are widely regarded as pioneers of the short story in [[Malayalam literature]]. All of them were inspired by the emergence of short story as an important genre in Western literature, particularly the writings of [[Nathaniel Hawthorne]], [[Edgar Allan Poe]], etc.<ref name="Malayalam Literary Survey"/><ref>{{Cite book |title=Routes: Representations of the West in Short Fiction from South India in Translation |editor=Vanamala Viswanatha |publisher=Macmillan |date=2000 |page=81 |isbn=9780333934111 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HvljAAAAMAAJ}}</ref> Panicker, along with [[E. V. Krishna Pillai]] and [[K. Sukumaran (writer)|K. Sukumaran]], is also said to have been a link between the old and new generations of story writers.<ref>{{Cite journal |author=[[Sukumar Azhikode]] |title=The Short Story in Malayalam |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24157289 |publisher=[[Sahitya Akademi]] |journal=Indian Literature |volume=20 |issue=2|date=1977|pages=5–22|doi=|jstor=24157289 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot |editor=Amaresh Datta |publisher=[[Sahitya Akademi]] |date=1987 |page=4059 |isbn=9780836422832 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hc5jAAAAMAAJ |quote=Of the few who followed suit the names of Oduvil Kunhikrishna Menon ( 1869-1919 ), Ambadi Narayana Poduval ( 1871- 1936 ), C.S. Gopala Panicker ( 1872-1930 ), Malabar K. Sukumaran ( 1876-1956 ), Murkoth Kumaran ( 1877-1941 )...}}</ref> Some of his short stories include "Melvilasom Maari", "Neelam Kuranja Kathu" and "Oru Muthalanayattu". "Swayam Prakashamulla Janthukkal", "Pakshikalude Aspathri", "Monaco" and "Japankaarum Avarude Chakravarthiyum" are some of the articles published.<ref name="Brief Biography"/><ref name="Ulloor"/> According to [[Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer]], "Oru Muthalanayattu" published in ''Rasikaranjini'' is an important short story in Malayalam literature.<ref name="Ulloor"/>

==References==
<references />

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[[Category:Malayali people]]
[[Category:1872 births]]
[[Category:1930 deaths]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language writers]]
[[Category:Malayalam short story writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian short story writers]]
[[Category:Indian male short story writers]]
[[Category:Indian male essayists]]
[[Category:Writers from Kerala]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian essayists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]

C. S. Gopala Panicker - Revision history

BonnieKoontz at 18:33, 3 December 2025