>Maxtremus at 19:37, 24 October 2021

2021-10-24T19:37:42Z

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{{short description|Aircraft takeoff and landing using conventional runways}}
[[File:Lufthansa Airbus A319 landing at Split Airport.jpg|thumb|Aircraft landing on a runway.]]
A '''conventional take-off and landing''' ('''CTOL'''),<ref name=CTOL-N-01/> also known as '''horizontal take-off and landing''' ('''HTOL''') is the process whereby conventional [[fixed-wing aircraft]] (such as passenger aircraft) [[takeoff|take off]] and [[landing|land]], involving the use of [[runway]]s.<ref name=CTOL-N-02/>

During takeoff, the aircraft will accelerate along the runway, resting on its wheels, until its [[takeoff]] speed is reached, at which point the pilot manipulates the [[aircraft flight control system|flight controls]] to make the aircraft pivot around the axis of its main [[landing gear]] while still on the ground, this increases the lift from the [[wing]]s and effects takeoff.

During [[landing]]s, a commercial passenger-carrying aircraft will arrive over the runway while still at flight speed. The landing consists of the [[final approach (aviation)|final approach]] phase, the [[landing flare|flare]], the touchdown, and roll-out phase.

[[Seaplane]]s, instead of using runways, use water.<ref name=CTOL-N-02/>

==See also==
* [[Takeoff and landing]]

==References==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=CTOL-N-01>{{cite web|title=V/STOL - Was it a good idea?|url=http://navyleag.customer.netspace.net.au/fc_07vtl.htm|accessdate=19 July 2012}} By David Hobbs</ref>

<ref name=CTOL-N-02>{{cite news|title=Bloomberg suggests return of seaplanes to ease airport congestion|url=https://www.usatoday.com/travel/news/2006-06-19-seaplanes_x.htm|accessdate=19 July 2012|work=USA Today|date=19 June 2006}}</ref>
}}

{{Types of take-off and landing}}

[[Category:Types of take-off and landing]]

{{aviation-stub}}

CTOL - Revision history

>Maxtremus at 19:37, 24 October 2021