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{{short description|Military residential quarters, temporary or permanent}}
{{About|a military term|the places named 'Cantonment'|Cantonment (disambiguation)}}
A '''cantonment''' ({{IPAc-en|k|æ|n|ˈ|t|ɒ|n|m|ən|t}}, {{IPAc-en|k|æ|n|ˈ|t|oʊ|n|m|ən|t}}, or {{IPAc-en|UK|k|æ|n|ˈ|t|uː|n|m|ən|t}}) is a military quarters.<ref name=def-cantonment>{{Dictionary.com|cantonment}}</ref> In [[Bangladesh]], [[India]] and other parts of [[South Asia]], a ''cantonment'' refers to a permanent military station (a term from the [[British India|colonial-era]]).<ref name=def-cantonment/> In [[military of the United States|United States military]] parlance, a cantonment is, essentially, "a permanent residential section (i.e. barrack) of a fort or other military installation," such as [[Fort Hood]].

The word ''cantonment'', derived from the [[French language|French]] word ''[[:fr:canton|canton]]'', meaning ''corner'' or ''district'',<ref>{{Dictionary.com|canton}}</ref> refers to a temporary military or winter encampment. For example, at the start of the [[Waterloo campaign]] in 1815, while the [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Duke of Wellington]]'s headquarters were in Brussels, most of his Anglo–allied army of 93,000 soldiers were ''cantoned'', or stationed, to the south of Brussels.<ref>[[Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition]] Waterloo Campaign</ref>

==List of permanent cantonments==
===Afghanistan===

The former [[Sherpur Cantonment]] in [[Kabul]], Afghanistan, which was the site of the [[Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment]] (1879) in the [[Second Anglo-Afghan War]] (1878–1880), is now maintained as a British Army cemetery.

===Bangladesh===
In Bangladesh, cantonments are residential quarters for many military personnel aside from soldiers. These individuals include officers, teachers, military doctors, military nurses, junior commanding officers, and non–commissioned Officers. A wide variety of military training is provided in Bangladesh cantonments:
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*[[Alikadam Cantonment]], [[Bandarban]]
*[[Bandarban Cantonment]], [[Bandarban]]
*[[Bangladesh Military Academy]], [[Chittagong]]
*[[Chittagong Cantonment]], Chittagong
*[[Comilla Cantonment]], [[Comilla]]
*[[Dhaka Cantonment]], [[Dhaka]]
*[[Dighinala Cantonment]], [[Khagrachari]]
*[[Halishahar Cantonment]], Chittagong
*[[Jahanabad Cantonment]], [[Khulna]]
*[[Jahangirabad Cantonment]], [[Bogra]]
*[[Jalalabad Cantonment]], [[Sylhet]]
*[[Jamuna Cantonment]], [[Tangail District|Tangail]]
*[[Jessore Cantonment]], [[Jessore Cantonment|Jessore]]
*[[Kaptai Cantonment]], [[Kaptai Upazila|Kaptai]]
*[[Khagrachari Cantonment]], [[Khagrachari]]
*[[Kholahati Cantonment]], [[Dinajpur District, Bangladesh|Dinajpur]]
*[[Majhira Cantonment]], Bogra
*[[Mawa Cantonment]], [[Louhajong]], [[Munshigonj]]
*[[Mirpur Cantonment]], Dhaka
*[[Mymensingh Cantonment]], [[Mymensingh]]
*[[Padma Cantonment]], [[Shariatpur District|Shariatpur]]
*[[Postogola Cantonment]], Dhaka
*[[Qadirabad Cantonment]], [[Natore]]
*[[Rajendrapur Cantonment]], [[Gazipur District|Gazipur]]
*[[Rajshahi Cantonment]], [[Rajshahi]]
*[[Ramu Cantonment]], Cox's Bazar
*[[Rangamati Cantonment]], Rangamati
*[[Rangpur Cantonment]], [[Rangpur District|Rangpur]]
*[[Saidpur Cantonment]], Nilphamari
*[[Savar Cantonment]], Dhaka
*[[Shahid Salahuddin Cantonment]], [[Ghatail]]
*[[Sheikh Hasina Cantonment]], Lebukhali, [[Barisal]]-[[Patuakhali]]
{{Div col end}}

===Bhutan===
The Indian Army maintains a training mission in Bhutan, known as the [[Indian Military Training Team]] (IMTRAT) which is responsible for the military training of the [[Royal Bhutan Army]] (RBA) and [[Royal Bodyguard of Bhutan|Royal Bodyguard]] (RBG) personnel. All RBA and RBG officers are sent for training at the [[National Defence Academy (India)|National Defence Academy]] and the [[Indian Military Academy]]. Moreover, Project Dantak, a division of the [[Border Roads Organisation|Indian Border Roads Organisation]] and subdivision of the [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers]], was established in Bhutan on 24 April 1961, with its first commanding officer, Colonel TV Jaganathan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aviation-defence-universe.com/project-dantak-builds-friendship-goodwill-between-india-bhutan/|title=Project Dantak: Builds friendship & goodwill between India & Bhutan|website=www.aviation-defence-universe.com|date=25 October 2018 |access-date=2020-04-10}}</ref> Project Dantak has since been responsible for the construction and maintenance of more than {{Convert|1,500|km|mi|abbr=}} of roads and bridges, [[Paro Airport]], a disused airfield at [[Yongphulla Airport]], heliports, and other infrastructure. These serve India's strategic defence needs, but also provide economic benefits for the Bhutani citizens.

===India===
Several cities among the Indian subcontinent, such as [[Ahmedabad]], [[Ambala]], [[Bellary]], [[Belgaum]], [[Bangalore]], [[Danapur]], [[Jabalpur]], [[Kanpur]], [[Bathinda]], [[Delhi]], [[Meerut]], [[Pune]], [[Ramgarh Cantonment|Ramgarh]], [[Secunderabad]], and [[Trichy]], contained large cantonments of the former [[British Indian Army]], with Meerut and Ramgarh being two of the most important cantonments in northern India, second only to the headquarters at Rawalpindi (now in Pakistan). Meerut was established in 1803 and for 150 years was the largest cantonment in the region. Although cantonments in India were considered to be semi-permanent in the 18th and 19th centuries, by the turn of the 20th century they had transitioned to being permanent garrisons. They were further entrenched as such, via the military reforms of
[[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]] in 1903, and the [[Cantonments Act of 1924]].<ref name=Sheikh>Sheikh, M. O. <u>Lahore Cantonment</u> https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/momers_termpapers/ss153LahoreCantonment.htm&date=2009-10-26+02:56:58</ref>

There are sixty-two "notified cantonments" in India, occupying an area of 157,000 acres:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mod.gov.in/sites/default/files/MoDAR2018.pdf |title= Annual Report 2018-19: Ministry of Defence |website=mod.gov.in |publisher=Ministry of Defence |access-date= 4 May 2022 |quote= The Ministry of Defence owns approximately 17.57 lakh acres of land throughout the country managed by the three Services and other Organizations like DGDE, Ordnance Factory Board, DRDO, DGQA, CGDA etc. The Army has the maximum of the land i.e. 14.147 lakh acres followed by Air Force 1.40 lakh acres and Navy 0.44 lakh acres. The defence land inside the notified Cantonments is approximately 1.57 lakh acres and the remaining around 16.00 lakh lies outside the Cantonments |page= 131 }}</ref> twenty-five in [[Central Command (India)|Central Command]], nineteen in Southern Command, thirteen in Western Command, four in Eastern Command, and one in Northern Command.<ref name="Directorate General Defence Estates, cantonments">{{cite web|title=Directorate General Defence Estates Main menu|url=http://www.dgde.gov.in/?q=cantonments|publisher=Directorate General Defence Estates|access-date=30 December 2022}}</ref> Major cantonments and garrisons include the following:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=90277 |title= Cantonment Boards |website=pib.gov.in |publisher=Press Information Bureau |access-date= 4 May 2022}}</ref>

====Notified Cantonments====
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
# [[Agra Cantonment]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], Central Command
# [[Ahmedabad Cantonment]], [[Gujarat]], Southern Command
# Ahmednagar Cantonment, [[Maharashtra]], Southern Command
#[[Varanasi Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# Ajmer Cantonment, [[Rajasthan]], Southern Command
# [[Allahabad]] Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Almora| Almora Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
# [[Ambala Cantonment]], [[Haryana]], Western Command
# [[Amritsar Cantonment]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], Western Command
# [[Aurangabad Cantonment]], Maharashtra, Southern Command
# [[Ayodhya|Ayodhya Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# Babina Cantonment, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, Southern Command
# Badamibagh Cantonment, Jammu and Kashmir, Northern Command
# [[Bakloh|Bakloh Cantonment]], [[Chamba District]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], Western Command
# [[Bareilly Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Barrackpore]], West Bengal, Eastern Command
# [[Belgaum Cantonment]], [[Karnataka]], Southern Command
# [[Bellary Cantonment]], [[Karnataka]], Southern Command
# [[Cannanore Cantonment]], [[Kerala]], Southern Command
# [[Chakrata|Chakrata Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
# [[Clement Town|Clement Town Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
# [[Dagshai|Dagshai Cantonment]], Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
# [[Dalhousie Cantonment]], Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
# [[Danapur Cantonment]], Bihar, Central Command
# [[Dehradun Cantonment]], [[Uttarakhand]], Central Command
# [[Yol, Himachal Pradesh|Yol Cantonment]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], Western Command
# [[Dehu Road|Dehu Road Cantonment]], Maharashtra, Southern Command
# [[Delhi Cantonment]], Delhi, Western Command
# [[Deolali|Deolali Cantonment]], Maharashtra, Southern Command
# [[Dum Dum Cantonment]], West Bengal, Eastern Command
# [[Faizabad Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Faizabad|Faizabad New Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# Fatehgarh Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Ferozepur Cantonment]], Punjab, Western Command
#[[Gopalpur (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Gopalpur Cantonment]], [[Odisha]], [[Central Command (India)|Central Command]]
# [[Jabalpur Cantonment]], Madhya Pradesh, [[Central Command (India)|Central Command]]
# [[Jalandhar Cantonment]], Punjab, Western Command
# [[Jalapahar]], [[Darjeeling]], [[West Bengal]], [[Eastern Command (India)|Eastern Command]]
# [[Jammu Cantonment]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[Western Command (India)|Western Command]]
# [[Jhansi Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Southern Command
# [[Jutogh|Jutogh Cantonment]], Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
# Kamptee Cantonment, Maharashtra, Southern Command
# [[Kanpur Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Kasauli]] Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
# Khas Yol Cantonment, Kangara, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
# [[Kirkee|Kirkee Cantonment]], Maharashtra, Southern Command
# [[Landour|Landour Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
# [[Lansdowne, India|Lansdowne Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
# [[Lebong]], Darjeeling, West Bengal, Eastern Command
# [[Lucknow]] Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Mathura]] Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Meerut Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Mhow Cantonment]], Madhya Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Morar Cantonment]], [[Gwalior]], Madhya Pradesh, Southern Command
# [[Nainital Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
# Nasirabad Cantonment, Rajasthan, Southern Command
# [[Pachmarhi Cantonment]], Madhya Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Pune Cantonment]], Maharashtra, Southern Command
# [[Ramgarh Cantonment]], [[Jharkhand]], Central Command
# [[Ranikhet|Ranikhet Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
# [[Roorkee Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
# Saugor Cantonment, [[Madhya Pradesh]], Southern Command
# [[Secunderabad]] Cantonment, [[Telangana]], Southern Command
# Shahajahanpur Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Shillong]] Cantonment, [[Meghalaya]], Eastern Command
# St. Thomas Mount Cantonment, Chennai, [[Tamil Nadu]], Southern Command
# Subathu Cantonment, Shimla Hills, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
# [[Wellington Cantonment]], Tamil Nadu, Southern Command
{{Div col end}}

====Unlisted Military Cantonments====
{{citation needed|date=May 2022}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
#[[Abohar Cantonment]] (Abohar, Punjab)
#[[Varanasi Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
#[[Akhnoor Cantonment]] (Akhnoor, Jammu and Kashmir)
#[[Baddowal Cantonment]] (Ludhiana, Punjab)
#[[Bangalore Cantonment]] (Bangalore, Karnataka)
#[[Bikaner Cantonment]] (Bikaner, Rajasthan)
#[[Bhatinda Cantonment]] (Bhatinda, Punjab)
#[[Bhuj Cantonment]] (Bhuj, Gujarat)
#[[Bhopal Cantonment]] (Madhya Pradesh)
#[[Chandimandir Cantonment]] (Chandigarh)
#[[Faridkot Cantonment]] (Faridkot, Punjab)
#[[Fazilka Cantonment]] (Fazilka, Punjab)
#[[Gandhinagar Cantonment]] (Gandhinagar, Gujarat)
#[[Gopalpur Cantonment]] (Brahmapur, Orissa)
#[[Narengi Cantonment]] (Guwahati, Assam)
#[[Hisar Cantt]] (Hisar, Haryana)
#[[Itarana Cantonment]] (Alwar, Rajasthan)
#[[Jaipur Cantonment]] (Jaipur, Rajasthan)
#[[Jaisalmer Cantonment]] (Jaisalmer, Rajasthan)
#[[Jodhpur Cantonment]] (Rajasthan)
#[[Bharatpur Cantonment]] (Rajasthan)
#[[Joshimath|Joshimath Cantonment]] (Joshimath, Uttarakhand)
#[[Kapurthala Cantonment]] (Kapurthala, Punjab)
#[[Khasa Cantonment]] (Amritsar, Punjab)
#[[Kollam Cantonment]] (Kollam, India)
#[[Ludhiana Cantonment]] (Punjab)
#[[Mamun Cantonment]] (Pathankot, Punjab)
#[[Missamari Cantonment]] (Missamari, Assam)
#[[Nagrota Cantonment]] (Nagrota, Jammu & Kashmir)
#[[Pathankot Cantonment]] (Pathankot, Punjab)
#[[Patiala Cantonment]] (Punjab)
#[[Pithoragarh|Pithoragarh Cantonment]] (Pithoragarh , Uttarakhand)
#[[Dipatoli Cantonment]] (Ranchi, Jharkhand)
#[[Shahjahanpur Cantonment]] (Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh)
#[[Solmara Cantonment]] (Tezpur, Assam)
#[[Sri Ganganagar Cantonment]] (Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan)
#[[Suratgarh Cantonment]] (Suratgarh, Rajasthan)
#[[Thiruvananthapuram Cantonment]] (Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala)
#[[Tibri Cantonment]] (Hoshiarpur, Punjab)
#[[Udhampur Cantonment]] (Udhampur, Jammu & Kashmir)
#[[Vadodra Cantonment]] (Vadodra, Gujarat)
{{Div col end}}

=== Ghana ===
*[[Cantonments, Accra]]

=== Nigeria ===
Cantonments in Nigeria refer to permanent military installations which house active personnel and their families. Cantonments in Nigeria include:
*Airforce Cantonment, [[Ikeja]], Lagos
*Armed forces resettlement centre, [[Oshodi-Isolo|Oshodi]], Lagos
*Army Ordnance Cantonment, (also known as Abalti Barracks), [[Yaba, Lagos|Yaba]], Lagos
*Arn Cantonment, Yaba, Lagos
*Badagry Cantonment, [[Badagry]], Lagos
*Dodan Cantonment, [[Ikoyi]], Lagos
*Ikeja Cantonment, Ikeja, Lagos
*Marda Cantonment, Yaba, Lagos
*Navy Town, [[Ojo, Lagos|Ojo]], Lagos
*Ojo Cantonment (also known as Palm Barracks), Ojo, Lagos,
*Bonny Camp, [[Victoria Island, Lagos|Victoria Island]]
* Jaji military cantonment, kaduna,
*Dalet cantonment, kaduna,
*Mogadishu cantonment,
*Abiyssinia cantonment,
*.Burma cantonment,
*Adshanti cantonment,
*Nigerian Defence Academy, Afaka, Kaduna

===Pakistan===
{{main|Cantonment (Pakistan)}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*[[Abbottabad Cantonment]]
*[[Attock]] Cantonment
*[[Allama Iqbal]] Cantonment
*[[Bannu]] Cantonment
*[[Bhawalpur]] Cantonment
*[[Chaklala]] Cantonment
*[[Clifton Cantonment]], [[Karachi]]
*[[Dera Ismail Khan]] Cantonment
*[[Faisal Cantonment]], Karachi
*[[Faisalabad]] Cantonment
*[[Gujranwala]] Cantonment
*[[Hyderabad (Pakistan)|Hyderabad]] Cantonment
*[[Jhelum Cantonment]]
*[[Kamra Cantonment|Kamra]] Cantonment
*[[Karachi Cantonment]]
*[[Kharian Cantonment]]
*[[Khuzdar]] Cantonment<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/pakistan/cantt-khuzdar.htm "Military: Khuzdar Cantonment"] ''Global Security''</ref>
*[[Korangi Creek Cantonment]], Karachi
*[[Lahore]] Cantonment<ref name="Sheikh"/>
*Walton Cantonment: Created out of the southern parts of the original Lahore Cantt., [[Walton, Lahore]]<ref name="Sheikh"/>
*[[Loralai]] Cantonment
*[[Malir Cantonment]], Karachi
*[[Mangla Cantonment]]
*[[Manora Cantonment]], Karachi
*[[Mardan]] Cantonment
*[[Multan Cantt|Multan Cantonment]]
*[[Murree]] Cantonment
*[[Nowshera Cantonment]]
*[[Okara, Pakistan|Okara]] Cantonment
*[[Ormara]] Cantonment
*[[Pano Aqil Cantonment]]
*[[Peshawar]] Cantonment<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geocities.com/scn_pk/oct25.html |title=Sarhad Conservation Network® Reports: Book on Peshawar Cantonment Launched |date=27 October 2009 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091027160011/http://www.geocities.com/scn_pk/oct25.html |archive-date=2009-10-27 }}</ref>
*[[Quetta]] Cantonment
*[[Rawalpindi Cantonment]]
*[[Sanjwal]] Cantonment
*[[Sargodha]] Cantonment
*[[Shorkot]] Cantonment (PAF Rafiqui)
*[[Sialkot Cantonment]]
*[[Taxila]] Cantonment
*[[Wah Cantonment]]
*[[Zhob]] Cantonment
{{Div col end}}

===Singapore===
In Singapore, the term is used to denote a police cantonment.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.spf.gov.sg/contactus/contactus_index.htm |title=Singapore Police Force |access-date=4 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704064816/http://www.spf.gov.sg/contactus/contactus_index.htm |archive-date=4 July 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== South Africa ===

* [[Thaba Tshwane]]

===Sri Lanka===
*[[Panagoda Cantonment]]

===United States===
The United States military commonly uses the term "cantonment" to describe the permanent facilities at U.S. Army training bases as opposed to the field training areas. Cantonment areas often include housing (such as barracks and maid-service quarters), dining facilities, training classrooms, exchanges, and paved air fields.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.il.ngb.army.mil/MilitaryAffairs/MTA/Cantonment.aspx|title=Marseilles Training Center|website=www.il.ngb.army.mil|access-date=7 April 2022}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Kaserne]]

== References ==
<references/>

==External links==
{{EB1911 poster|Cantonment}}
* [http://www.dgde.gov.in/cantonments Cantonment Boards in India]
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}

[[Category:Cantonments| ]]
[[Category:Indian English idioms]]
[[Category:Military installations of India]]
[[Category:Barracks]]

Cantonment - Revision history

Bot at 16:50, 19 December 2022