https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Cardamine_flexuosaCardamine flexuosa - Revision history2026-07-30T17:57:21ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Cardamine_flexuosa&diff=549285&oldid=prevSergqpm at 19:27, 27 December 20252025-12-27T19:27:31Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Species of flowering plant in the cabbage family}}<br />
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{{Speciesbox<br />
|image = Cardamine flexuosa eF.jpg<br />
|genus = Cardamine<br />
|species = flexuosa<br />
|authority = [[William Withering|With.]]<br />
}}<br />
[[file:(MHNT)- Cardamine flexuosa inflorescence.jpg|thumb|Inflorescence]]<br />
{{Commons}}<br />
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'''''Cardamine flexuosa''''', commonly known as '''wavy bittercress''' or '''wood bitter-cress''', is an herbaceous [[annual plant|annual]], [[biennial plant|biennial]], or short-lived [[perennial plant]] in the [[Brassicaceae|cabbage family]] (Brassicaceae).<ref>Webb, D.A., Parnell, J. and Doogue, D. 1996. ''An Irish Flora.'' Dundalgan Press, Dundalk. {{ISBN|0-85221-131-7}}</ref><br />
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==Description==<br />
This is a small flowering plant growing to a height of no more than {{Convert|30|cm|abbr=on}}, usually annual or short-lived perennial, with few short, erect stems. The leaves pinnate, mostly at the base, each with about 5 pairs of rounded leaflets. [[Flower]]s very small, white, 3–4&nbsp;mm across with 6 [[stamen]]s. [[Fruit]]s of ''C.&nbsp;flexuosa'' generally do not overtop the flowers, a feature distinguishing it from ''[[Cardamine hirsuta]]''.<ref name="Clapham">Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Warburg, E.F. 1968. ''Excursion Flora of the British Isles.'' Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|0-521-04656-4}}</ref><br />
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==Distribution==<br />
It is native to the [[British Isles]],<ref name=Stace>{{cite book|last=Stace|first=C. A.|authorlink = Stace, C. A.|year=2010|title=New Flora of the British Isles|edition=Third|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location = Cambridge, U.K.|isbn=9780521707725}}</ref>{{rp|401}} Europe, North Africa, Turkey and Iran and widely introduced elsewhere.<ref name="PoWO">{{cite web |title=Cardamine flexuosa With. |work=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:45189-2 |access-date=18 April 2024 }}</ref><br />
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==Habitat==<br />
In [[Ireland]] common in woods shady and damp places.<ref>Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012. ''Webb's An Irish Flora.'' Cork University Press. {{ISBN|978-185918-4783}}</ref><ref name="Clapham"/><br />
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==Uses==<br />
In the [[Northeast India]]n state of [[Manipur]], where it is known as '''''chaantruk''''', ''C.&nbsp;flexuosa'' is eaten as an [[aromatic herb]], often used to garnish [[eromba]].{{citation needed|date=April 2014}}<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q158048}}<br />
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[[Category:Cardamine|flexuosa]]<br />
[[Category:Flora of Europe]]<br />
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