2402:3A80:B00:E05E:0:5E:2774:FF01 at 09:19, 14 May 2021

2021-05-14T09:19:39Z

New page

The migrations of people and influences to the North from [[Karnataka]] during 10-12th century period is well attested by the sources but has not yet been studied carefully.

==Emergence of North Indian Dynasties==
The [[Rashtrakuta]]s of [[Manyakheta]] captured a region near Kannauj.<ref>{{Cite book|last=R. C. Majumdar|first=General Editor|url=http://archive.org/details/ageofimperialkan04bhar|title=History and Culture of the Indian People, Volume 04, The Age Of Imperial Kanauj|date=2009|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan|others=Public Resource}}</ref>

Around the same time the [[Sena Dynasty]] (1070–1225) ruled parts of Bengal, having arrived from ''Karnata''. They were initially army officers in the kingdom of [[Pala Dynasty]] and later asserted themselves after the disintegration of the Pala dynasty.

The Eastern Ganga Dynasty who emerged in Odissa in 12th century were descendants of Western Ganga dynasty of Southern Karnataka<ref>{{Cite book|title=Western Ganga|volume = 1|last=Cohen|first=Andrew L.|date=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|series=Oxford Art Online|doi = 10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t091247}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Mishra|first=Patit Paban|chapter=Eastern Ganga and Gajapati empires|date=2016-01-11|pages=1–4|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd|isbn=9781118455074|doi=10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe402|title=The Encyclopedia of Empire}}</ref> who ruled that region between 300CE- 1000CE.

[[Nanyadeva]] founded the [[Karnat dynasty]] (1097 CE–1324 CE) of [[Mithila (region)|Mithila]] in modern-day North [[Bihar]] and parts of [[Nepal]]. He is thought to have had his origins in the Karnataka region and may have been a soldier in the Chalukaya army before settling in the Mithila. Certain chronicles refer to him as ''Karnata-Kulabhusana''.<ref name=Choudhury1951>{{cite journal | title=Nanyadeva and his Contemporaries | author= Radhakrishna Choudhry | journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume = 14| year=1951 | pages=130–134 |jstor = 44303952}}</ref>

==Emergence of Other Kingdoms in India==
The Vengi Chalukyas ([[Eastern Chalukyas]]) who ruled Andhra from the 7th century to the 11th. century and the [[Yadava Dynasty]] of [[Daulatabad, Maharashtra|Devagiri]] who ruled western India during 850-1320 C.E. were of Karnataka origin and encouraged Kannada language and literature in those regions for a significant period before switching to local languages.

==Cultural influence==
Karnataka had become a major cultural center at this time. Karnataka customs (fashions, coins, fans etc.) were copied as far as Kashmir. King [[Harsha of Kashmir]], who was a patron of culture, copied Karnataka customs, as mentioned by [[Kalhana]] in his [[Rajatarangini]].

Worship of Goddess Durga and celebration of Durga festival also arrived in north India from Karnataka

==Religious impact==
Religious influence also arrived in North from south. [[Shankaracharya]] (about 788 - 820 C.E. according to most scholars), and some scholars of his lineage later on, established [[Advaita]] [[Matha]]s in North and Western India.

Some [[Jainism|Jain]] influence also arrived in north from the South. In Karanataka, the Chalukyas, Kadambas and the Rashtrakutas were frequent supporters of [[Jainism]] (in general they supported all religions in their domain). Some Rashtrakutas were actually devout Jains.

A wife of Siddharaj Jayasimha (Chalukya of Analilvad) was from Karnataka. She was involved in a visit by a Jain [[Acharya]] from Karnataka, who debated local Acharyas in [[Patan, Gujarat]]. The [[Chaulukya dynasty|Chaulukya ruler]] [[Kumarapala (Chaulukya dynasty)|Kumarapala]] of Patan was a devout Jain.

Mention needs to be made that in the largest Jain community of [[Rajasthan]] and [[Gujarat]], one of the original gotras is called ''Karnata''. [[Balatkara Gana]], a Jain order originating from [[Coastal Karnataka]], was present in Chittor, Rajasthan in about 1300. In a few centuries it spread over much of [[North India]].

[[Virashaivism]], a religious movement started by [[Basava]] in the 12th century in northern Karnataka, spread not only in [[South India]] but also in Maharashtra. The followers of this sect are called Lingayats and worship [[Shiva]].

The influence of [[Ramanuja]] (1017 - 1137 C.E.) and [[Madhvacharya]] (1199 - 1278 C.E.) also originated from Karnataka region. Ramanuja was Tamil, but was given shelter by the [[Hoysala Empire|Hoysala Emperor]] [[Vishnuvardhana]]. The Kannada [[Haridasa]] movement which was popularised in the 14th.-16th. century by [[Purandara Dasa]] and [[Kanaka Dasa]] spread to North India as the [[Bhakti]] movement.

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* Dr. Suryanath U. Kamat, Concise History of Karnataka, 2001, MCC, Bangalore (reprint 2002)
* Nilakanta Sastri, K.A. (1955). A History of South India, OUP, New Delhi (Reprinted 2002).
* Dr. [[Romila Thapar]], History of Early India, From Origins to 1300 AD., Penguin, 2003, New Delhi.

[[Category:History of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Bhakti movement]]

Carnatic expansion - Revision history

2402:3A80:B00:E05E:0:5E:2774:FF01 at 09:19, 14 May 2021