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{{Use dmy dates|date= June 2023}}
{{use Indian English|date = November 2019}}
{{Infobox spacecraft class
| image =
| caption = Cartosat-2 (Image: ISRO)

| name = Cartosat
| manufacturer = [[ISRO]]
| country = India
| bus = [[Indian Remote Sensing Satellite|IRS]]
| applications = Optical earth observation
| orbits = [[Sun synchronous orbit|SSO]]
| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| operator = [[ISRO]]
| lifetime =

| status = Operational
| launched = 9
| operational = 9
| failed =
| lost =
| first = [[Cartosat-1]] (2005)
| last = [[Cartosat-3]] (2019)
| retired =

| mass = {{cvt|700|-|1600|kg}}
| power = 0.9-1.1 kW
| batteries = Solar
| equipment = [[Panchromatic]] cameras
}}

The '''Cartosat''' is a [[satellite series|series]] of Indian optical [[earth observation satellite]]s built and operated by the [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO). The Cartosat series is a part of the [[Indian Remote Sensing Satellite|Indian Remote Sensing Program]]. They are used for Earth's resource management, defence services and monitoring.

== History ==
The [[Department of Space]] (DoS) had launched and managed the [[Indian Remote Sensing Programme|IRS series]] of remote sensing satellites for Earth's resource management and monitoring. These satellites were very successful in providing data in various scales ranging from 1:1 Million to 1:12,500 scale.<ref name=NRSC/> Each of the [[Indian Remote Sensing satellite|IRS]] missions ensured data continuity while introducing improvements in the spatial, spectral and radiometric resolutions. Considering increased demand for large scale and topographic mapping data, the DoS launched the expanded Cartosat series of remote sensing satellites. The first satellite of the series, Cartosat-1, was launched in 2005.

== Satellites ==
=== Cartosat-1 ===
{{Main|Cartosat-1}}
Cartosat-1 was launched by [[PSLV-C6]] on 5 May 2005 from [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre]]'s [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre Second Launch Pad|SLP]] at [[Sriharikota]].<ref name="Cartosat-1">{{Cite news |url= http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2005-05-05/news/27496736_1_pslv-polar-sun-synchronous-orbit-second-launch-pad |title= PSLV-C6 launched from Sriharikota |access-date=18 September 2012 |work=The Economic Times |location=India}}</ref> Images from the satellite are available from [[GeoEye]] for worldwide distribution. The satellite covers the entire globe in 1867 orbits on a 126-day cycle.<ref name= NRSC>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nrsc.gov.in/#app=a097&cd0b-selectedIndex=8 |title=NRSC: Cartosat-1 |access-date=11 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150829044009/http://www.nrsc.gov.in/#app=a097&cd0b-selectedIndex=8 |archive-date=29 August 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It carries two state-of-the-art [[panchromatic]] (PAN) cameras that take black and white stereoscopic pictures of the earth in the visible region of the [[electromagnetic spectrum]]. The two cameras with 2.5 m spatial resolution, acquire two images simultaneously, one forward looking (FORE) at +26 degrees and one aft of the satellite at −5 degrees for near instantaneous stereo data.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.racurs.ru/?page=373|title=Racurs :: Resources :: Articles and Presentations :: Cartosat-1 Stereo Orthokit Data Evaluation|website=www.racurs.ru|access-date=2016-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605083243/http://www.racurs.ru/?page=373|archive-date=5 June 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The time difference between the acquisitions of the same scene by the two cameras is about 52 seconds.<ref name=NRSC/>

=== Cartosat-2 ===
{{Main|Cartosat-2}}
Cartosat-2 was launched by [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV-C7]] on 10 January 2007 from [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre]]'s [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad|FLP]] at [[Sriharikota]]. Cartosat-2 carries a state-of-the-art [[panchromatic]] (PAN) camera that take black and white pictures of the earth in the visible region of the [[electromagnetic spectrum]]. The swath covered by this high resolution PAN camera is 9.6 km and their spatial resolution is less than 1 metre.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pasco.co.jp/eng/products/cartosat-2/ |title=Cartosat-2:Optical Satellite |publisher=pasco.co.jp |access-date=2013-02-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211171019/http://www.pasco.co.jp/eng/products/cartosat-2/ |archive-date=2013-02-11 }}</ref> The satellite can be steered up to 45 degrees along as well as across the track. Cartosat-2 is an advanced remote sensing satellite capable of providing scene-specific spot imagery. The data from the satellite is used for detailed mapping and other cartographic applications at cad-astral level, urban and rural infrastructure development and management, as well as applications in Land Information System (LIS) and Geographical Information System (GIS).

=== Cartosat-2A ===
{{Main|Cartosat-2A}}
Cartosat-2A was launched by [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV-C9]] on 28 April 2008 from [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre]] in [[Sriharikota]] along with 9 other satellites.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7370391.stm India in multi-satellite launch]</ref> It is a dedicated satellite for the [[Indian Armed Forces]] which is in the process of establishing an [[Indian Air Force#Integrated Space Cell|Aerospace Command]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20070015064 |title=NDTV.com: India to launch first military satellite in August |access-date=18 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502235038/http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20070015064 |archive-date=2 May 2008 }}</ref> The satellite carries a [[panchromatic]] (PAN) [[camera]] capable of taking [[black-and-white]] pictures in the visible region of [[electromagnetic spectrum]]. The highly agile Cartosat-2A can be steered up to 45 degrees along as well as across the direction of its movement to facilitate imaging of any area more frequently.

=== Cartosat-2B ===
{{Main|Cartosat-2B}}
Cartosat-2B was launched by [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV-C15]] on 12 July 2010 from [[Sriharikota]]. The satellite carries a [[panchromatic]] (PAN) [[camera]] capable of taking [[black-and-white]] pictures in the visible region of [[electromagnetic spectrum]]. The highly agile CARTOSAT-2B can be steered up to 26 degrees along as well as across the direction of its movement to facilitate imaging of any area more frequently.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.isro.org/satellites/cartosat-2b.aspx |title=Cartosat-2B ISRO Page |access-date=2013-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121084039/http://isro.org/satellites/cartosat-2b.aspx |archive-date=2013-01-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Cartosat-2C ===
{{Main|Cartosat-2C}}
Cartosat-2C has a lower resolution of 25 cm (10"). It uses 1.2 m optics with 60% of weight removal compared to Cartosat-2. Other features include the use of adaptive optics, acousto optical devices, in-orbit focusing using MEMs and large area-light weight mirrors.<ref>[http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/dec252007/1715.pdf ''Current Science''], Vol. 93, no. 12, 25 December 2007, page 1729.</ref> The satellite was to be launched on board PSLV C-34 during 2014,<ref>[http://www.livemint.com/2008/01/15232830/Isro-plans-satellite-series-fo.html ISRO plans satellite series for mapping, climate monitoring – livemint]</ref> but was delayed and finally launched on 22 June 2016. Its uses include weather mapping, cartography, and strategic applications.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/India-sets-new-record-in-space-mission-PSLV-C34-successfully-injects-20-satellites-into-orbit/articleshow/52862382.cms | title=India sets new record in space mission; PSLV C34 successfully injects 20 satellites into orbit | work=[[The Times of India]] | date=22 June 2016 | access-date=22 June 2016 | author=U Tejonmayam}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/isros-20in1-mission-top-10-facts/article8758848.ece | title=ISRO's 20-in-1 mission successful | work=[[The Hindu]] | date=22 June 2016 | access-date=22 June 2016 | author=Dennis S. Jesudasan}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/science/big-boost-to-indias-space-mission-isro-sets-record-launches-pslv-c34-with-20-satellites/articleshow/52861909.cms | title=Big boost to India's space mission: ISRO sets record, launches PSLV-C34 with 20 satellites | work=[[The Economic Times]] | agency=[[Press Trust of India|PTI]] | date=22 June 2016 | access-date=22 June 2016}}</ref>

=== Cartosat-2D ===
{{main|Cartosat-2D}}

Cartosat-2D was launched by [[PSLV-C37]] on 15 February 2017 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre.

=== Cartosat-2E ===
{{main|Cartosat-2E}}

Cartosat-2E was launched by PSLV-C38 on 23 June 2017. The PSLV-C38 rocket launched the 712 kg satellite along with 30 other nano satellites.

=== Cartosat-2F ===
{{main|Cartosat-2F}}

Cartosat-2F was launched successfully by [[PSLV-C40]] on 12 January 2018. The PSLV-C40 rocket launched the 710 kg satellite, the seventh of the Cartosat-2 series, along with 30 other nano satellites from India, Canada, Finland, France, Republic of Korea, UK and the USA.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/isro-launch-live-updates-100th-satellite-set-to-take-off/story-mxrUUEpfMpg7AHgoEVlWOJ.html | title=Isro launch LIVE: Space agency successfully launches 100th satellite Cartosat-2, PM congratulates scientists | work=[[Hindustan Times]] | date=12 January 2018 | access-date=12 January 2018 | author=HT Correspondent}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/update/12-jan-2018/pslv-successfully-launches-31-satellites-single-flight|title=PSLV Successfully Launches 31 Satellites in a Single Flight – ISRO|website=www.isro.gov.in|language=en|access-date=2018-01-12|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130211525/https://www.isro.gov.in/update/12-jan-2018/pslv-successfully-launches-31-satellites-single-flight|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Cartosat-3 ===
{{main|Cartosat-3}}Cartosat-3 was launched on 27 November 2019 by [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV]]-C47 rocket along with 13 other cubesats from USA.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/pslv-c47/cartosat-3-mission-isro-successfully-places-remote-sensing-satellite-13-us-nanosatellites-in-orbits/articleshow/72252052.cms|title=PSLV-C47/Cartosat-3 mission: Isro successfully places remote sensing satellite, 13 US nanosatellites in orbits|first=U.|last=Tejonmayam|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2019-11-27}}</ref> It has a panchromatic resolution of 0.25 metres making it the imaging satellite with highest resolution and Mx of 1 metre with a high quality resolution which is a major improvement from the previous payloads in the Cartosat series.<ref name="Cart3">{{cite web|author1=N. Gopal Raj|title=ISRO plans a new high-resolution earth satellite|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/isro-plans-a-new-highresolution-earth-satellite/article4482404.ece|website=The Hindu|access-date=19 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119185423/http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/isro-plans-a-new-highresolution-earth-satellite/article4482404.ece|archive-date=19 January 2018}}</ref>

== Launch Schedule ==
{| class = "wikitable"
! Designation
! Resolution (in meters)
! [[COSPAR ID]]
! [[Satellite Catalog Number|NORAD ID]]
! Power
! Launch date, Time (UTC)
! Launch mass
! Launch vehicle
! Launch site
! Remarks
|-
| [[Cartosat-1]]/IRS-P5
| 2.5
| 2005-017A
| 28649
| 1100 W
| 5 May 2005, 04:44
| {{cvt|1560|kg}}
| [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV-G]] [[PSLV-C6|C6]]
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre Second Launch Pad|SLP]], [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|SDSC]]
| First satellite in the series.
|-
| [[Cartosat-2]]/IRS-P7
| < 1
| 2007-001B
| 29710
| 900 W
| 10 January 2007 , 03:57
| {{cvt|680|kg}}
| [[PSLV]]-G C7
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad|FLP]], [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|SDSC]]
| Can be steered up to 45 degrees.
|-
| [[Cartosat-2A]]
| Unknown
| 2008-021A
| 32783
| 900 W
| 28 April 2008, 03:54
| {{cvt|690|kg}}
| PSLV-CA [[PSLV-C9|C9]]
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre Second Launch Pad|SLP]], [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|SDSC]]
| Dedicated to be used by [[Indian Armed Forces]].
|-
| [[Cartosat-2B]]
|
| 2010-035A
| 36795
| 930 W
| 12 July 2010, 03:52
| {{cvt|694|kg}}
| PSLV-CA C15
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad|FLP]], [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|SDSC]]
| Can be steered 26 degrees along as well as across.
|-
| [[Cartosat-2C]]
| 1.2
| 2016-040A
| 41599
| 986 W
| 22 June 2016, 03:56
| {{cvt|727.5|kg}}
| PSLV-XL [[PSLV-C34|C34]]
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre Second Launch Pad|SLP]], [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|SDSC]]
| Reduced mass and improved payloads
|-
| [[Cartosat-2D]]
|
| 2017-008A
| 41948
| 986 W
| 15 February 2017, 03:58
| {{cvt|712|kg}}
| PSLV-XL [[PSLV-C37|C37]]
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad|FLP]], [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|SDSC]]
|
|-
| [[Cartosat-2E]]
|
| 2017-036C
| 42767
| 986 W
| 23 June 2017, 03:59
| {{cvt|712|kg}}
| PSLV-XL [[PSLV-C38|C38]]
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad|FLP]], [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|SDSC]]
|
|-
| [[Cartosat-2F]]
|
| 2018-004A
| 43111
| 986 W
| 12 January 2018, 03:59
| {{cvt|710|kg}}
| PSLV-XL [[PSLV-C40|C40]]
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad|FLP]], [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|SDSC]]
|
|-
| [[Cartosat-3]]
| 0.25
| 2019-081A
| 44804
| 2000 W
| 27 November 2019, 03:58
| {{cvt|1625|kg}}
| PSLV-XL C47
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre Second Launch Pad|SLP]], [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|SDSC]]
| Indian satellite with highest resolution in the world today, high quality imaging at 1 metre resolution
|-
| [[Cartosat-3A]]
|
| TBD
| TBD
| TBA
| ~2021
|
| PSLV ??
|
|
|-
| [[Cartosat-3B]]
|
| TBD
| TBD
| TBA
| TBD
|
| PSLV ??
|
|
|}

== See also ==
*[[Indian Remote Sensing Satellite|Indian Remote Sensing Programme]]
*[[List of Indian satellites]]
*[[Information Gathering Satellite]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{IRS satellites}}
{{Indian space programme}}
{{Indian spacecraft}}

{{Use Indian English|date= June 2023}}

[[Category:Cartosat|*]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 2000s]]

Cartosat - Revision history

Bot at 11:14, 30 June 2023