UpdateBot at 04:36, 20 June 2022

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{{For|the character in the ''Ender's Game'' novels|Admiral Chamrajnagar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chamarajanagar District
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Karnataka|District]] of [[Karnataka]]
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
|size = 250
|photo1a = Sri Male Mahadeswara Temple (49988691058).jpg
|photo1b = Himavad Gopalaswamy betta Temple .jpg
|photo2a = Hogenakkal Falls KA.jpg
|photo2b = Banks of River Cauvery (7727198144).jpg
|photo3a = Eastern Biligirirangans8.jpg
}}
| image_alt =
| image_caption = [[Male Mahadeshwara Hills|MM Hills]], [[Gopalaswamy Hills|Himavad Gopalaswamy Betta]] temple, [[Kaveri]] at [[Talakadu]], [[Biligiriranga Hills|BR Hills]], [[Hogenakkal Falls]]
| nickname = Silk City
| image_map = Karnataka Chamarajanagar locator map.svg
| image_map1 = {{maplink |frame=yes
|frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center
|text= '''Chamarajanagar district'''
|type=shape |id=Q862912
|stroke-colour=#C60C30
|stroke-width=2
|title= Chamarajanagar district of Karnataka
|type2=line|id2=Q1185|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Karnataka
}}
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in Karnataka
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|11.9260|N|76.9402|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 15 August 1997
| founder =
| named_for =
| parts_type = [[Taluk]]s
| parts = [[Kollegal]], [[Yelandur]], [[Gundlupet]], [[Chamarajanagar]], [[Hanur]]
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Chamarajanagar]]
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| leader_title = Deputy Commissioner
| leader_name = M. R. Ravi, IAS
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 5101
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1,020,791
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = 200
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 571 313
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 08226
| registration_plate = * [[Chamarajanagar]] KA-10
| website = {{ url | chamrajnagar.nic.in }}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-KA]]
| footnotes =
| official_name = Chamarajanagara
}}

[[File:M.M.Hills, Kollegal.jpg|thumb|Temple chariot at M.M.Hills]]
'''Chamarajanagar or Chamarajanagara''' is the southernmost district in the state of [[Karnataka]], [[India]]. It was carved out of the original larger [[Mysore District]] in 1998. [[Chamarajanagar]] town is the headquarters of this district.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://chamrajnagar.nic.in/home.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=12 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009113122/http://chamrajnagar.nic.in/home.html |archive-date=9 October 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

It is the third least populous district in Karnataka (out of [[List of districts in Karnataka|30]]), after [[Kodagu district|Kodagu]] and [[Bangalore Rural district|Bangalore Rural]].<ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref>

==History==
Chamarajanagar was earlier known as Sri Arikottara.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}} [[Chamaraja Wodeyar I|Chamaraja Wodeyar]], the Wodeyar of Mysuru was born here and hence this place was renamed after him. The Vijaya Parsvanath Basadi, a holy Jain shrine was constructed by Punisadandanayaka, the commander of the Hoysala king Gangaraja in the year 1117 AD.

==Geography==
Being the southernmost district of [[Karnataka]], Chamarajanagar district borders the state of [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Kerala]]. Specifically, it borders [[Mysore]] district of [[Karnataka]] to the west and north, [[Mandya]] and [[Ramanagara]] districts of Karnataka to the north-east, [[Dharmapuri district|Dharmapuri]] and [[Krishnagiri district|Krishnagiri]] districts of Tamil Nadu to the east, [[Salem District|Salem]] to south-east, [[Erode district|Erode]] districts and [[Nilgiris district]] of Tamil Nadu to the south, and to the extreme south-west, there is a very small border with [[Wayanad]] district of Kerala.

Most of the district lies in the leeward region of the [[Nilgiris (mountains)|Nilgiris]] and consists of mainly semi-arid rain-dependent flatlands along with forested hills.

==Roads==
Three national highways of India pass through Chamarajanagara district namely NH-766, NH-181, and NH-948. Some state highways of Karnataka pass through this district.

National Highway 948 ( previously NH 209), which starts from Bengaluru in Karnataka state and ends at Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu, passes through the following places namely [[Kanakapura]], [[Malavalli]], [[Kollegal]], [[Chamarajanagar]], Punajanur and enters Tamil Nadu.It further goes to Hasanur, Dhimbam ghat,Thalamalai, [[Bannari]], [[Satyamangalam]], Pullampatti, [[Annur]] ends at Coimbatore. Few [[Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation|KSRTC]] buses run on NH 948. There are many roads from Chamarajanagara district to neighbouring taminadu state. One road connects [[Kollegal]] to Hasanur via Dhondenling and Germalam. There is a buddhist monastery at Dhondeling. Another road connects [[Kollegal]]a to Anthiyur via [[Hanur]], Ramapura, Burgur and Moongilpalya. The road from Kollegala to [[Mettur]] goes through Hanur Kowdalli( Cowdalli), Male Mahadeshwara Betta( MM Hills), Palar, Govindapadi, Kaveripuram and Kolathur. The above-mentioned three roads pass through forest teeming with wild animals, including elephants, Indian Bison, leopards and tigers. These roads are isolated and narrow at many stretches without any human habitation or cellular phone signals.

National Highway 181 connects [[Gundlupet]]e town of Chamarajanagara district with [[Ooty]] via Bandipura and Gudalur. National Highway 766 connects Gundlupete with Kalpetta via Mulehole and Sulthan bathery. The national highways 181 and 766 are closed for private vehicles at night in stretch between Gundlupete and neighbouring states.. Only state government buses are allowed at night in these section of highway.

==Demographics==
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Chamarajanagar district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,020,791,<ref name="districtcensus"/> roughly equal to the nation of [[Cyprus]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Cyprus 1,120,489 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Montana]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|title=2010 Resident Population Data
|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
|access-date=2011-09-30
|quote=Montana 989,415
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|archive-date=19 October 2013
|df=dmy
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 441st in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 200 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 5.75%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Chamarajanagar has a [[sex ratio]] of 989 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 61.43%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 25.42% and 11.78% of the population respectively.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://chamrajnagar.nic.in/en/demography/|title=Demography | Chamarajanagar District, Government of Karnataka | India}}</ref>

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Chamarajanagar district (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community - Karnataka|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW29C-01%20MDDS.XLS|publisher=Census of India}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Karnataka|Hinduism]]|darkorange|92.29}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|4.62}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Karnataka|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|2.17}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.92}}
}}

The district has a high percentage of Scheduled Castes, with a population of 259,000, making up a quarter of the district's population. Having a large percentage of forest cover the district also has a high population of tribals, mostly the [[Boya (caste)|Nayakas]] but also forest tribes like the [[Soliga tribe|Soligas]], [[Yerava]]s, [[Jenu Kuruba]]s and [[Betta Kuruba]]s. These tribals have their own languages and their total population is around 120,000, and make up 12% of the district population.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-Common/CensusData2011.html|title=Chamarajanagar District Population Religion - Karnataka, Chamarajanagar Literacy, Sex Ratio - Census India|website=www.censusindia.co.in|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-21}}</ref> Other communities include Lingayats, Muslims and Vokkaligas.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/lok-sabha-election-2019-karnataka-profile-congress-jds-bjp-set-for-epic-clash-belgaum-bangalore-north-shimoga-key-seats-constituency-constituencies-6340021.html|title=Lok Sabha Election 2019, Karnataka profile: Congress-JDS, BJP set for epic clash; Belgaum, Bangalore North, Shimoga key seats|website=Firstpost|date=28 March 2019|access-date=2020-04-21}}</ref>{{historical populations|11=1901|12=3,34,676|13=1911|14=3,44,414|15=1921|16=3,28,501|17=1931|18=3,52,485|19=1941|20=3,90,337|21=1951|22=4,49,448|23=1961|24=5,33,759|25=1971|26=6,16,502|27=1981|28=7,68,198|29=1991|30=8,83,365|31=2001|32=9,65,462|33=2011|34=10,20,791|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=middle}}

{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Chamarajanagar district (2011)<ref name="language"/>
|label1 = [[Kannada]] |value1 = 86.11 |color1 = darkslateblue
|label2 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]] |value2 = 4.58 |color2 = royalblue
|label3 = [[Urdu]] |value3 = 4.42 |color3 = green
|label4 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]] |value4 = 3.29 |color4 = aqua
|label5 = Others |value5 = 1.60 |color5 = gray
}}

At the time of the 2011 census, 86.10% of the population spoke [[Kannada]], 4.58% [[Tamil language|Tamil]], 4.42% [[Urdu]] and 3.29% [[Telugu language|Telugu]] as their first language.<ref name="language">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Karnataka|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2900.XLSX|website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

=== Crime ===

Since much of the southern area of the district is dense forest, it provided good refuge to the notorious bandit [[Veerappan]], responsible for the death of over a hundred policemen in both states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. He was shot dead in an encounter with the specially formed Special Task Force (STF) on 18 October 2004, in [[Dharmapuri]] district, Tamil Nadu. He had been on the run for over two decades. The presence of illegal quarrying for black stone imposes a great threat to the forests in the region.
==Tourist attractions==
The main tourist attractions are Sri Chamarajeshwara temple in [[Chamarajanagar]], [[Biligiriranga Hills]], K Gudi, [[Male Mahadeshwara Hills]], Gundal dam, Suvarnavati dam, [[Hogenakal Falls]], [[Shivanasamudra Falls|Shivasamudram]], [[Bandipur National Park|Bandipur national park]], [[Gopalaswamy Hills]] in Gundlupet and many.

== Notable people ==
* [[Dr.Rajkumar]] - actor
*[[Samsa (writer)|Samsa]] - first historical playwright in Modern Kannada
*
* [[B. Rachaiah]] - politician
*[[B. S. Madhava Rao]] - mathematical physicist
* [[Nanjaiah Honganuru]] - noted folklorist and writer
* [[Mudnakudu Chinnaswamy]] - poet
* [[R. Dhruvanarayana]] - politician
* [[S. Mahendar]] - filmmaker
* [[Avinash]] - actor
*
* [[S.M. Siddaiah]] - Lawyer and Politician

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Wikivoyage|Chamarajanagar (district)}}
{{commons category|Chamarajanagar district}}
* [https://chamrajnagar.nic.in/ Official website]
* [http://mapsofindia.com/maps/karnataka/districts/chamrajanagar.htm Maps Of India - Map of Chamarajanagar district]

{{Settlements in Chamarajanagar district}}
{{Karnataka topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chamarajanagar District}}
[[Category:Chamarajanagar district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Karnataka]]
[[Category:1998 establishments in Karnataka]]

Chamarajanagar district - Revision history

UpdateBot at 04:36, 20 June 2022