Sindhu at 23:58, 24 November 2023

2023-11-24T23:58:24Z

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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chandrakona I
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Community development block
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map = Chandrakona-I in Paschim Medinipur (West Bengal).svg
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|22|43|48.0|N|87|34|48.0|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Paschim Medinipur district|Paschim Medinipur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Federalism in India|Federal democracy]]
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 193.54
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 16
| population_total = 136,006
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 721201 (Chandrakona) 721232 (Manoharpur)
| area_code = 03225
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-34
| blank1_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank1_info_sec1 = 78.93%
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Arambagh (Lok Sabha constituency)|Arambagh]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Chandrakona (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chandrakona]]
| website = {{URL|paschimmedinipur.gov.in/}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Chandrakona I''' is a [[Community development block in India|community development block]] that forms an administrative division in [[Ghatal subdivision]] of [[Paschim Medinipur district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Geography==
In Chandrakona I CD block is a flat deltaic country intersected by numerous rivers and water courses. 100% of the cultivated area has highly productive [[alluvium|alluvial]] soil.<ref name="geography">{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = pages 4-5 (About Paschim Medinipur), page 26 (Predominant Soil), pages 265- 268 (Identification of flood prone areas, Names of drought prone blocks) | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

Chandrakona is located at {{coord|22.73|N|87.52|E|format=dms|}}.

Chandrakona I CD block is bounded by [[Goghat I]] and [[Goghat II]] CD blocks, in Hooghly district, in the north, [[Ghatal (community development block)|Ghatal]] CD block in the east, [[Daspur I]] CD block in the south and [[Chandrakona II]] and [[Garhbeta I]] CD blocks in the west.

It is located 53 km from [[Midnapore]], the district headquarters.

Chandrakona I CD block has an area of 193.54 km2. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 6 [[gram panchayat]]s, 102 gram sansads (village councils), 132 [[mouza]]s and 126 inhabited villages. [[Chandrakona#Police station|Chandrakona]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur | work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 | publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 14 September 2020}}</ref> Headquarters of this CD block is at Bamaria, [[Kshirpai]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1918_PART_A_DCHB_PASCHIM%20MEDINIPUR.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Paschim Medinipur | work= Map of Paschim Medinipur with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 20 November 2016 }}</ref>

[[Gram panchayat]]s of Chandrakona I block/ panchayat samiti are: Jara, Laxmipur, Mangrul, Manikkundu, Monoharpur I and Monoharpur II.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Paschim Medinipur - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 1 August 2016}}</ref>

==Demographics==

===Population===
According to the [[2011 Census of India]] Chandrakona I CD block had a total population of 136,006, all of which were rural. There were 69,820 (51%) males and 66,186 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 15,077. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 46,759 (34.38%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 7,516 (5.53%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 3 May 2016}}</ref>

As per the 2001 census, Chandrakona I block had a total population of 118,077, out of which 60,277 were males and 57,800 were females. Chandrakona I block registered a population growth of 13.98 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the combined Midnapore district was 14.87 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web | url =http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_15.htm | title = Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, (erstwhile) Medinipur District | access-date = 22 July 2016 | work = Census of India 2001 | publisher = Census Commission of India|url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928205819/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_15.htm|archive-date=September 28, 2011}}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.45 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date= 17 July 2016 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref>

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Chandrakona I CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Jara (5,569) and Mangul (5,462).<ref name=census2011/>

Other villages Chandrakona I CD block include (2011 census figures in brackets): Manikkunda (2,828) and Lakshipur (2,939).<ref name=census2011/>

===Literacy===
As per the 2011 census the total number of literate persons in Chandrakona I CD block was 95,452 (78.93% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 52,777 (85.00% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 42,675 (72.53% of the female population over 6 years).The gender gap in literacy rates was 12.48%.<ref name=census2011/>

See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]

{{Literacy in CD Blocks of Paschim Medinipur district|collapsible=y}}

===Language and religion===

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Chandrakona I CD block (2011)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|87.14}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|12.00}}
{{bar percent|Other (tribal religion)|maroon|0.56}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.30}}
}}

In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 118,511 and formed 87.14% of the population in Chandrakona I CD block. Muslims numbered 16,328 and formed 12.00% of the population. Others numbered 1,167 and formed 0.86% of the population.<ref name=censusreligion2011>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html |title = C1 Population by Religious Community | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 29 July 2016}}</ref> Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/SCST-Series/ST14A.html |title = ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 29 July 2016}}</ref> Christians and other religious communities. In 2001, Hindus were 88.50% and Muslims 11.17% of the population respectively.<ref name=censusreligion2001>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/21481/download/24613/PC01_C01_19.xls|title = Table C01 Population by Religious Community: West Bengal |publisher = [[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]] |date=2001}}</ref>

{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Chandrakona I CD block (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1 = 96.71 |color1 = orchid
|label2 = [[Santali language|Santali]] |value2 = 3.19 |color2 = darkturquoise
|label3 = Others |value3 = 0.10 |color3 = grey
}}

At the time of the 2011 census, 96.71% of the population spoke [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and 3.19% [[Santali language|Santali]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==BPL families==
In Chandrakona I CD block 44.21% families were living [[Below Poverty Line (India)|below poverty line]] in 2007.<ref name=bpl>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = May 2011. Page 177 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 8 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

According to the District [[Human Development Report]] of Paschim Medinipur: The 29 CD blocks of the district were classified into four categories based on the poverty ratio. Nayagram, Binpur II and Jamboni CD blocks have very high poverty levels (above 60%). Kharagpur I, Kharagpur II, Sankrail, Garhbeta II, Pingla and Mohanpur CD blocks have high levels of poverty (50-60%), Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Dantan I, Gopiballavpur II, Binpur I, Dantan II, Keshiari, Chandrakona I, Gopiballavpur I, Chandrakona II, Narayangarh, Keshpur, Ghatal, Sabang, Garhbeta I, Salboni, Debra and Garhbeta III CD Blocks have moderate levels of poverty (25-50%) and Daspur II and Daspur I have low levels of poverty (below 25%).<ref name=bpl/>

==Economy==
===Infrastructure===
132 or 100% of mouzas in Chandrakona I CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur | work = Tables 2.1, 8.2, 16.1, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 14 September 2020}}</ref>

129 mouzas in Chandrakona I CD block had drinking water facilities in 2013-14. There were 111 fertiliser depots, 108 seed stores and 28 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Agriculture===
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Persons engaged in agriculture in Chandrakona I CD block'''
|value1 = 8.62
|label1 = Bargadars
|value2 = 24.49
|label2 = Patta holders
|value3 = 2.55
|label3 = Small farmers
|value4 = 25.56
|label4 = Marginal farmers
|value5 = 38.77
|label5= Agricultural labourers}}
Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not fully implemented. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 7 August 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Chandrakona I CD block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 8.62%, patta (document) holders 24.49%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2.55%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 25.56% and agricultural labourers 38.77%.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2005-06 the nett cropped area in Chandrakona I CD block was 17,000 hectares out of geographical area of 22,228 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 12,827 hectares.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur | work = Table 2.4, Page 28 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = Chapter V: Economic Livelihoods, pages 129-131 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref> In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Chandrakona I CD Block was 13,019 hectares, out of which 500 hectares were irrigated by canals, 600 hectares by tank water, 8,186 hectares by deep tubewells, 2,905 hectares by shallow tubewells, 240 hectares by river lift irrigation and 588 hectares by other methods.<ref name=handbook2014/>
In 2013-14, Chandrakona I CD block produced 3,786 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop, from 3,266 hectares, 30,208 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 7,546 hectares and 20,064 tonnes of potatoes from 1,900 hectares. It also produced oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Banking===
In 2013-14, Chandrakona I CD block had offices of 9 commercial banks and 1 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin bank]].<ref name=handbook2014/>

==Transport==
Chandrakona I CD block has 8 ferry services and 1 originating/ terminating bus route. The nearest railway station is 30 km from the CD block headquarters.<ref name=handbook2014/>

[[State Highway 4 (West Bengal)]] running from Jhalda (in Purulia district) to Digha (in Purba Medinipur district) passes through this block.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.wbtrafficpolice.com/state-highways.php |title = List of State Highways in West Bengal | publisher= West Bengal Traffic Police | access-date = 15 September 2016}}</ref>

==Education==
In 2013-14, Chandrakona I CD block had 117 primary schools with 8,218 students, 7 middle schools with 1,077 students, 14 high schools with 6,807 students and 9 higher secondary schools with 7,887 students. Chandrakona I CD block had 257 institutions for special and non-formal education with 9,715 students,<ref name=handbook2014/>

The [[United Nations Development Programme]] considers the combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Chandrakona I CD block out of the total 116 primary schools in 2008-2009, 37 had pucca buildings, 21 partially pucca, and 58 multiple type.<ref name=humandev2>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = May 2011. Page: 60 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 31 July 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

==Healthcare==
In 2014, Chandrakona I CD block had 1 rural hospital and 5 primary health centres with total 68 beds and 8 doctors. It had 23 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 5,083 patients were treated indoor and 141,866 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Khirpai Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at [[Khirpai]], is the major government medical facility in the Chandrakona I CD block. There are [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] at: [[Ramjibanpur]] (with 10 beds), Ramkrishnapur (PO Tatarpara) (with 10 beds), Mangrul (PO Goaldanga Mangrul) (with 10 beds), Dingal (PO Dingal-Kumargeria) (with 10 beds) and Jara (with 2 beds).<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals | publisher = Government of West Bengal |access-date = 1 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 1 September 2020 | archive-date = 21 April 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180421215645/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|3}}

{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Paschim Medinipur topics}}

[[Category:Community development blocks in Paschim Medinipur district]]

Chandrakona I - Revision history

Sindhu at 23:58, 24 November 2023