117.99.210.79 at 13:16, 29 April 2022

2022-04-29T13:16:31Z

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{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Changlang}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Changlang district
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Arunachal Pradesh|District]] of [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_map = {{maplink |frame=yes
|frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center
|text= '''Changlang district'''
|type=shape |id=Q15427
|stroke-colour=#C60C30
|stroke-width=2
|title= Changlang district of Arunachal Pradesh
|type2=line|id2=Q1162|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Arunachal Pradesh
}}
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in Arunachal Pradesh
| coordinates = {{coord|27|07|48|N|95|44|24|E|region:IN-AR_type:adm2nd_source:kolossus-nowiki|display=title,inline}}
| coor_pinpoint = Changlang
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = Arunachal East
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Changlang]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| area_total_km2 = 4662
|postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|Pincode(s)]]
|postal_code = 792 120<ref>[https://indiapincodes.net/Arunachal-pradesh/Changlang/Changlan/ Changlan]</ref>
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 148,226<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php |title= District Census 2011 |publisher=Census2011.co.in }}</ref> (2011)
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 61.9%<ref name=districtcensus />
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 914<ref name=districtcensus />
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 =
| leader_title2 =
| leader_name2 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = {{URL|http://changlang.nic.in/}}
| official_name =
| image_skyline = Forest snow Namdapha IMG 3373 07.jpg
| image_caption = Peaks in [[Namdapha National Park]]
| Deputy Commissioner = Dr. Devansh Yadav IAS
}}
[[File:Tutsa Dancers from Changlang District.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Tutsa Dancers from Changlang District]]

'''Changlang district''' (Pron:/tʃæŋˈlæŋ/) is located in the Indian state of [[Arunachal Pradesh]], located south of [[Lohit District|Lohit district]] and north of [[Tirap District|Tirap]] district. As of 2011 it is the second most populous district of Arunachal Pradesh (out of [[Districts of Arunachal Pradesh|16]]), after [[Papum Pare district|Papum Pare]].<ref name="districtcensus"/> It has become one of the major districts in the area owing to the presence of crude oil, coal and mineral resources other than tourism and hydropower.

==History==

===Post-independence===
The district was created on 14 November 1987, when it was split from [[Tirap district]].<ref name='Statoids'>{{cite web | url = http://www.statoids.com/yin.html | title = Districts of India | access-date = 2011-10-11 | last = Law | first = Gwillim | date = 25 September 2011 | work = Statoids}}</ref>

The Indian Government resettled many Chakmas and Hajong here. They had fled from East Pakistan, which constructed the Kaptai Dam on their lands displacing hundreds of thousands.

==Geography==
Changlang district occupies an area of {{convert|4662|km2|sqmi}},<ref name="Reference Annual">{{cite book|title=India 2010: A Reference Annual|editor1=Srivastava, Dayawanti |publisher=Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]]|year=2010|isbn=978-81-230-1617-7|edition=54th|location=New Delhi, India|page=1113|chapter=States and Union Territories: Arunachal Pradesh: Government}}</ref> comparatively equivalent to [[Indonesia]]'s [[Lombok Island]].<ref name='Islands'>{{cite web | url = http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | title = Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area | access-date = 2011-10-11 | date = 18 February 1998 | publisher = [[United Nations Environment Program]] | quote = Lombok 4,625 km<sup>2</sup>}}</ref>

It falls in a region that receives high rainfall. The region is rich in wildlife with a different kind of flora and fauna. The district has both plains and highlands. Most of the plains are in the [[valley of Dihing]]. The area is prone to occasional floods.

===National [[protected area]]===
*[[Namdapha National Park]]

==Economy==
The [[Dihing]] is the main source of fishes for the local people. The freshwater fishes are very much in demand they hardly reach major towns nearby like [[Tinsukia]], [[Doomdooma]], [[Digboi]] and [[Dibrugarh]].

==Administrative divisions==
There are 5 [[Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] constituencies located in this district: Bordumsa, Miao, Nampong, Changlang South and Changlang North. All of these are part of [[Arunachal East (Lok Sabha constituency)|Arunachal East Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref name="ceo1">{{cite web|url=http://ceoarunachal.nic.in/Information/ACwiseDistrictwisePCwise.htm |title=Assembly Constituencies allocation w.r.t District and Parliamentary Constituencies |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Arunachal Pradesh website |access-date=21 March 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813085549/http://ceoarunachal.nic.in/Information/ACwiseDistrictwisePCwise.htm |archive-date=13 August 2011}}</ref>

The Changlang district has five Sub-Divisions namely Changlang, Manmao, Jairampur, Bordumsa, and Miao.

Changlang Sub-Divisions (Chanlang Block) covers four circles, namely [[Changlang]] (14,718 people), [[Khimiyang]] (3,506 people), Namtok (3,085 people) and [[Yatdam]].

Manmao Sub-Division (Manmao Block) covers three Circles, namely [[Manmao]] (3,814 people), Renuk, and Lyngok-Longtoi.

Jairampur Sub-Division (Nampong Block) covers three Circles, namely [[Nampong]] (4,424 people), [[Jairampur]] (7,836 people) and [[Rima-Putak]].

Bordumsa Sub-Division ([[Bordumsa-Diyun|Bordumsa-Diyun Block]]) has got only two circles [[Bordumsa]] (25,369 people) and [[Diyun]] (28,907 people).

And Miao Sub-Division (Khagam-Miao Block) covers three circles namely [[Miao, Changlang|Miao]] (20,266 people), [[Kharsang]] (9,509 people) and Vijoynagar (3,988 people).

Total, there are fifteen Circles, five Blocks, and five Subdivisions in Changlang district.

There are two municipalities Changlang (6,469 people) and Jairampur (5,919 people).

The administrative setup is based on single-line administration which aims to keep close co-operation amongst various developmental departments with the district administration and thus, to work together for the speedy development of the area. The district has four Sub-Divisions and a total of 12 circles as shown in Table 2.1 below. The
Deputy Commissioner is the overall in-charge of the district administration maintains law and order with the help of administrative officers and police forces.
Moreover, the villagers have their own customary administrative systems in the form of
traditional village councils consisting of the Gaon Buras and members.

==Transport==
Trans-Arunachal highway connects northern parts of the district with Namsai district in the north. Changlang headquarters is connected to Assam by Changlang-Margherita road and to Tirap district by Trans-Arunachal Highway.

The {{convert|2000|km|mi|adj=mid|-long}} proposed Mago-[[Thingbu]] to [[Vijaynagar, Changlang|Vijaynagar]] [[Mago-Thingbu to Vijaynagar Border Road|Arunachal Pradesh Frontier Highway]] along the [[McMahon Line]],<ref name=BR1>{{cite web|title=Top officials to meet to expedite road building along China border|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Top-officials-to-meet-to-expedite-road-building-along-China-border/articleshow/44831871.cms|author=Dipak Kumar Dash|work=The Times of India|access-date=27 October 2014}}</ref><ref name=BR2>{{cite web|title=Narendra Modi government to provide funds for restoration of damaged highways
|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-narendra-modi-government-to-provide-funds-for-restoration-of-damaged-highways-2020106|access-date=27 October 2014}}</ref><ref name=BR3>{{cite web|title=Indian Government Plans Highway Along Disputed China Border|url=https://thediplomat.com/2014/10/indian-government-plans-highway-along-disputed-china-border/|author=Ankit Panda|publisher=thediplomat.com|access-date=27 October 2014}}</ref><ref name=BR4>{{cite web |url= http://www.livemint.com/Politics/nqEwdXxkIgrSHPpTSzsFRN/Govt-planning-road-along-McMohan-line-in-Arunachal-Pradesh.html |title= Govt planning road along McMohan line in Arunachal Pradesh: Kiren Rijiju |publisher= Live Mint |access-date= 2014-10-26}}</ref> (will intersect with the proposed [[East-West Industrial Corridor Highway, Arunachal Pradesh|East-West Industrial Corridor Highway]]) and will pass through this district, alignment map of which can be seen [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2014/20141016/nat7.jpg here] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306112247/http://arunachalpradesh.nic.in/images/state_map.jpg here].<ref name=BR5>{{cite web |url= http://www.tribuneindia.com/2014/20141016/nation.htm|title=China warns India against paving road in Arunachal|author=Ajay Banerjee|publisher=tribuneindia.com|access-date= 2014-10-26}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|23=1961|24=18,227|25=1971|26=41,474|27=1981|28=62,211|29=1991|30=95,530|31=2001|32=1,25,422|33=2011|34=1,48,226|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Changlang district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 148,226,<ref name=district_cencus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Saint Lucia]].<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Saint Lucia 161,557 July 2011 est.
}}</ref>

This gives it a ranking of 598th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640 districts]]). The district has a population density of {{convert|32|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}. Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 17.96%. Changlang has a [[sex ratio]] of 914 females for every 1000 males, and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 61.9%. Scheduled Tribes made up 36.3% of the district's population.<ref name=district_cencus/>

The largest group in the state are the [[Chakma people|Chakma]] and [[Hajong people|Hajong]] who were settled in the region after their home in the [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]] was flooded by the [[Kaptai Dam]]. They make up around a third of the district's population.<ref>{{Cite news|others=Special Correspondent|date=2020-06-06|title=Coronavirus {{!}} Row over inclusion of Chakmas in Arunachal infection tally|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/coronavirus-row-over-inclusion-of-chakmas-in-arunachal-infection-tally/article31766235.ece|access-date=2021-01-22|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Another third is made up of tribal groups, namely [[Tangsa]], [[Tutsa]], [[Nocte]], [[Chakma people|Chakma]], [[Singpho people|Singpho]], [[Gorkha]] and the [[Yobin people|Yobin]]. Sizeable communities of the [[Tibetan people|Tibetans]],<ref>[http://www.tibet.net/en/flash/2003/1003/241003_1.html Tibetans in Miao Elect Settlement Officer] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311034528/http://www.tibet.net/en/flash/2003/1003/241003_1.html |date=11 March 2007 }}. Tibet.net (24 October 2003).</ref> and Bodo are also there.

The Tibetan people are clustered at '''Choephelling Tibetan''' settlement in Miao, which was set up in 1976 hosts a population of 2200.<ref>[http://www.tibet.net/home/eng/settlements/choephel/ Choepheling Tibetan Settlement, Miao, Arunachal Pradesh, India] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051104185911/http://www.tibet.net/home/eng/settlements/choephel/ |date=4 November 2005 }}</ref>

===Languages===
At the time of the 2011 census, 27.14% of the population spoke [[Chakma language|Chakma]], 20.08% [[Tangsa language|Tangsa]], 7.09% [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 3.97% [[Sadri language|Sadri]], 3.50% [[Assamese language|Assamese]], 3.26% [[Hindi]], 3.22% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 2.22% [[Monpa people|Monpa]], 2.04% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], 1.79% [[Hajong language|Hajong]], 1.65% [[Nocte language|Nocte]] and 1.13% [[Chungli Ao language|Chungli Ao]] as their first language. Other significant languages in the district not recorded in the census are Singpho, spoken by c. 3900 people.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>
===Religion===
{{bar box|width = 300px
| barwidth = 250px |cellpadding="0"
| title = Religion in Changlang district (2011)<ref name="census2011">{{cite web|title=Population by religion community – 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=Census of India, 2011|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150825155850/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS|archive-date=25 August 2015}}</ref>
| titlebar = #Fcd116
| left1 = Religion
| right1 = Percent
| float =
| bars =
{{bar percent|[[Buddhism]]|Gold|33.99}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|Orange|32.17}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity]]|Blue|24.27}}
{{bar percent|[[Rangfrah]]|Red|8.13}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|1.44}}}}

Buddhism, followed predominantly by the Chakmas and the Singphos and Khamti, is the largest religion in the district and is practiced by around a third of the population. Other non-tribal communities, such as the Hajong, Nepalis, Bhojpuris, Assamese and others are Hindus, who make up around 32% of the population. Around half the tribals, including most of the Tangsa, Nocte, and other Naga groups, have converted to Christianity, but a large minority among these groups still practice their traditional animistic faith. Some have attempted to formalize this faith into a new spiritual movement called [[Rangfrah]]. Christianity is also practiced among some members of the tea garden tribes like Munda and Kurukh.

==Tourism==
Places to visit are '''World War II cemetery''' in [[Jairampur]], Indo-Myanmar border town [[Nampong]] and [[Pangsau Pass]]. Another place of interest is [[Bordumsa]] where the rich culture of the Tais and Singpho exist. Namdapha National park has many tourist homes & picturesque areas.

==Flora and fauna==
The [[Namdapha]] Tiger reserve is located in Miao town of this district.

==Health services==
District Hospital is located in Changlang headquarters. Subdivisions and major Administrative circles have Community health Center or Primary health Center to take care of basic health needs.

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://changlang.nic.in/ Official web site of Changlang District]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Changlang district
|North = [[Lohit district]]
|Northeast = [[Anjaw district]]
|East = ''[[Myanmar]]''
|Southeast =
|South = ''[[Myanmar]]''
|Southwest =
|West = [[Tirap district]]
|Northwest = [[Tinsukia district]], Assam
}}

{{Arunachal Pradesh}}
{{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Changlang District}}
[[Category:Changlang district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Arunachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]]
[[Category:1987 establishments in Arunachal Pradesh]]

Changlang district - Revision history

117.99.210.79 at 13:16, 29 April 2022