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{{About|the town of Haryana|the town in Uttar Pradesh|Dadri}}
{{More citations needed|date=November 2009}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Charkhi Dadri
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = Hindi
| other_name =
| settlement_type = City
| translit_lang1_info =
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = India Haryana#India3
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Haryana, India
| coordinates = {{coord|28.59|N|76.27|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Haryana]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 127306
| area_code = 01250
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-HR]]
| registration_plate = HR 19
HR 84 (Commercial)
| Registration _plate = HR 84 (commercial vehicle)
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Kosli]], [[Bhiwani]],.
[[Rohtak]]
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Climatic regions of India|Dry]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])
| website = {{URL|charkhidadri.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| demographics1_title2 = Spoken
| demographics1_info2 = [[Haryanavi]], [[Hindi]], English
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = 54:46 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank3_info_sec1 = 70%
| blank4_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank4_info_sec1 = [[Dadri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]]
| Member of the Legislative Assembly (India) = Rajdeep Phogat
| NOTABLE PERSONS = Vishwas Chouhan, Comedian
}}

'''Charkhi Dadri''' is a city and headquarters of [[Charkhi Dadri district]] in the state of [[Haryana]], [[India]], about 90 km from Delhi.<ref>{{cite web|title=Charkhi Dadri is state's 22nd district|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/charkhi-dadri-is-state-s-22nd-district/297332.html|website=tribuneindia|publisher=The Tribune Trust|access-date=20 November 2016}}</ref> The town was made by joining the villages of Charkhi and Dadri after urban development. Charkhi Dadri, located in southern Haryana {{convert|110|km}} from the national capital of [[New Delhi]], is on [[National Highway 148B (India)|NH 148B]] between [[Narnaul]] to [[Bathinda]] and NH 348B between Meerut to Pilani segment passing through the city.

==Etymology==
"Dadri" is derived from a lake called ''Dadar'' which was full of ''dadur'' ([[Sanskrit]]: frog) from which it took its current name. To distinguish Dadri from other similarly named places in the area, sometimes Dadri's name was appended to the nearby village of ''Charkhi''. After [[Independence Day (India)|India became independent]], in recognition of the contribution of people of Charki village during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|first war of independence in 1857]] against the British colonial rule and [[Praja Mandala movement]] against the oppressive rule of the [[Jind State]], the government officially named the town as ''Charkhi-Dadri''.<ref name=hargazc1>[http://revenueharyana.gov.in/Portals/0/hr-gaz-ch-5.pdf Haryana Gazetteer], Revenue Dept of Haryana, Chapter-V.</ref>

When [[Ramkrishna Dalmia]], the founder of [[Dalmia Group]], established a cement factory at Dadri during the rule of Jind State, the town was renamed as "Dalmia Dadri" on request of [[Ganga Ram#Service in Patiala State|Sir Ganga Ram Kaul]] who was then Chief Minister of Jind State, which was renamed to "Charkhi Dadri" when Jind State was merged with [[Patiala and the East Punjab States Union]] (PEPSU) in 1948.<ref name=hargazc1/>

==History==
===Early history===
The town was founded around the 14th century by a [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari|Chauhan]] [[Rajput]] '''Bilhan Singh'''.<ref name=hargazc1/>

According to the [[oral tradition]], he saw a cow and lion drinking water side by side at dadur lake. Intrigued by the sight, he went to a nearby cottage where a [[Mahatma]] named Swami Dayal lived. Bilhan Singh sought Mahatma's blessings and was told that if he made the place his home, his family would be blessed and would rule over it in the future.<ref name=hargazc1/>

===Mughal era===
During the medieval times, Dadri was also a ''[[pargana]]'' (district) and ''[[riyasat]]'' (state). [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperors [[Akbar]] and [[Farrukhsiyar]] both issued [[firman]]s (housed in [[Red Fort Archaeological Museum]] and "Rao Harnarian Singh Dhan Collection of Charkhi Dadri" respectively) to grant land to [[zamindar]]s as ''"madad-i-mash"'' (subsistence allowance). In 1780 CE, mughal emperor [[Shah Alam II]] bestwowed the title of [[Rao (title)|Rao]] of some [[Brahmin]]s of the town.<ref name=hargazc1/>

===British colonial era===
In 1806, [[British raj]] gave Charkhi Dadri to [[Nawab]] of Jhajjhar, the ruler of a [[princely state]] who stayed in power till 1857. Charkhi Dadri tract had an area of 575sq miles and revenue of Rs 10,3000 annually. In [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|1857 war]], the Nawab of Dadri, Bahadur Jung Khan who had given token allegiance to Emperor [[Bahadurshah Zafar|˞BahadurShah Zafar]], surrendered to British and tried by military court-martial in Delhi on 27 Nov. 1857.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nUNprZiD3GsC&q=Dadri&pg=PA199|title=Bahadur Shah Zafar and the War of 1857 in Delhi|last=Husain|first=Syed Mahdi|date=2006|publisher=Aakar Books|isbn=9788187879916|language=en}}</ref> He was removed to [[Lahore]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6n7vV0eiS3YC&q=dadri&pg=PA114|title=Haryana: Past and Present|last=Sharma|first=Suresh K.|date=2006-02-01|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=9788183240468|language=en}}</ref> Dadri was awarded to [[Swarup Singh of Jind|Raja Sarup Singh]] of [[Jind]] for his services to [[East India Company|EIC]] in the 1857 war. In May 1864, some fifty villages revolted against his descendant Raja Raghbir Singh but the rebellion was crushed. Three principal villages which took part in the rebellion, Charkhi, Mankinas and Jhanjhu, were burned down.<ref>https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.211064/2015.211064.The-Rajas_djvu.txt</ref> Notable Sanskrit, Arabic and Persian scholars lived here as evident by the collection of Sanskrit and Persian manuscripts by Rao Uttam Singh, a teacher to the King of Jind State.<ref name=hargazc1/>

===1996 mid-air collision===
{{main|Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision}}
Charkhi Dadri came to media attention when, on 12 November 1996, a [[Kazakhstan Airlines]] [[Ilyushin Il-76]] struck a [[Saudia]] [[Boeing 747]] in the sky above the village, causing both jets to crash into the fields below. The collision resulted in the deaths of all 349 people on board both aircraft. It was the deadliest mid-air collision on record, the deadliest aviation disaster that left no survivors, the deadliest aviation disaster in India,<ref>{{cite web|last=Tully|first=Total|date=1996-11-12|title=Listverse - Top 10 Deadliest Airline Disasters|url=https://listverse.com/2010/12/30/top-10-deadliest-airline-disasters/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-02-02|website=Listverse|publisher=Listverse}}</ref> as well as the third-deadliest aviation disaster of all time (Not including 9/11).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://toolkit.bootsnall.com/transportation-travel-guide/air-travel-guide/ask-the-pilot-collection/ten-worst-airplane-crashes-in-history.html |title=Ten Worst Airplane Crashes in History - BootsnAll Toolkit |publisher=Toolkit.bootsnall.com |access-date=2012-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708084305/http://toolkit.bootsnall.com/transportation-travel-guide/air-travel-guide/ask-the-pilot-collection/ten-worst-airplane-crashes-in-history.html |archive-date=8 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Formation of district===
Previously in [[Bhiwani district]], Charkhi Dadri became part of the new [[Charkhi Dadri district]] in 2016.<ref>{{cite news|title=Charki Dadri notified as 22nd district of Haryana|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Charki-Dadri-notified-as-22nd-district-of-Haryana/articleshow/55803185.cms|work=The Times of India|date=5 December 2016}}</ref> According hssc 16 Nov 2016

===Historic monuments===
There are some historic places in the city which include ''Shyamesar Lake'' and ''Dayal Temple'' to name a few.

: '''Baba Shami Dayal Samadhi and temple''': Most ancient monument in the town is the [[Samadhi]] of Baba Shami Dayal, who is [[Punjabi folk religion#Jathera—ancestral shrines|Jathera]] (also called [[Veneration of the dead|Dhok]]) of [[Phogat sisters|Phogat gotra]] of [[jat people|Jat]]s, holds an annual fair on 8th day of [[Bhadra (Hindu calendar)|Bhado]] month of Hindu [[Vikram Samvat]] calendar.<ref name=hargazc1/>

: '''Shyamesar lake''': In 1687 CE during [[Aurangzeb]] rule, Lala Sita Ram built the Shyamesar lake at the cost of Rs. 100,000. Lala was also mentioned as the treasurer of Mughal emperor [[Muhammad Shah]] (r. 1719-48) in the "1904 Phulkian States Gazetteer".<ref name=hargazc1/>

: '''Charkhi Dadri Fort''': In the first half of the 19th century the Nawab of Jhajjar built a fort here which is currently occupied by various government offices. In the second half of 19th century the Jind State built the "Dorothy villa" which is currently being used as the "PWD Rest House".<ref name=hargazc1/>
: '''Dada Ramser Mandir''': This temple at Shyam hill in "Nauranga Bass Jattan & Badari" village. this is a big temple visit for more information

==Demographics==
As of the 2001 India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Charkhi Dadri had a population of 44,892. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Charkhi Dadri has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 59.5%, with male literacy of 76% and female literacy of 62%. 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.

The major part of the ethnographic spectrum of the population is constituted by [[Jat people]] who have come from various neighbouring villages as well as many of them are descendants of the [[Rajput]] founders of the city. Another major chunk is descendant of [[Maratha]] warriors who after the defeat in the [[Third Battle of Panipat|Third Battle Of Panipat]], decided to settle in the nearby places. Another major community belongs to [[Bania (caste)]], Punjabi who live in clusters in the areas of Subhash Chowk, Kath Mandi, Pahwa Chowk and Ladhan Paana, are also found in great numbers. Saini lives in the majority in Saini Pura, Jhajjar Ghati, [[Bir Bhairvi]] earlier known as "Gwadiwala Johar founded by late Nathu Ram Saini under the [[Ficus religiosa|Peepal tree, age of peepal tree is more than 100 years and now alive]] and [[Brahmin]] who lives majorly in the concentrated pockets of the old city called ''Chotti Bazari'' and places around ''Anaj mandi''. Nevertheless, the city is a perfect melange with people from other diverse castes and communities as well."

People of many ''gotra''s live in Charkhi Dadri, the major ones being [http://www.jatland.com/home/Lohra#Villages_in_Bhiwani_District Lor]</ref> [[Phogat]], [[Prajapati]], Rana, Lamba, [[Ahlawat]], [[Malik]], [[Saini]], Sangwan, Sansanwal, Rajotiya and [[Sheoran]].

==Economy==
Charkhi Dadri is the main market for all nearby villages and has its own food and grain markets and one FCI godown. It has many shopping institutions such as the main market and hira chowk. Various motor vehicle showroom like Bajaj, Chevrolet, Hero, Honda, Mahindra and TVs are present here. It makes Charkhi Dadri a big market for shopping. LOCAL CART APP( the best online shopping platform) head office located in charkhi dadri.

===Cement plant===
[[Cement Corporation Of India (CCI)]] established one of its cement plants in [[Haryana]]. The plant was commissioned in 1982 with an installed capacity of 174,000 tonnes per annum. The process used in the plant was a semi-dry one. The plant is sprawled across {{convert|198|acre|km2}}. It functioned for almost 15 years before production was stopped in 1996 due to various issues. It remains closed.<ref>{{cite web|title=Charkhi-Dadri Cement Factory|url=http://www.cementcorporation.co.in/page.php?id=109|publisher=Cement Corporation of India}}{{Dead link|date=June 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==Politics==
[[Chandrawati]], Ganpat Rai - Ex-MLA, Hargain Singh Gochwal, [[Hukam Singh (Haryana politician)|Hukam Singh]] (master) - late Ex-Chief Minister, Kripa Ram Phogat (late) - head of first labour union of Delhi Transport Corporation, Ram Kishan Gupta (late) - Ex-MP and educationalist, are a few prominent politicians.

== Educational institutions ==
Late Ram Kishan Gupta, then a former parliamentarian<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040106/haryana.htm#8|access-date=30 December 2015|publisher=Tribune}}</ref> founded the Dadri Education Society.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.education.nic.in/cd50years/g/12/5X/125X0701.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2010-07-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416231758/http://education.nic.in/cd50years/g/12/5X/125X0701.htm |archive-date=2009-04-16 }}</ref> There are several educational institutions, including Murari Lal Rasiwasiya Ayurvedic College (MLRAC), KAIM<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kaimindia.in/index.php |title=KAIM |access-date=2 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160104130140/http://kaimindia.in/index.php |archive-date=4 January 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> (Kedarnath Aggarwal Institute of Management), and JVMGRR Institute of Computer Applications, in Charkhi Dadri. There are also Apeejay School, DRK Adarsh Vidya Mandir, RED School, Vaish Girls Senior Secondary School, Geeta Niketan and Geetangli.

== Places to see ==
Charkhi Dadri is the newly formed district of Haryana. It was created in 2016 as the 22nd district of Haryana. Charkhi Dadri is a small but busy town with a good market. Both branded and non-branded goods are available for shopping. There are many temples worth seeing in Charkhi Dadri like Rest House temple, Hanuman Temple Keekar Vasni, Rangeela Hanuman Mandir, Baala Waala Johar, Devi Dhana and Shri Guru Nanak Satsang Sabha (Subhash Chowk).<ref>[https://sites.google.com/site/sgssckd/home Shri Guru Nanak Satsang Sabha (Subhash Chowk)]</ref>

Ranila, the village is at a distance of 22 km from Charkhi Dadri, having a 1008 Aadinath Jain temple. While travelling from Charkhi Dadri to Bhiwani by train, the first stoppage is Fatehgarh Haryana.

[[Imlota]], the village is at a distance of 20 km from Charkhi Dadri on Dadri-Delhi road, having Baba Mokarwala temple famous in locality.

Charkhi Dadri is connected by road and rail to [[Delhi]]. At a distance of 6 km from Charkhi Dadri, Kapoori ki Pahadi is a small hill known for its Shiva temple and [[Nath]] sect ashram.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://yogigorakshnath.org/piligrimage/|title=Pilgrimage|work=GORAKH NATHA SAMPRADAYA|access-date=2017-05-01|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Geeta Phogat]] - wrestler<ref>{{cite news|title=Dangal in Real Life: How Geeta Phogat Won the 2010 CWG Gold|url=http://www.news18.com/news/sports/dangal-in-real-life-how-geeta-phogat-won-the-2010-commonwealth-games-gold-1327674.html|work=News18|date=26 December 2016}}</ref>
* Master [[Hukam Singh (Haryana politician)|Hukam Singh]]<ref>http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/former-haryana-cm-hukum-singh-dead-115022601362_1.html</ref> Former CM of Haryana
* [[Babita Kumari]] Phogat- wrestler
* [[Vikas J. Bhatti]] - Author<ref>https://notionpress.com/author/vikasbhatti</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Bhiwani district topics}}

45037706

[[Category:Cities and towns in Charkhi Dadri district]]

Charkhi Dadri - Revision history

>InternetArchiveBot at 16:13, 30 June 2021