Bot at 18:04, 22 July 2021

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{{Short description|British Indian Army general}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
{{Infobox military person
| name = Sir Charles Brownlow
| image = Charles Brownlow.jpg
| caption = Field Marshal Sir Charles Brownlow c.1900
| birth_date ={{birth date|1831|12|12|df=y}}
| death_date ={{Death date and age|1916|04|05|1831|12|12|df=y}}
| placeofburial =
| birth_place = [[Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh|Sultanpur]], [[Bengal]]
| death_place = [[Warfield]], [[Berkshire]]
| nickname =
| allegiance = {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| branch = {{army|British India|23px}}
| serviceyears = 1847–1890
| rank = [[Field marshal (United Kingdom)|Field Marshal]]
| unit =
| commands = [[20th Duke of Cambridge's Own Infantry (Brownlow's Punjabis)|8th Regiment of Punjab Infantry]]
| battles = Hazara Campaign of 1853 Mohmand Campaign [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Mutiny]] [[Second Opium War]] [[Ambela Campaign]] Hazara Campaign of 1868 [[Lushai Expedition]]
| awards = [[Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]] [[Mentioned in Despatches]]
| relations =
| laterwork =
}}
[[Field marshal (United Kingdom)|Field Marshal]] '''Sir Charles Henry Brownlow''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|GCB}} (12 December 1831 – 5 April 1916) was a senior [[British Indian Army|Indian Army]] officer. He served on the [[Military history of the North-West Frontier|North West Frontier]] in the Hazara Campaign of 1853 and the campaign against the [[Mohmand]]s in 1854. At the start of the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Mutiny]], Brownlow was asked to raise an infantry regiment and formed the [[20th Duke of Cambridge's Own Infantry (Brownlow's Punjabis)|8th Punjab Infantry]] which he commanded during that campaign, the [[Second Opium War]], the [[Ambela Campaign]] and the Hazara Campaign of 1868. He commanded a column for the [[Lushai Expedition]] and then served as Assistant Military Secretary for India for ten years. After his retirement, as senior retired officer of the Indian Army, he was promoted to field marshal.

==Military career==
Born the son of George Arthur Brownlow and Cornelia Paulina Henrietta Brownlow (née Sandby),<ref name=shadow>{{cite web|url=http://shadowsoftime.co.nz/4ths/dragoonb/brownlow1.html|title=George Arthur Brownlow|publisher=Shadows of time|accessdate=3 August 2013}}</ref> Brownlow was [[Officer (armed forces)|commissioned]] into the [[Bengal Army]] on 20 December 1847.<ref name=heath59>Heathcote, p. 59</ref> He became [[Adjutant]] of the [[51st Sikhs (Frontier Force)|1st Sikh Infantry]], a unit formed to defend the [[Military history of the North-West Frontier|North West Frontier]], in 1851 and, having been promoted to [[lieutenant]] on 10 September 1852, he fought in the Hazara Campaign of 1853 and was mentioned in despatches.<ref name=heath59/> He also fought in the campaign against the [[Mohmand]]s in 1854 when he was wounded and again mentioned in despatches.<ref name=heath59/>
[[File:First Shell Fired At Howsatta's Village - ILN 1889.jpg|thumb|left|The Lushai Expedition, for which Brownlow commanded the Right (or Chittagong) Column in 1871]]
In 1857, in response to the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Mutiny]], Brownlow was asked to raise an infantry regiment and formed the [[20th Duke of Cambridge's Own Infantry (Brownlow's Punjabis)|8th Punjab Infantry]].<ref name=heath59/> During the fighting he remained on the front line in command of his regiment.<ref name=heath60>Heathcote, p. 60</ref> After taking part in the Yusafzai expedition, like other officers at the time, he obtained a commission in the [[British Indian Army]] in August 1858.<ref name=heath60/> Promoted to [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|captain]] on 3 November 1858, he was present at the [[Battle of Taku Forts (1860)|Battle of the Taku Forts]] in August 1860 and the subsequent occupation of [[Beijing|Peking]] during the [[Second Opium War]].<ref name=heath60/> He joined the Bengal Staff Corps in January 1861 and, following promotion to brevet [[major]] on 15 February 1861,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=22480|page=655|date=15 February 1861}}</ref> he led his regiment at the Battle of Crag Piquet in November 1863<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=22835|page=1686|date=19 March 1864}}</ref> during the [[Ambela Campaign]].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=22835|page=1684|date=19 March 1864}}</ref> He was appointed a [[Order of the Bath|Companion of the Order of the Bath]] on 5 August 1864.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=22882|page=3873|date=5 August 1864}}</ref>

Promoted to brevet [[lieutenant colonel]] on 5 August 1864 and substantive major on 20 December 1867,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=23392|page=3528|date=23 June 1868}}</ref> Brownlow commanded his regiment during the Hazara Campaign in 1868.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=23507|page=3392|date=15 June 1869}}</ref> Promoted to [[colonel]] on 11 August 1869<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=23524|page=4441|date=10 August 1869}}</ref> and appointed [[aide-de-camp]] to [[Queen Victoria|the Queen]] on 30 October 1869,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=23550|page=5801|date=29 October 1869}}</ref> he commanded the Right (or [[Chittagong]]) Column for the [[Lushai Expedition]] in 1871.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=23869|page=2845|date=21 June 1872}}</ref> After being given command of a brigade at [[Rawalpindi]], he was advanced to [[Order of the Bath|Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath]] on 10 September 1872.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=23895|page=3969|date=10 September 1872}}</ref> He returned to [[England]] in 1877 and became Assistant Military Secretary for India in 1879.<ref name=heath60/> He was promoted to [[major-general]] on 1 July 1881,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=25034|page=5402|date=4 November 1881}}</ref> promoted to [[lieutenant-general]] on 7 September 1884<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=25397|page=4169|date=19 September 1884}}</ref> and advanced to [[Order of the Bath|Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]] 5 January 1888.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=25773|page=214|date=5 January 1888}}</ref> He was promoted again to full [[general]] on 22 January 1889 before retiring in 1890.<ref name=heath60/>

Brownlow became colonel of the [[20th Duke of Cambridge's Own Infantry (Brownlow's Punjabis)]] in May 1904 and, as senior retired officer of the Indian Army, he was promoted to [[Field marshal (United Kingdom)|field marshal]] on 20 June 1908.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=28149|page=4476|date=19 June 1908}}</ref> He lived at [[Warfield Hall]] at [[Warfield]] in [[Berkshire]]; he died there on 5 April 1916 and was buried at St Michael the Archangel Churchyard in Warfield.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/648737 |title=Brownlow, Sir Charles Henry|publisher=Commonwealth War Graves Commission entry|accessdate=3 August 2013}}</ref>

==Family==
In 1890 he married Georgiana King; they had no children.<ref name=heath60/>

==See also==
*[[Brownlow KI, South Australia]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{cite book| first=Tony| last=Heathcote|title=The British Field Marshals 1736–1997| publisher=Pen & Sword| location=Barnsley (UK)| year=1999| isbn=0-85052-696-5}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brownlow, Charles Henry}}
[[Category:British field marshals]]
[[Category:1831 births]]
[[Category:1916 deaths]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Indian Rebellion of 1857]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of the Second Opium War]]
[[Category:British Indian Army generals]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:People from Warfield]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Lushai Expedition]]

Charles Henry Brownlow - Revision history

Bot at 18:04, 22 July 2021