>Venkat TL at 11:27, 9 October 2021

2021-10-09T11:27:49Z

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{{Short description|Town and a Taluk headquarter in Tiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chengam
| native_name = sezhunganiyur
| native_name_lang = Tamil
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Selection Grade Town panchayat
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Tamil Nadu
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu, India
| coordinates = {{coord|12.3|N|78.8|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tiruvannamalai district|Tiruvannamalai]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 272
| population_total = 54278
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 606 701
| registration_plate = TN 25
| website = www.chengam.in
| official_name =
}}
'''Chengam''' or ''Chengamma''<ref>{{Cite book|title=Imperial Gazetter of India|volume=21|pages=396}}</ref> as on British records, is an important market town and a taluk headquarter<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tahsildar Chengam {{!}} Tiruvannamalai District, Govt. of Tamil Nadu {{!}} India|url=https://tiruvannamalai.nic.in/directory/tahsildar-chengam/|access-date=2021-08-04|language=en-US}}</ref> in the Foot hills of Eastern ghats<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jawadhu Hills {{!}} Tiruvannamalai District, Govt. of Tamil Nadu {{!}} India|url=https://tiruvannamalai.nic.in/tourist-place/jawadhu-hills/|access-date=2021-08-04|language=en-US}}</ref> in [[Tiruvanamalai district|Tiruvannamalai district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. Chengam is the gateway to the Chengam pass<ref>{{Cite book|title=Imperial Gazetter of India|volume=5|pages=420}}</ref> in the Eastern ghats between Javvadhu hills to the north and Chennakesava hills to the south. The town is also the center for various industrial activities which includes Sathanur dam hydro-electric project,<ref>{{Cite web|title=TamilNadu Generation and distribution corporation limited|url=https://www.tangedco.gov.in/linkpdf/Data%20card%20dt%2030-05-17%20.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Aavin milk processing plant<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tiruvannamalai PP - Tamilnadu Co-operative Milk Producers’ Federation Limited (TCMPF)|url=https://aavinmilk.com/tiruvannamalai-pp|access-date=2021-08-04|website=aavinmilk.com}}</ref> and Periya Kolappadi SIDCO estate.<ref>{{Cite web|title=அதிகரிக்கும் முதலீடு... பெருகும் தொழில்வளம்..!|url=https://www.polimernews.com/amp/news-article.php|access-date=2021-08-04|website=Polimer News}}</ref>

== History ==
{{Unreferenced-section|date=September 2020}}
The book Malaipadukadam in the Sangakkala literature mentions that Nannansei Nannan was a short-lived king who ruled from the Palkunrakottam hill with his capital as his capital. Many rare historical sources such as inscriptions and archeological finds have been found to prove this. Researchers also say that Nannan-ruled Navira Hill now refers to the Savvadu Hills and some to the mountains near the sea.

Initially Chengam was an assembly constituency (SC) of [[Tiruppattur (Lok Sabha constituency)]]. In 2009 it became a part of the [[Tiruvannamalai (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tiruvannamalai Lok Sabha constituency]].

== Geography ==
Chengam is located at {{Coord|12.3|N|78.8|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/25/Chengam.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Chengam]</ref> It has an average elevation of 272 metres (892 feet). Chengam Municipality is located on the Pondicherry – Thiruvannamalai – Bangalore route, at a distance of 34 km from Thiruvannamalai .

== Demographics ==
{{bar box|title=Linguistic census|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Linguistic groups|right1=Percent(%)|float=left|bars={{bar percent|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]|Red|87.64}}{{bar percent|[[Urdu]]|Green|7.79}}{{bar percent|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]|Purple|4.01}}{{bar percent|[[Creole language|Creole]]|Blue|0.4}}{{bar percent|[[Malay language|Malay]]|grey|0.13}}{{bar percent|Other|violet|0.01}}}}
{{Historical populations
|align = right
|state=
|1901|3867
|1921|6305
|1931|9457
|1941|11678
|1951|14912
|1961|17441
|1981|23462
|1991|31196
|2001|41037
|2011|54278
|footnote=Sources:<br/>
* 1951 – 2001<ref>{{cite web|title=Population Details|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/thiruvannamalai/sal_population.htm|publisher=Tiruvannamalai municipality|year=2011|accessdate=2012-12-29|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227113738/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/thiruvannamalai/sal_population.htm|archivedate=2014-02-27}}</ref>
* 2011<ref name=2011census>{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Salem(05740)|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=684822|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|accessdate=26 January 2014}}</ref>
}}
Chengam is a municipality in [[Tiruvannamalai district]]. {{As of |2011}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Chengam had a population of 54,278 and an average literacy rate of 79.3%. Child population below 6 was 2,210 males and 2,479 females.
Chengam has 142,845 people employed; 84,623 are male and 58,222 are female with an employment ratio of 50%. Chengam is 5th in Tiruvannamalai district and ranked 69th in Tamil Nadu. The literacy ratio is 68% with 170,277 total literate people. In terms of literacy, Chengam is ranked 6th in Tiruvannamalai district and 230th in Tamil Nadu.

==Politics==
It is a part of the [[Tiruvannamalai (Lok Sabha constituency)]] since 2009.

==Culture==
{{Unreferenced-section|date=September 2020}}
[[File:Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple.jpg|thumb|Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple festival annually in May in makakaruta waxing service with great karutacevai kotierrat festival will be held in 10 days]]

[[File:Chengam Sri Venukopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple festival annually 10days in May.jpg|thumb|]]

Chengam Sri VenuGopala Parthasarathy Perumal Temple is more than 700 years old.{{Citation needed|date=October 2021}} Its architecture and layout is a model for [[Annamalaiyar Temple]]. For this festival the temple is decorated with colored lights, fireworks, naiyantimelam, karakattam (dance). Preparations are made for the show by the festival committee and sponsors.

==Roadways==
{{Unreferenced-section|date=September 2020}}
Chengam lies on the mid-way of NH66 plying from [[Bangalore]] to [[Pondicherry|Puducherry]] via Thiruvannamalai. It is separated from [[Thiruvannamalai]] at a distance of 35 km. It is well connected with major nearby Metro City Is [[Vellore]] City. Major towns like [[Arani, Tiruvannamalai District|Arani]] , [[Polur]], [[Thiruvannamalai]], [[Singarapettai]], [[Pudupalayam]], [[Sathanur Dam]], Thandarampattu and [[Uthangarai]]. Frequent buses ply from Chengam to [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]], [[Dharmapuri]], [[Bangalore]], [[Hosur]], [[Krishnagiri]], [[Tiruppattur, Tirupattur district|Tirupattur]], [[Vellore]], [[Chennai]], [[Polur]], [[Uthangarai]], [[Hogenakkal (village)|Hogenakkal]], [[Pondicherry]], [[Thiruvannamalai]], [[Kallakurichi]], [[Vizhuppuram]] and [[Chidambaram]].

Local town buses ply to [[Sathanur Dam]], Kadaladi, Kanchi, Polur, Pudupalayam, Singarapettai, Neepathurai, Mel ravanthavadi, Thaazhaiyoothu, Thandarampattu, Pachal and many other villages.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Tiruvannamalai district]]

Chengam - Revision history

>Venkat TL at 11:27, 9 October 2021