>Dev0745 at 05:22, 26 September 2021

2021-09-26T05:22:09Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{more citations needed|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox ethnic group|
|group= Chik Baraik
|poptime =
|popplace = [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Odisha]], [[West Bengal]], [[Assam]]
|langs = [[Sadri language|Nagpuri]], [[Hindi]]
|rels= [[Hinduism]], [[Ethnic religion]]
|related=
}}

'''Chik Baraik''' (also '''Chik''', '''Baraik''' and '''Badaik''') is a community found in Indian State of [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Odisha]]. They were traditionally [[Weaving|Weaver]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TZOvYPBrxl0C&pg=PA247|title=Contemporary Society: Developmental issues, transition, and change|website=books.google.com|isbn=9788170226420|last1=Pfeffer|first1=Georg|last2=Behera|first2=Deepak Kumar|year=1997}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W5dVaq4_cLoC&pg=PA67|title=Encyclopaedia of Scheduled Tribes in Jharkhand|website=books.google.com|isbn=9788178351216|last1=Minz|first1=Diwakar|last2=Hansda|first2=Delo Mai|year=2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1nYMAQAAMAAJ|title=People of India|website=books.google.com|isbn=9788170463009|last1=Singh|first1=Kumar Suresh|year=1992}}</ref>

==Etymology==
"Chik" means cloth in [[Prakrit]]. Due to participation in battle by many weaver they were given title of "Baraik" by the Kings which signifies "great".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.southasiabibliography.de/uploads/cikbaraik.htm|title=Chik Baraik|website=southasiabibliography.de}}{{Dead link|date=November 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

== History==
Chik baraik are the weaver caste scattered throughout southern and western part of [[Chota Nagpur plateau]]. They make traditional dress like [[Dhoti]], [[Sari]], Karia. Cultivation is their secondary source of earning. They also used to be soldiers and Palace guards during reign of [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur|Nagvanshi dynasty]].<ref name="sahapedia">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/laala-paada-jhaarakhanda-kae-caika-badaaika-adaivaasaiyaon-kai-vasatara-kalaa-0#_edn3|title=लाल पाड़ : झारखंड के चिक बड़ाईक आदिवासियों की वस्त्र कला|website=sahapedia|date=19 June 2019|access-date=6 June 2021}}</ref> It is believed that they originated from a scare crow of Lord Shiva.

Anthropologist Edward Tuite Dalton(1872) stated that they are remnants of [[Aryan]] or [[hindu]] rather than [[Dravidian peoples|Dravidian]] or [[Kolarian]]. They not follow Hindu restrictions on foods but worship Hindu god and Goddess. They have no different culture to mark them different from hindus. In first [[Census of India]] during [[British Raj]] in 1872, Chik-Baraik were annexed in tribe list as semi-hindu [[indigenous people|aboriginal]]. In 1891 Census, [[Herbert Hope Risley]](1891) has categorised Chik-Baraik as sub-caste of weaving caste [[Pano (caste)|Pans]] (Weaving Caste in Odisha). According to Risley in North Odisha, South and West Chotanagpur reside various weaver caste known by different names in different places such by Pamoa, Pan, Pab, [[Panika]], Chik, Chik-Baraik, Baraik, [[Ganda (caste)|Ganda]], Swansi, Mahato, [[Tanti]] etc. According to him their origin is now difficult to trace but they have various totemic clans such as Bhainsa (Buffalo), Kachhuwa (Turtle), Nag (Corba), Raja Kauwa (Crow), Mayur (Peacock), different types of dear, Wild berry etc. which connects them to Dravidian.<ref name="sahapedia"/> Most Anthropologist conclude that Chik-Baraik are descendants of some Aryan weaving castes who settled in Chotanagpur at an early date.<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto1"/>

==Present circumstances==
They practice group endogamy and [[clan]] exogamy. There are several Vansh or clans among Chik-Baraik which are taken from various animals, objects and places includes Baunkra ([[Heron]]), Boda ([[Russell's viper]]), [[Chand (name)|Chand]] (moon), Jamakiar, Kanjyasuri, Kothi, Kouwa (Crow), Loha (Iron), Mahanandia, Malua, Masath, Naurangi, Parwar, Rajhans ([[Hamsa (bird)|Hamsa]]), Singhi ([[Heteropneustes fossilis|Asian stinging catfish]]) etc.

The traditional occupation of Chik Baraik is making clothes such as Dhoti, Sari, Gamcha etc. In modern times, cheap and attractive clothes are overfloded in market. Too much depend on modern colth have crippled traditional arts of weaving. Though Chik-Baraik woven cloth is coarse and relatively unattractive than modern cloths yet it enjoys seasonal demands for its ceremonial and ritual value.<ref name="auto"/>

==Culture==
Chik Baraik speak [[Sadri language|Nagpuri]] an Indo-Aryan language.
Their deities are Devi Mai, Surjahi (Sun) and Bar Pahari (hill deity). They also worship moon, earth and other deities. Snake is also worshiped as ancestor of the caste. Birth pollution observed for six days. They cremate or bury the dead and observe death pollution for ten days. Their traditional festivals are Asari, Nawakhani, [[Karam (festival)|Karam]], [[Jivitputrika|Jitia]], [[Sohrai]], [[Holi|Fagun]] etc. Their folk dance are [[Jhumair]], [[Domkach]], Fagua etc.<ref name="auto1"/>

==Official classification==
The Chik Baraik are included in [[Scheduled Tribe]] in Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf |page=12 |title=List of notified Scheduled Tribes |publisher=Census India |access-date=15 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107225208/http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf |archive-date=7 November 2013 }}</ref> They are known as Chikwa in Chhattisgarh, Badaik in Odisha and included in [[Scheduled Caste]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgsccommission.com/castelist_en.php|title=THE THIRD SCHEDULE|website=cgsccommission.com}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://chikbaraik.org/CB_Intro.html Chik Baraik Welfare Society (CBWS), Delhi]

{{Scheduled tribes of India}}
{{Scheduled tribes of West Bengal}}

[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of India]]
[[Category:Social groups of Bihar]]
[[Category:Social groups of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Social groups of Jharkhand]]

Chik Baraik - Revision history

>Dev0745 at 05:22, 26 September 2021