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{{Short description|State of Myanmar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{More citations needed|date=September 2015}}
{{Cleanup|date=August 2010}}
{{Update|date=September 2022}}
}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chin State
| native_name = {{nobold|{{my|ချင်းပြည်နယ်}}}}
| native_name_lang = my
| settlement_type = [[Administrative divisions of Burma|State]]
| translit_lang1 = [[MLC Transcription System|Myanma]]
| translit_lang1_type = [[Burmese language|Burmese]]
| translit_lang1_info = {{lang|my-Latn|hkyang: pranynai}}
| image_skyline = Chin village ferry.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_flag = Flag of Chin State.svg
| flag_alt =
| nickname =
| motto =
| image_map = Chin State in Myanmar.svg
| mapsize = 200px
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Chin State in Myanmar
| pushpin_map = 
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|22|0|N|93|30|E|region:MM_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Myanmar}}
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_name1 = Western Myanmar
| established_title =
| established_date =
| seat_type = Capital
| seat = [[Hakha]]
| government_footnotes =
| leader_party =
| leader_title = [[Chief Ministers of States and Regions of Myanmar|Chief Minister]]
| leader_name = Ngun San Aung
| leader_title1 = Cabinet
| leader_name1 = [[Chin State Government]]
| leader_title3 = Judiciary
| leader_name3 = Chin State High Court
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name=cp>{{cite web | url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Myanmar.html | title=Union of Myanmar | access-date=10 April 2009 | publisher=City Population}}</ref>
| area_total_km2 = 36018.8
| area_rank = [[Administrative divisions of Myanmar#Administrative divisions|9th]]
| area_note =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_max_m = 3070
| elevation_max_point = [[Nat Ma Taung]]
| population_total = 478,801
| population_as_of = 2014
| population_footnotes = <ref name="census-2014">{{cite book|title=Census Report|publisher=Ministry of Immigration and Population|location=Naypyitaw|date=May 2015|series=The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census|volume=2|pages=17|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B067GBtstE5TeUlIVjRjSjVzWlk/view}}</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank = [[Administrative divisions of Myanmar#Administrative divisions|14th]]
| population_demonym =
| population_note =
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_footnotes = 
| demographics1_title1 = Ethnicities
| timezone1 = [[Myanmar Standard Time|MST]]
| utc_offset1 = +06:30
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code =
| area_code_type =
| iso_code =
| website = 
| footnotes =
| leader_title2 = Legislature
| leader_name2 = [[Chin State Hluttaw]]
| demographics1_info1 = [[Chin people|Chin]] ([[Zo people|Zo]])
| demographics1_title2 = Religions
| demographics1_info2 = [[Christianity]] 85.4% [[Buddhism]] 13.0% [[Pau Cin Hau|Laipian]] 1.1% [[Animism]] 0.4% [[Hinduism]] 0.1%
| blank_name_sec2 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2015)
| blank_info_sec2 = 0.556<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=13 September 2018}}</ref> {{color|#FFA500|medium}} · [[List of administrative divisions of Myanmar by Human Development Index|7th]]
}}
{{Contains special characters|Burmese}}
'''Chin State''' ({{MYname|MY=ချင်းပြည်နယ်|MLCTS=hkyang: pranynai}}, {{IPA-my|tɕʰɪ́ɰ̃ pjìnɛ̀|pron}}) is a [[Administrative divisions of Burma|state]] in western [[Myanmar]]. Chin State is bordered by [[Sagaing Division]] and [[Magway Division]] to the east, [[Rakhine State]] to the south, the [[Chittagong Division]] of [[Bangladesh]] to the west, and the [[India]]n states of [[Mizoram]] to the west and [[Manipur]] to the north. The population of Chin State is about 478,801 according to the 2014 census.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://themimu.info/Census_2014_SR_dashboard|title=Census Population Dashboard {{!}} MIMU|website=themimu.info|access-date=29 February 2020}}</ref> The capital of the state is [[Hakha]]. The state is a mountainous region with few transportation links. Chin State is sparsely populated and remains one of the least developed areas of the country. Chin State has the highest poverty rate of 73% as per the released figures from the first official survey.<ref name=burmaemploy>{{Cite news| title = 37% jobless in Myanmar, study finds|publisher=Investvine.com|date=26 January 2013|url=http://investvine.com/37-jobless-in-myanmar-study-finds/|access-date=18 November 2017}}</ref> The official radio broadcasting dialect of Chin is [[Falam language|Falam]]. There are 53 different subtribes and languages in Chin State. There are nine townships in Chin State: [[Hakha]], [[Thantlang]], [[Falam]], [[Tedim]], [[Tonzang]], [[Matupi, Myanmar|Matupi]], [[Mindat, Chin State|Mindat]], [[Kanpetlet]] and [[Paletwa]] townships. In 1896, Mindat and Kanpetlet were placed under [[British rule in Burma#Administrative divisions|Pakokku Hill Tracts District]] of [[British Burma]] later emerged into Chin Hills. Only [[Paletwa Township]] became a part of Arakan Hill Tracts of British Burma.

==History==

===Early history===
The [[Chin people]] entered the [[Chin Hills]] in the first millennium 1200 AD as part of the wider migration of Chin peoples into the area. For much of history, the sparsely populated Chin Hills were ruled by local chiefs.

Some historians (Arthur Phayre, Tun Nyein) put Pateikkaya in eastern Bengal, thus wrongly placing the entire Chin Hills under Pagan suzerainty but others, like Harvey, citing stone inscriptions, properly put it near the eastern Chin Hills.<ref name=geh-326>{{cite book|author=GE Harvey|title=History of Burma|page=326|chapter=Notes on Pateikkaya and Macchagiri|year=1925|publisher=Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.|location=London}}</ref> (Burmese Chronicles report the kings of Pateikkaya as Indian though the ethnicity of the subjects is not explicitly cited.) Accordingly, since the first human settlement in the region later called Chin Hills as early as 10 century CE, no other external military conquest nor tributary influence was noticed either in oral traditions or other historical inscriptions but the rule and leadership of local native chiefs as listed above until the British advancement in the late 19th century.

===Feudal era===
[[File:Map_of_Taungoo_Empire_(1580).png|thumb]]
The first confirmed political entity in the region was the [[Shan States|Shan State]] of [[Kalay|Kale]] (Kalay), founded by the [[Shan people]] who came to dominate Kale-Kabaw valley of the northwestern-to-eastern arc of Burma after the fall of the [[Pagan Kingdom]] in 1287. Kale was a minor Shan state. The minor state occasionally paid tribute to the larger Shan States of [[Mohnyin]] and [[Mogaung]] and ultimately became a vassal state of the Burmese [[Ava Kingdom]] in the 1370s. Starting in the 1480s, Ava began to disintegrate and Kale was swallowed up by the Shan State of Mohnyin by the 1520s. Three of the Saopha sons (Thein Kheing/Thuan Khai(Ancestor of Hlythi/Hlawncheu, Hauhulh and Zahao/Zahau), Phra Lung/Phurh hlum (Ancestor of Zanniat/Nuhma/Nohro(Sumthang,Syuhlo,Hlosa/Hluansang{Chozah/Cheizah/Chinzah, Zawtha/Zawthang/Zathang, Hlychho/Hlawnchhing, Khule/Khuhhly/Khenglawt, Hluansang, Hlikhai} and Notlia/Nuhnu/Nutlai), and Ral Thang{Mi-E, Thawr, Lente, Bawithang, Sailung}) fled to the Chin hills around 1400 where their descendants ruled the petty chiefdoms all over Falam, Hakha, and parts of Paletwa and Mindat district along with various villages in the hill range of Bangladesh (Chittagong Hill Tracts and India(Mizoram) as well some villages in Rakhaing State.

The Burmese kingdoms between 1555 and 1559 when King [[Bayinnaung]] of the [[Toungoo Dynasty]] conquered part of Upper Burma and its surrounding regions, stretching from the eastern and northern Shan states to the western Magway Division and plain region in [[Manipur]].<ref name=mha>{{cite book|title=A History of Burma|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofburma00htin|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofburma00htin/page/117 117]|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=New York and London|year=1967|author=Maung Htin Aung|author-link=Htin Aung}}</ref> Toungoo began to weaken in the late 17th century. By the 1730s, a resurgent Manipuri Kingdom had conquered the [[Kabaw Valley]], which is at the eastern front of Chin Hills, from the Burmese. Situated in a far west hilly region, however, Chin Hills was traditionally autonomous and far for successional Burman kingdoms to reach. Until British colonial rule, independent city-states such as [[Ciimnuai]] (Chinwe/Chin Nwe) later shifted to [[Tedim]] and [[Vangteh]] in the north, Tlaisun and Rallang in the mid-land, and [[Hakha]], Thantlang and Zokhua in the south played important political role in securing peace of the region, and each city-state practised its own independent sovereignty in their own rights.

===Colonial era===
The British acquired the Chin Hills a decade after the [[Third Anglo-Burmese War]] of 1885. [[United States|American]] missionaries began arriving in the 1890s and, by the middle of the 20th century, most of the [[Chin people]] had converted to [[Christianity]]. The ensuing Chin resistance to the British was suppressed only by 1896 with the arrest of [[Khai Kam|Khai Kam Thuantak]] of Siyin area.In 1896,it became a part of [[Pakokku]] Hill Tracts Districts of [[British Burma]] until 1948,January 4. The administered the Chin Hills as part of [[Pakokku District]].
The region was the westernmost advance of the [[Imperial Japanese Army]], which occupied the region in November 1943, in [[World War II]]. After the war, Chin state leaders headed by Vawmthu Moung, with [[Bamar|Burman]], [[Shan people|Shan]] and [[Kachin people|Kachin]] leaders, participated in the [[Panglong Conference]] which discussed the future of an independent Union of Burma. Because of the region's heavy economic dependence on Burma, Chin leaders, unlike Shan and Kachin leaders, asked only for a "special administrative division", not a full-fledged state. As a result, when the 1947 [[Constitution of Burma]] granted the right of secession to states after 10 years after the independence, the Chin people did not get a state (no right to secede). (The [[Karen people|Karen]], who did not participate in the conference, received a state, with the right to secede). Until 1974, three townships of today Chin State (Mindat,Kanpetlet and Matupi townships) were part of Pakokku Hill Tracts of [[Pakokku District]] and then, it became a part of Chin State Until now.

===Post-Burmese independence===
Upon [[Burma]]'s independence from the United Kingdom in 1948, '''Chin Hills Special Division''' was created out of the Chin Hills, with its capital [[Falam, Burma|Falam]] at that time. Afterwards, Hakha became the capital. However, three townships of modern Chin State ([[Mindat Township|Mindat]], [[Kanpetlet Township|Kanpetlet]] and [[Matupi Township|Matupi]]) were part of the Pakokku Hill Tracts of [[Pakokku District]] and [[Paletwa Township]] of the Arakan Hill Tracts, until 4 January 1974. On 4 January 1974, the Chin Hills Special Division was granted state status and became Chin State.<ref name=md>{{cite web|url=http://www.statoids.com/umm.html|title=Myanmar Divisions|access-date=18 November 2017|publisher=Statoids}}</ref> Today, Chin State has little infrastructure and remains extremely poor and undeveloped.

"Chin National Day" is designated on 20 February to commemorate the "General Assembly of Chinland" held in 1948.<ref>{{cite web|title=Celebration Of 65th Chin National Day|url=http://unpo.org/article/15528|publisher=Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization|date=20 February 2013|access-date=18 November 2017}}</ref> The first celebration of Chin National Day was held in 1951, but it was not well recognized by Myanmar governments until the 2010s.<ref>{{cite web|last=Cung|first=Zing|title=Chin Identity and Chin National Day|url=http://www.norwaychin.no/?p=57|publisher=Chin Community in Norway|access-date=18 November 2017}}</ref>

[[Chin National Front]] proposed to designate 3 January as "Chin State Day".<ref>{{cite web|last=Mann|first=Zarni|title=Chin National Day Set to Become State Holiday|url=http://www.irrawaddy.org/burma/chin-national-day-set-to-become-state-holiday.html|publisher=The Irrawaddy|date=11 December 2012|access-date=18 November 2017}}</ref>

==Administrative divisions==
[[File:Chin state district map.svg|thumb|Districts of Chin State]]
To more easily convince the Chin people within the declaration of emergency rule by the Burma government, Chin State divided to two districts in the north (Hakha District and Falam District) and two in the south (Mindat and Matupi District) and was further subdivided into nine townships and three subtownships. [[Falam]] had been the district capital since the British colonization. After the military coup in 1962, the junta in the 1974 reorganization shifted the state capital to Hakha.

The township borders have been adjusted, most recently in a reorganization of Falam District in 2008. Falam Township lost area in its northeast to Tedim Township but gained territory from Tedim in the northwest, extending northward as far as the developing town of [[Rihkhawdar]] on the Indian border. In the reorganization, Falam lost a small area in its southwest back to [[Thantlang Township]] from which it had recently been shifted.

===Districts and Townships===
* [[Tedim District]] of Northern Chin State
** [[Tedim Township]]
** [[Tonzang Township]]
** [[Cikha]] Subttownship
** [[KhaiKam Town|Khaikam Town]]
* [[Falam District]] Central Chin State
** [[Falam Township]]
** [[Rihkhawdar]] Town
** [[Webula]] Town
* [[Hakha District]] of Central Chin State
** [[Hakha Township]]
** Surkhua Town
** [[Thantlang Township]]
** Hnaring Town
* [[Matupi District]] of Central and Southwestern Chin State
** [[Matupi Township]]
** [[Rezua]] Subtownship
** Lailenpi Town
** [[Paletwa Township]]
** Samee Subtownship
* [[Mindat District]] of Southeastern Chin State
** [[Mindat Township]]
** Makui Innu Town
** [[Kanpetlet Township]]

[[Hakha District]] was formed by the first Chin State Hluttaw emergency meeting No. 2/2012 on 1 June.<ref>http://www.mrtv3.net.mm/newpaper/46newsn.pdf {{dead link|date=August 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}} Page 16, Col 1.</ref> [[Matupi District]] was formed by the second [[Pyidaungsu Hluttaw]] regular meeting on 28 June 2017.<ref>{{citation|url=https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=0B2-BapXMfMvnUUtpUktlQnVPSXM|title=Second Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, fifth regular meeting record|publisher=[[Pyidaungsu Hluttaw]]|page=420|language=my}}</ref><ref>Rezua</ref>

===Cities and towns===
* [[Cikha]], subtownship in the north
* [[Falam]], northern Chin State (Falam District)
* [[Hakha]], capital of Chin State (Hakha District)
* [[Kanpetlet]]
* Lailenpi, subtownship in west south
* [[Matupi, Myanmar|Matupi]], southern capital town.(Matupi District)
* [[Mindat, Chin State|Mindat]], southern Chin State
* [[Paletwa]], southern Chin State
* [[Rezua]], Rezua Subtownship
* [[Rihkhawdar]], subtownship in the north
* [[Sami, Paletwa|Sami]], subtownship in south
* [[Tedim]], Tedim Township
* [[Thantlang]], Thantlang Township
* [[Tonzang]], Tonzang Township
* [[Webula]], Webula town
* Hnaring, Hnaring town
* Surkhua, Surkhua town
* Makui innu, Makui Innu town
* Khaikam, Khaikam subtownship in east
*Zophei Township

==Government==

===Executive===
{{main|Chin State Government}}

===Legislature===
{{main|Chin State Hluttaw}}

===Judiciary===
{{main|Chin State High Court}}{{expand section|date=July 2015}}

==Geography==
[[File:Hiang Ziing Village, Chin State, Myanmar.jpg|right|thumb|Hiang Ziing Village, [[Tedim Township]], Chin State]]
Khonumtung ([[Nat Ma Taung|Mount Victoria]]), {{convert|10500|ft|m}} high, is the highest peak in Chin State.

Many natural watercourses flow among mountain ranges running from north to south forming valleys and gorges. The state has many rivers and the [[Manipur River]] flows through its northern half. The [[Tio River]] forms much of the border with India for the northern half of the state. The Bawinu/Beino/[[Chhimtuipui]] River, as the [[Kaladan River]] is known upstream from its confluence with the Tiau, forms the border with India for the central portion of the state. In the southwestern part of the state, the Kaladan River enters from India and flows down past Sinletwa/Salyutlana and [[Paletwa]] and exits into [[Rakhine State]]. The longest waterfall in Chin state is the Bungtla Waterfall near [[Matupi, Myanmar|Matupi]].

==Population==
===Demographics===
{{see also|Kuki-Chin languages}}
{{Historical populations
|footnote =
|source = 2014 Myanmar Census<ref name="census-2014">{{cite book|title=Census Report|publisher=Ministry of Immigration and Population|location=Naypyitaw|date=May 2015|series=The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census|volume=2|pages=17|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B067GBtstE5TeUlIVjRjSjVzWlk/view}}</ref>
|1973|323295
|1983|368949
|2014|478801
}}
The people of Chin state are made up of many tribes which, though historically related, now speak divergent languages and have different cultural and historical identities. Some consider the name Chin an [[exonym]], given by the Burmese and of unclear origin. There are different languages or ethnic groups in Chin State: Kcho, Laimi, Matu, [[Zomi]], Mizo, Asho, Mara, Khumi, and Daai.

===Religion===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in Chin (2014)<ref name="TUR">{{cite book | url=https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B067GBtstE5TSl9FNElRRGtvMUk | title=The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census Census Report Volume 2-C | publisher=Department of Population Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population MYANMAR | author=Department of Population Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population MYANMAR | date=July 2016 | pages=12–15}}</ref>
|title =
|label1 = Christianity
|value1 = 85.4
|color1 = DodgerBlue
|label2 = Buddhism
|value2 = 13
|color2 = Yellow
|label3 = Tribal religion
|value3 = 0.4
|color3 = GreenYellow
|label4 = Hinduism
|value4 = 0.1
|color4 = Darkorange
|label5 = Other religion
|value5 = 1.1
|color5 = DeepPink
}}According to the [[2014 Myanmar Census]], [[Christianity|Christians]], who make up 85.4% of Chin State’s population, form the largest religious community there.<ref name="TUR2">{{cite book|author=|url=https://www.dop.gov.mm/sites/dop.gov.mm/files/publication_docs/union_2-c_religion_en_0.pdf|title=The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census Census Report Volume 2-C|publisher=Department of Population Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population|date=July 2016|pages=12–15}}</ref> Minority religious communities include [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] (13%), [[Islam|Muslims]] (0.1%), [[Hinduism|Hindus]] (0.1%), and [[Animism|animists]] (0.4%), including adherents of [[Pau Cin Hau]], who collectively comprise the remainder of Chin State’s population.<ref name="TUR2" /> 1.1% of the population listed no religion, other religions, or were otherwise not enumerated.<ref name="TUR2" /> Chin State is the only state in Myanmar with a majority Christian population.<ref>{{cite news|date=29 December 2012|title=Laipian Pa Ni kibawl|work=ZomiDaily|publisher=[[archive.is]]|url=http://www.zomidaily.com/news/zomi-news/14750-laipian-pa-ni-kibawl|url-status=dead|access-date=18 November 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121231181802/http://www.zomidaily.com/news/zomi-news/14750-laipian-pa-ni-kibawl|archive-date=31 December 2012}}</ref>

According to the [[State Sangha Maha Nayaka Committee]]’s 2016 statistics, 457 Buddhist monks were registered in Chin State, comprising 0.1% of Myanmar's total [[Sangha]] membership, which includes both novice [[samanera]] and fully-ordained bhikkhu.<ref name="mahana">{{Cite web|date=2016|title=The Account of Wazo Monks and Nuns in 1377 (2016 year)|url=http://www.mahana.org.mm/en/religious-affairs/the-account-of-wazo-monks-and-nuns-in-1377-2016-year/|access-date=19 January 2021|website=[[State Sangha Maha Nayaka Committee]]|language=en-US}}</ref> All monks in Chin State belong to the [[Thudhamma Nikaya]] (100%).<ref name="mahana" /> 43 [[thilashin]] were registered in Chin State, comprising 0.1% of Myanmar’s total thilashin community.<ref name="mahana" />

==Transport==
The government has been building many new miles of roads in the mountainous region. Earth roads have been upgraded into metaled ones and metaled roads to bituminous facilities. The {{convert|115|mi|km|adj=on}} Kalay-Falam-Haka road is already completed. Bituminous roads include
*70 miles and four furlong Gangaw-Haka Road
*102 miles Pakokku-Mindat-Matupi-Rezua Road
*172 miles and seven furlong Haka-Rezua-Matupi Road
*115 miles and one furlong Kalay-Falam-Haka Road
*53 miles long Haka-Hmandaw Road is under construction and almost completed by the donation of Chin (Laimi peoples) communities around the world.
*Kyaukhtu-Mindat road linking Chin State and Magway Division have been built.

[[File:Gangaw-Hakha Road.jpg|right|thumb| Gangaw-Hakha Road at the border between [[Magwe Region]] and Chin State ]]

ASEAN Highway crosses through the center of Chinland settling areas of Madalay-Kalay-Tamu-Lamka/Behiang.

The sector-wise upgrading of the gateways to Chin State
Mandalay-Sagaing-Monywa-Gangaw-Haka road
and
Pakokku-Pauk-Tabyin-Kyaukhtu-Mindat road
is in progress.

Kyaukhtu Airport, built by Directorate of Military Engineers of the Ministry of Defence in Kyaukhtu, Saw Township, Gangaw District, Magway Division, was commissioned into service on 10 July 2004. The airport has helped develop the transport sector of southern Chin State linking Yaw and Pakokku regions in Magway Division.

Cars can reach Kanpetlet from Magway (capital of Magway division) via Saw and from Kyautthu and Mindat and Matupi in southern Chin State from Pakukku via Kyaukhtu.

In 1988, the state has two over {{convert|180|ft|m|adj=on}} bridges:
*270 foot Nakzaang Bridge in Tonzang Township
*240 foot Lemro Bridge in Matupi Township.

The military government has built the {{convert|340|ft|m|adj=on}} Var Bridge across Manipura River on Kalay-Haka Road in Falam Township in 1998 and {{convert|480|ft|m|adj=on}} 'Mansuang Hlei' Bridge across River Manipura on Tedim-Kaptel-Rih Lake road in Tedim District in 2002. The {{convert|460|ft|m|adj=on}} Mansaung Bridge is being built across Manipura River on Tedim-Rih Lake section.

===Airports===
*[[Surbung Airport]]
*[[Paletwa]] Airport VYPE

==Communication==

===Development in the communication sector===
'''Comparison between period preceding 1988 and after (up to 31 December 2006)'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Subject
! Count
! 1988
!31-12-2006
!Progress
|-
| Post Office
| office
| 29
| 45
| 16
|-
| Telegraph Office
| office
| 11
| 24
| 13
|-
| computer offices/trainings
1.Vontawi Compute in Sakollam_PaNangSuanGin
2.Will Computer in Lawibual
|-
| Facsimile
|
|
| 22
| 22
|-
| Computer telegraph
|
|
| 3
| 3
|-
| Telephone
|
|
|
|
|-
| -telephone office
| office
| 8
| 29
| 21
|-
| -telephone line
| line
| 3390
| 4519
| 1129
|-
| -exchange
| exchange
| 8
| 18
| 10
|-
| -direct line
| line
| 2431
| 3402
| 3159
|-
| -auto/manual phone
| phone
| 2431
| 3402
| 3159
|-
| Microwave station
| station
|
| 5
| 5
|-
| Rural telephone exchange
| exchange
|
| 11
| 11
|-
| e-Mail/Internet
|
|
| 12
| 12
|-
| Satellite station
|
|
|
|
|-
| -VSAT
| station
|
| 1
| 1
|-
| -MPT satellite Terminal
| station
|
| 15
| 15
|}

==Electricity==
The effective use of land and water resources in the state has helped develop its power generation capacity.

In 1988, the state has four small scale [[Hydroelectric|hydro-power]] stations:
*the Zalui in Tedim Township
*the Tongva in Haka Towhship
*the Ngasitvar in Falam Township
*the Paletwa in Paletwa Township.
The military government built another 12 diesel power stations and six new hydro power plants, helping increase the power consumption.

The four new hydroelectric power plants are the
*0.2 megawatt Namhlaung Creek plant in Matupi Township
*0.6 megawatt Laiva plant in Falam Township
*0.2 megawatt Tuisawmlui plant in Tonzang Township
*0.2 megawatt Chichaung plant in Mindat Township

The Manipura Multipurpose Dam Project will be implemented.

===Development in the electric power sector===
'''Comparison between period preceding 1988 and after (up to 31 December 2006)'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Subject
! Count
! 1988
! 31 December 2006
! Progress
|-
| Electricity consumption
| unit (in million)
| 1.552
| 5.736
| 4.184
|-
| Maximum power
| megawatt
| 2.000
| 2.217
| 0.217
|-
| Installed power
| megawatt
| 2.709
| 5.787
| 3.078
|-
| '''Extend generating of electricity'''
|
|
|
|
|-
| -Hydro power plant completed
| Plant
| 4
| 10
| 6
|-
| -Small (up to 1 megawatt)
| Plant
| 4
| 10
| 6
|-
| -Diesel used plant
| Plant
| 19
| 31
| 12
|-
| -Private Plant
| Plant
| 0
| 99
| 99
|}

===List of Hydro power plants===
*Zalui 0.40 megawatt
*Tongva 0.40 megawatt
*Ngasipva 1.00 megawatt
*Paletwa 0.05 megawatt
*Nanlaungchaung 0.20megawatt
*Laiva 0.60 megawatt
*Tuisawmlui 0.20 megawatt
*Chichaung 0.20 megawatt
*Thinthe 0.05 megawatt
*Linebon 0.05 megawatt

==Industrial sector==
Due to the facilitation of the transport and communication sectors and increase in the power generation in the state, many new private industries have emerged in the region. The state now has 522 private industries, 179 more than 343 in 1988. The number of state-owned industries has now reached nine from five in the past. The government has been striving to develop the industrial sector of the state which will become a major tea-growing region.

'''Comparison between period preceding 1988 and after (up to 31 December 2006)'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Subject
! Count
! 1988
! 31 December 2006
! Progress
|-
| Upgrading of industrial power Industry
|
|
|
|
|-
| -Private industry
| industry
| 343
| 522
| 179
|-
| -Cottage industry
| industry
| 0
| 2
| 2
|-
| -State owned industry
| industry
| 5
| 9
| 4
|}

==Education==
{{See also|List of universities in Chin State}}

According to official statistics,<ref name=cso-edu>{{cite web |url=http://www.etrademyanmar.com/STATS/s1701.htm |title=Education statistics by level and by State and Division |access-date=19 April 2009 |publisher=Myanmar Central Statistical Organization |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080524012235/http://www.etrademyanmar.com/STATS/s1701.htm |archive-date=24 May 2008 }}</ref> Chin State had 25 high schools in 2003.

Chin State does not have any secular colleges or universities. Students have to leave to in order to pursue higher education. Students from northern Chin State attend university in [[Tahan]]-[[Kalay]], [[Sagaing Division]]. Students from southern Chin State attend university in [[Pakokku]]. However, there are private theological colleges in Chin State:
*[[Chin Christian College]], Hakha
*Union Theological College (UTC), Matupi
*Kalay University, Kalay, formerly Khaikam College
*Chin Institute of Christian Theology, Falam, formerly known as Zomi Theological College
*Government Technology of Institute (GTI, Hakha)
*Bethel Bible College (BBC, Tedim)
*Tedim Theological College (TTC, Tedim)
*Faith Baptist Bible College and Seminary (FBBC&S, Tedim)
*Kalay University, formerly known as Khaikam University
*[[Technological University (Kalay)]]
*[[Computer University (Kalay)]]
*[[Pakokku University]]
*[[Computer University, Pakokku]]
*[[Technological University, Pakokku]]

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width="100"|AY 2002-2003
!width="100"|Primary
!width="100"|Middle
!width="100"|High
|-
|Schools
|1058
|83
|25
|-
|Teachers
|2708
|818
|333
|-
|Students
|66,000
|30,600
|9900
|}

==Health care==
The general state of health care in Myanmar is poor. The health care infrastructure outside of [[Yangon]] and [[Mandalay]] is extremely poor. Although health care is nominally free, in reality, patients have to pay for medicine and treatment, even in public clinics and hospitals. Public hospitals lack many of the basic facilities and equipment. The following is a summary of the public health system in the state.<ref name=cso-hosp>{{cite web|url=http://www.etrademyanmar.com/STATS/s0413.htm|title=Hospitals and Dispensaries by State and Division|access-date=19 April 2009|publisher=Myanmar Central Statistical Organization|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430032618/http://www.etrademyanmar.com/STATS/s0413.htm|archive-date=30 April 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!width="300"|2002–2003
!width="100"|# Hospitals
!width="100"|# Beds
|-
|Specialist hospitals
|0
|0
|-
|General hospitals with specialist services
|1
|150
|-
|General hospitals
|9
|314
|-
|Health clinics
|12
|192
|- class="sortbottom"
|'''Total'''
|'''22'''
|'''656'''
|}

==References==
{{Incubator|code=lus|language=Mizo}}
{{Incubator|code=chi|language=Chin}}
{{Incubator|code=cnh|language=Laiholh}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Myanmar_states.html WorldStatesman - Myanmar - States of Burma 1948-1974]
*For more cultural information about the Chin see [[F.K. Lehman]]. 1963. ''The Structure of Chin Society;: A Tribal People of Burma Adapted to a Non-Western Civilization''. University of Illinois Press.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20171011013832/http://www.stavangerchin.no/ Stavanger Chin Organization]
*[http://www.chinland.org The Chin National Front]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050707084213/http://www.chro.org/ Chin Human Rights Organization]
*[http://www.freewebs.com/msu-media Matupi Students Union]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20190209025726/https://www.ecsp.jp/ Chin Community in Japan]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080522064557/http://www.chinfolk.tk/ Chin Community in Norway]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070628214851/http://www.chinforening.dk/ Chin Community in Denmark]
*[http://www.cdrs.se Chinland Development and Research Society in Sweden]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051218164859/http://www.ccgev.de/ Chin Community in Germany]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070929224839/http://www.ccfdenmark.dk/ Chin Christian Fellowship in Denmark]
*[http://www.tongdot.com English- Chin Online Dictionary]
*[http://www.maraland.org MITCS]
*[http://www.zogam.com ZOGAM Home]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090826151808/http://www.vaphual.net/ Vaphual news & articles on Zo people]
*[http://www.ccgev.de Chin Community Germany]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090122081307/http://www.zogam.org/ The official website of Zomi Reunification Organisation]
*[http://www.modins.net/myanmarInfo/health_edu/uniandcol.htm Institutes of Higher Education in Myanmar (January 2002)] - arranged by state and division

{{Geographic location
|Centre = {{flag|Chin State}}
|North = [[Manipur]], {{flag|India}}
|Northeast =
|East = {{flag|Sagaing Region}} {{flag|Magway Region}}
|Southeast =
|South = {{flag|Rakhine State}}
|Southwest = [[Chittagong Division]], {{flag|Bangladesh}}
|West = [[Mizoram]], {{flag|India}}
|Northwest =
}}
{{Chin State}}
{{Administrative divisions of Burma (Myanmar)}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Chin State| ]]
[[Category:States of Myanmar]]
[[Category:1974 establishments in Burma]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1974]]

Chin State - Revision history

Ajay Kumar at 09:57, 27 August 2023