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{{About|the municipality in Manipur, India|the eponymous district|Churachandpur district}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Churachandpur
| native_name_lang = 
| other_name = Lamka
| nickname =
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Hill Town area of Churachandpur
| pushpin_map = India Manipur#India
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Manipur, India
| coordinates = {{coord|24.346|93.70|format=dms| display=inline,title|region:IN_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Manipur]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Churachandpur district|Churachandpur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for = [[Churachand Singh]], the [[Maharaja]] of [[Manipur Kingdom]]
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 800
| population_total = 120000
| population_as_of = 2022
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Guite"/>
| demographics_type1 = Language(s)
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Meitei language|Meitei]]{{efn|name=lang|[[Meitei language]] (officially known as [[Manipuri language]]) is the official language of [[Manipur]].}}<ref name=langoff>{{cite web |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM47thReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 47TV report (July 2008 to June 2010) |pages=78 |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, [[Ministry of Minority Affairs]], [[Government of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513161847/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM47thReport.pdf |archive-date=13 May 2012 }}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Regional
| demographics1_info2 = [[Paite language|Paite]], [[Thadou language|Thadou]] and other [[Kuki-Chin-Mizo languages]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 795128<ref>{{cite web|author=India Post|language=en|url=http://www.indiapost.gov.in/pin/Pinsearch.aspx?Pin_On=Churachandpur|title=Pincode search - Churachandpur|access-date=28 July 2008|archive-date=16 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116161952/https://www.indiapost.gov.in/pin/Pinsearch.aspx?Pin_On=Churachandpur|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 03874<ref>{{cite web|author=Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd|language=en|url=http://www.bsnl.co.in/searchcode.php?state=Manipur&pgno=0|title=STD Codes for cities in Manipur|access-date=28 July 2008}}{{Dead link|date=July 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| registration_plate = MN 02
| website =
| footnotes =
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 14
| mapframe-wikidata = yes
}}
'''Churachandpur''' ([[International phonetic alphabet|IPA]]: ''/tʃʊRVːˌtʃaːnɗpʊr/),'' locally known as '''Lamka''' is the second largest town in the Indian state of [[Manipur]] and the district headquarters of the [[Churachandpur district]].<ref name="IE Lamka"/><ref name="Guite">
{{Cite news |last=Guite |first=Paojakhup |title=Churachandpur (Lamka) Town: The Unplanned Growth of Urbanisation and its Civic Management Systems |newspaper=Imphal Times |date=12 July 2022 |url=https://www.imphaltimes.com/it-articles/item/23246-churachandpur-lamka-town-the-unplanned-growth-of-urbanisation-and-its-civic-management-systems}}
</ref> The name "Churachandpur" was transferred from the earlier headquarters of the region at [[Songpi]] to the present location,{{Efn|It was referred to as "New Churachandpur" during the 1950s and 1960s.}} and honours [[Churachand Singh]], former maharaja of the [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur princely state]]. The local people reject the name as a colonial imposition and prefer using the native name "Lamka".<ref name="IE Lamka" />

Churachandpur is not a statutory town and does not have a municipality. It is governed by the Autonomous District Council of the Churachandpur district.

== Name ==
[[File:Old and new Churachandpur (SoI, 1944).jpg|thumb|right|280px|Old and New Churachandpur towns in a 1944 Survey of India map. The location marked as Churachandpur is the old Churachandpur (Songpi). The new location is at the junction of Tedim Road (then called Hiangtam Road) and Tipaimukh Road.]]
The name "Chura Chandpur" was originally given to the village of [[Songpi]] in 1921, where the British Raj administration had previously established a subdivision office.{{efn|A "sub-division" in the British system was a smaller unit of administration than a district, but often larger than native units of administration such as [[tehsil]] or taluka, which were styled "circles". The whole of Manipur was a single district under the British Raj. Four sub-divisions for hill regions were created in 1919. Other than Churachandpur, there was a North-West Sub-division headquartered at [[Tamenglong]], a North-East Sub-division headquartered at [[Ukhrul]], and a fourth sub-division headquartered at Imphal that covered the remaining areas (extreme north and the south-east).<ref>
{{citation |last=Singh |first=Karam Manimohan |title=History of the Christian Missions in Manipur and Neighbouring States |publisher=Mittal Publications |year=1991 |isbn=81-7099-285-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofchristi0000sing |via=archive.org |page=161}}</ref>}}
The name was coined in honour of [[Churachand Singh]], the reigning maharaja of the [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur princely state]] at that time. The Khuga river valley, the present site of Churachandpur was forested and mostly uninhabited at that time.<ref>
[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-181831961-imphal-83-h-1944.jpg Survey of India mapsheet 83-H (Burma and India)], 1944 (Surveyed 1922–24).
</ref>
In 1930, the Sub-Divisional Officers (S.D.O.'s) were withdrawn due to dearth of staff and the subdivision was administered directly from Imphal. The Songpi/Churachandpur office fell into disuse.{{sfnp|Ibochou Singh|British administration in Manipur|1985|pp=158–159}}{{efn|While two other subdivision offices, at Ukhrul and Tamenglong, were reopened due to disturbances, Churachandpur remained closed.{{sfnp|Ibochou Singh|British administration in Manipur|1985|pp=159–160}}}}

Around the time of Indian independence, the new administration set up under the [[Manipur State Constitution Act 1947|Manipur State Constitution]] decided to establish [[tehsil|administrative circles]] in the state, with one of them based at Churachandpur. Finding that the old offices at Songpi were unusable, they decided to build a new headquarters near Hiangtam Lamka, under the name "New Churachandpur".<ref name="Gazette 8 Jun 1949"/> This eventually gave the name Churachandpur to the entire area, at least in the official parlance.<ref name="IE Lamka"/>

The village called '''Hiangtam Lamka''' was established in the 1920s. It was at the junction ("lamka" in [[Kuki-Chin languages]]) of the Hiangtam Road the British laid during the [[Kuki Rebellion]] of 1917–1919, and the pre-existing Tipaimukh Road. With the rise of new villages surrounding it after the independence, the area around the road junction came to be called "Lamka",<ref name="IE Lamka"/> and the whole plain in the Khuga River valley "Lamka plain".<ref name="Pau">
{{citation |last=Pau |first=Pum Khan |title=Indo-Burma Frontier and the Making of the Chin Hills: Empire and Resistance |page=xii |year=2019 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dVmnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PR12 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=9781000507454 |quote=From a remote hill village in the Indo-Burma border, my grandparents moved to the plain of Lamka (Lamka ''zaang'') in Churachandpur District of Manipur chiefly in search of better livelihood and opportunity for the education of their children.}}
</ref>

The local people are said to have always used the name "Lamka" for the town in preference to "Churachandpur".<ref>
{{citation |editor1=Paromita Das |editor2=Charu Joshi |editor3=G. P. Pandey |title=Problems and Perspectives of the Relationship between the Media and Human Rights |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |year=2017 |isbn=9781443878326 |at=p. 120, note 11 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ExVUDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA120}}
</ref>
With the rise of ethnic tensions during the [[2023–2025 Manipur violence]], the [[Kuki-Zo people]] have increasingly spurned the name "Churachandpur".<ref name="IE Lamka">
{{citation |author=Sukrita Baruah |title=Amid ongoing violence, why there is an open challenge to the name of Manipur's Churachandpur |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=10 July 2023 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-history/manipur-churachandpur-lamka-kuki-zomi-meitei-history-8820659/}}
</ref>

== Geography ==
The Churachandpur town is in the valley of [[Khuga River]] (called "Lamka plain"),<ref name="Pau"/> which flows north from the southern border of the state towards the [[Imphal Valley]]. The town is at the intersection of two roads: the [[Tedim Road]], which runs from the Manipur state capital [[Imphal]] to the [[Tedim|Tedim Town]] in the [[Chin State]] of Myanmar, and the Tipaimukh road that goes to [[Tipaimukh]] in the southwest corner of the state and continues on to [[Mizoram]]. The junction of the two roads is called "Lamka" in [[Kuki-Chin languages|Kuki-Chiin languages]]. At present, the northern portion of the Tedim Road and the Tipaimukh Road make up the [[National Highway 2 (India)|National Highway 2]], connecting the states of [[Assam]], [[Nagaland]], Manipur and [[Mizoram]]. In addition to these roads, the road to [[Sugnu]] via the Tuineng valley also leaves from the Churachandpur town.

Churachandpur is a sprawling urban agglomeration, said to be the second largest town in Manipur.<ref name="IE Lamka"/> However it is not a statutory town and does not have a municipality. The region is divided into multiple villages and towns, under the supervision of the Autonomous District Council of the Churachandpur District.<ref name="Guite"/> Notable among the towns are '''Hiangtam Lamka''', west of Tedim Road, '''Zenhang Lamka''', east of Tedim Road, and [[Rengkai]] to the southeast, apart from other town wards like [[Kamdou Veng]].

== History ==
The Khuga River Valley, the location of the present-day Churachandpur Town, was forested and mostly uninhabited at the time of the [[Kuki Rebellion of 1917–1919]]. However, it was used for grazing [[gayal|mithuns]] (also called ''metna''), of which the chief of [[Ukha, Manipur|Ukha]], was the largest owner in the area.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=177}} Prior to the Kuki Rebellion, the British had also allowed some number of Nepali ex-servicemen to settle in the valley and use it for grazing cattle.{{sfnp|Zou, Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=160}} The destruction caused by the cattle to the crops of the Kuki people in the surrounding areas was considered a significant grievance causing antipathy towards the British administration.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=176}} The Nepalis were however loyal to the British, paid regular taxes, and also supplied ''[[ghee]]'' to the British troops.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|pp=176–177}} One of the first events of the Kuki Rebellion was to raid the Nepali graziers of the Khuga Valley on 28 December 1917, which was carried out by the [[Thadou people|Thadou]] and [[Zou people|Zou]] tribes jointly.{{sfnp|Zou, Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=160}}

Also during the Rebellion, the British constructed a road to [[Hiangtam]] in the southern part of the subdivision, which branched off the Tipaimukh road at a location that lataer came to be called "Hiangtam Lamka". It became the site of a new village.<ref name="IE Lamka"/>{{efn|"Lamka" means "crossroads" in the Kuki languages. "Hiangtam Lamka" was the village at the intersection of the Tipaimukh road and the Hiangtam road (now called "Tedim Road").<ref name="IE Lamka"/>}}

During the [[World War II]], the British constructed a motorable "Tedim Road" between Imphal and Tedim, extending the former Hiangtam Road. Seven decisive battles were fought along this road between the British 17 Indian Division and the Japanese 33 Division. The Japanese reached the Churachandpur area on 8 April 1944, and four battles were fought to the north of it, within Manipur, including one at [[Torbung]].<ref name="Pau Tedim Road">{{citation |first=Pum Khan |last=Pau |year=2012 |title=Tedim Road—The Strategic Road on a Frontier: A Historical Analysis |journal=Strategic Analysis |volume=36 |number=5 |pages=776-786 |doi=10.1080/09700161.2012.712387}}</ref> Eventually the Japanese were defeated at Imphal and withdrew from Manipur with heavy losses.<ref name="Pau Tedim Road" />

=== Independent period ===
In 1947, on the eve of Indian independence, the Maharaja's administration decided to form [[Tehsil|circles]] for local administration, designating two of them as Churachandpur Circle and [[Thanlon]] Circle respectively. Finding that the old offices at Songpi had been reused for other purposes, in 1949, it decided to construct a town called "New Churachandpur" next to Hiangtam Lamka to serve as the headquarters for the Churachandpur Circle.<ref>
{{citation |title=Impact of the Missionary Movement in Manipur |first=L. |last=Jeyaseelan |publisher=Scholar Publishing House |year=1996 |isbn=9788171723393 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9SLkAAAAMAAJ |pages=81–82 |quote=In 1946 [doubtful date], Thanlon and New Churachandpur (formerly Hiangtam Lamka) were made as Circle Headquarters and Mr. K. Hanghal and Mr. T. Kipgen appointed as Circle Officers respectively.}}
</ref><ref name="Gazette 8 Jun 1949">
{{citation |title=The Manipur State Gazette, No. 103 |publisher=Government of Manipur, by order of H. H. The Maharaja |location=Imphal |date=8 June 1949 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125717 |via=archive.org |quote=The Hon'ble Speaker to read out the Report on New Churachandpur Town as submitted by 3 Special Commissioners deputed by the Assembly.}}
</ref>
After Manipur's merger with India, the two Circles were combined into a Subdivision based at New Churachandpur.<ref>
{{citation |title=Manipur Gazette |publisher=Government of Manipur |location=Imphal |date=1950 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125706 |via=archive.org |at=No. 21, January 25, 1950, pp. 1–3}}
</ref>
The name "New Churachandpur" was used for at least two decades, until 1969. In that year, the subdivision was converted into a district and the prefix "New" was dropped.<ref>
R. K. Birendra Singh, [http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/4332/1/22872_1961_MAN.pdf District Census Handbook – Manipur], Census of India 1961, Government of Manipur. page 48.
</ref>{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011|p=38}}
Tourist guide books continued to use the term well into the 1990s.<ref>
{{citation |first1=P. N. |last1=Chopra |first2=Prabha |last2=Chopra |title=The India You do not Know |publisher=Sterling Publishers |year=1993 |url=https://archive.org/details/indiayoudonotkno0000unse |via=archive.org |url-access=registration |page=246}}
</ref><ref>
{{citation |last1=Bradnock |first1=Robert |last2=Bradnock |first2=Roma |title=India Handbook |year=1996 |publisher=Passport Books |location=Lincolnwood, Illinois |page=730}}
</ref>

Under the township of "New Churachandpur" the area grew rapidly. The 1971 census mentioned five areas comprising the town:<ref>
{{citation |title=Series 12: Manipur, Part II-A: General Population Tables |publisher=Director of Census Operations, Manipur |date=1976 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/30436/download/33617/51204_1971_GPT.pdf |page=2}}
</ref>
# Churachandpur Headquarters – {{conv|0.35|km2|abbr=on}}
# Hill Town – {{conv|0.32|km2|abbr=on}}
# Hiangtam Lamka (or Hiangtam Lamka, "Upper Lamka") – {{conv|0.14|km2|abbr=on}}
# Zenhang Lamka ("Lower Lamka") – {{conv|0.29|km2|abbr=on}}
# Rengkai – {{conv|0.41|km2|abbr=on}}

The Churachandpur Town was described as the third largest in Manipur in 1971.{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2001|p=6}}

The Churachandpur Town was however "denotified" in 1988 upon the recommendation of the Hill Areas Committee, and its area was placed under the Churachandpur Autonomous District Council. The 1991 census listed it as a Census Town, but the practice has since been discontinued. The whole area is considered "rural" for administrative purposes despite having clear urban characteristics.{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2001|p=6}} The 2011 census lists three census towns in the region, viz., Rengkai, Zenhang Lamka, and Hill Town (to the west of Hiangtam Lamka).{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011|p=34}}

== Demographics ==
The population of the Churachandpur Town is approximately 120,000 people.<ref name="Guite"/> The majority of the population consists of [[Kuki-Zo people]], with the dominant segment being the [[Paite people|Paite]] tribe. The [[Paite language]] is considered the ''lingua franca'' of the town.{{sfnp|Guite & Vualzong, Paitei Tribe of Churachandpur|2018|p=334}}

The town also contains 18 villages (neighbourhoods) with [[Meitei people|Meitei]] populations, totalling approximately 8,350 people. Almost all the Meitei were internally displaced during the [[2023–2025 Manipur violence]].<ref>
[https://www.ifp.co.in/ifp-breaking-point/we-were-running-for-our-lives ‘We were running for our lives’], Imphal Free Press, 15 September 2023.
</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of populated places in Churachandpur district]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{citation |title=Churachandpur District Census Handbook |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur |year=2001 |url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/4407/1/38770_2001_CHU.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2001}}}}
* {{citation |title=Churachandpur District Census Handbook |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur |year=2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/846/download/36252/DH_2011_1403_PART_A_DCHB_CHURACHANDPUR.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011}}}}
* {{cite thesis |last=Chishti |first=S. M. A. W. |title=Political Development in Manipur, 1919-1949 |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144521638.pdf |year=1979 |publisher=Aligarh Muslim University |via=core.ac.uk |degree=PhD |ref={{sfnref|Chishti, Political Development in Manipur|1979}}}}
** {{citation |last=Chishti |first=S. M. A. W. |title=Political Development in Manipur, 1919-1949 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YMcxSM_ZO30C |year=2005 |publisher=Gyan Publishing House |isbn=978-81-7835-424-8 |ref={{sfnref|Chishti, Political Development in Manipur|2005}}}}
* {{cite thesis |last=Ibochou Singh |first=Khwairakpam |title=British administration in Manipur 1891–1947 |publisher=Gauhati University |via=Shodhganga |degree=PhD |year=1985 |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/66697 |ref={{sfnref|Ibochou Singh|British administration in Manipur|1985}}}}
* {{citation |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919: A Frontier Uprising against Imperialism during World War I |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ |ref={{sfnref|Guite & Haokip, The Anglo-Kuki War|2019}}}}
** {{citation |last=Guite |first=Jangkhomang |chapter='Fighting the White Men till the Last Bullet': The general course of the Anglo-Kuki War |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=37– |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA37 |ref={{sfnref|Guite, Fighting the White Men till the Last Bullet|2019}}}}
** {{citation |last=Haokip |first=Thongkholal |chapter=Breaking the Spirit of the Kukis: Launching the ‘largest series of military operations’ in the northeastern frontier of India |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=93– |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA93 |ref={{sfnref|Haokip, Breaking the Sprit of the Kukis|2019}}}}
** {{citation |author=Ningmuanching |chapter='As Men of One Country': Rethinking the history of the Anglo-Kuki War |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=168–197 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA168 |ref={{sfnref|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019}}}}
** {{citation |first=David Vumlallian |last=Zou |chapter=Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=168–197 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA157 |ref={{sfnref|Zou, Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War|2019}}}}
* {{citation |last1=Guite |first1=M. Pauminsang |last2=Vualzong |first2=Langthianmung |chapter=Community Resilience Building and the Role of Paitei Tribe of Churachandpur in Manipur |editor1=Amita Singh |editor2=Milap Punia |editor3=Nivedita P. Haran |editor4=Thiyam Bharat Singh |title=Development and Disaster Management: A Study of the Northeastern States of India |publisher=Springer |year=2018 |isbn=9789811084850 |pages=331–348 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ypgDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA331 |ref={{sfnref|Guite & Vualzong, Paitei Tribe of Churachandpur|2018}}}}

== Further reading ==
* {{Cite web |last=Vualzong |first=Ginza |title=The Story Behind Songpi, Churachandpur and Lamka |url=https://www.zogam.com/articles/articles-i/general-articles/3022-the-story-behind-songpi-churachandpur-and-lamka.html |date=29 March 2015 |access-date=2023-02-24 |website=www.zogam.com}}
* Gangte, Thangzam (undated) ''Churachandpur Chanchin'' (An Account of Churachandpur)
* Ginsum, H (undated) ''Lamka Vangkhua'' (Lamka Town).
* Kamkhenthang, Dr. H (1995) "Lamka Town vis-a-vis Churachandpur", ''Shan'' (daily), 21 December.
* Kamkhenthang (1998) "Lamka (Churachandpur)" in B.D. Ray, A.K. Neog & H.K. Mazhari (eds.) ''Urban Development in North-East India : Potentiality and Problems'', New Delhi: Vedams Books.
* Manipur State Archives, Imphal: ''Manipur State Durbar 1907–1947'' – Papers related to the Court of the President of Manipur State Durbar, Hill Misc. Case No. 28 of 1945–46, Phungkhothang Chief of Hiangtam Lamka; also Misc Case No. 504 of 1934 Phungkhothang Chief of Hiangtam Lamka.

{{Manipur}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Churachandpur district]]

Churachandpur - Revision history

Xannat at 17:47, 28 March 2026