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{{short description|North Indian Ocean cyclone in 2020}}
{{Infobox tropical cyclone
| Name=Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Nivar
| Type=cyclone
| Year=2020
| Basin=NIO
| Image location=File:Nivar 2020-11-25 0815Z.jpg
| Image name=Cyclone Nivar at peak strength on November 25
| Formed=November 23, 2020
| Dissipated=November 27, 2020
| 3-min winds=65
| 1-min winds=70
| Pressure=980
| Damages=600
| Fatalities=14 total
| Areas=[[Sri Lanka]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]
| Hurricane season=[[2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]
}}
'''Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Nivar''' was a [[tropical cyclone]] which brought severe impacts to portions of [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Andhra Pradesh]] in late November 2020. The eighth depression and fourth named storm of the [[2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]], Nivar originated from a disturbance in the [[Intertropical Convergence Zone]]. The disturbance gradually organized and on November 23, both the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and the [[India Meteorological Department]] (IMD) reported that a tropical depression has formed. On the next day, both agencies upgraded the system to a tropical storm, with the latter assigning it the name ''Nivar''. Nivar made its landfall over north coastal Tamil Nadu between [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] and [[Chennai]] close to [[Marakkanam]]. Overall, Nivar caused $600 million in damages.<ref name="AonNovember">{{cite web|last=|first=|date=December 10, 2020|title=Global Catastrophe Recap in November 2020|url=http://thoughtleadership.aonbenfield.com//Documents/20201210_analytics-if-november-global-recap.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=December 10, 2020|website=|publisher=[[Aon (company)|Aon]]}}</ref>

== Meteorological history ==
{{Update section|date=November 2020}}
{{storm path|Nivar 2020 track.png|align=left}}
On November 22, an area of low pressure was formed in the [[Bay of Bengal]], off the coast of [[Tamil Nadu]]. It intensified into a depression on the early hours of November 23. In the early hours of November 24, it intensified into a cyclonic storm and it was named ''Nivar''. Immediately, the [[Joint Typhoon Warning Centre]] gave a TCFA and designated unofficially as Tropical Cyclone 04B. IMD issued cyclone warnings off the coast of Tamil Nadu, [[Pondicherry]] and [[Sri Lanka]]. On 25th, the cyclone reached its peak intensity of 120 kmph which makes it as a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm. The JTWC designated it as a category 1 tropical cyclone of 130 kmph. It made a landfall in [[Marakkanam]] close to Pondicherry on the midnight of November 25. Then it gradually weakened into a Deep Depression on early hours of 26th and JTWC issued the final warning at the same time . Afterwards the system entered back into the Bay of Bengal as a Deep Depression and made second and final landfall at [[Andhra Pradesh]] coast on the same day. It weakened on the early hours of November 27 at [[Rayalaseema]] region.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=23 November 2020|title=Update on Cyclone Gati and Depression BOB 04.|url=https://mausam.imd.gov.in/imd_latest/contents/cyclone.php#.|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110222750/https://mausam.imd.gov.in/imd_latest/contents/cyclone.php |archive-date=2020-01-10 |access-date=2020-11-23|website=mausam.imd.gov.in}}</ref>

== Preparations ==

===Sri Lanka===
Red warnings were put in place for northern [[Sri Lanka]], with the threat of heavy rainfall in the region.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/sri-lanka/india-sri-lanka-tropical-cyclone-nivar-gdacs-jtwc-imd-department-meteorology-sri|title=India, Sri Lanka – Tropical cyclone NIVAR (GDACS, JTWC, IMD, Department of Meteorology Sri Lanka) (ECHO Daily Flash of 24 November 2020)|author=ECHO|publisher=ReliefWeb|website=reliefweb.int|date=November 24, 2020|access-date=November 27, 2020}}</ref>

===India===
On 24 November, six [[National Disaster Response Force]] (NDRF) teams have been posted to [[Cuddalore]] and two teams will be deployed in Chennai. Tamil Nadu government suspended bus services until further orders in seven districts of [[Thiruvarur]], [[Nagapattinam]], [[Pudukkottai]], [[Thanjavur]], [[Viluppuram]], [[Chengalpattu]] and [[Cuddalore]].<ref name="1Hindu">{{Cite news|date=2020-11-24|title=Cyclone Nivar live {{!}} TN deputes 10 top police officers to monitor rescue and relief works|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/cyclone-nivar-live-updates-district-administrations-in-tns-delta-region-in-alert-mode/article33166078.ece|access-date=2020-11-24|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> During a review meeting, Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, [[K. Palaniswami]] asked his cabinet members and officials to remain completely vigilant and take necessary precautions ahead of the Cyclone. Officials were also directed to ensure that people in vulnerable areas were evacuated.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-24|title=Trains and buses cancelled, NDRF teams on alert: Here's how Tamil Nadu is bracing for Cyclone Nivar|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/trains-and-buses-cancelled-ndrf-teams-on-alert-here-s-how-tamil-nadu-is-bracing-for-cyclone-nivar/story-Vyfcbs6VworiiXYs0QOzdM.html|access-date=2020-11-24|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> Measures were taken by the Tamil Nadu government to store dry rations and fuel for the people after the cyclone's impact.<ref name="1Quint">{{Cite web|last=Quint|first=The|date=2020-11-24|title=Cyclone Nivar: PM Modi Assures Complete Support to TN, Puducherry|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/cyclone-nivar-in-tamil-nadu-and-andhra-pradesh-live-updates|access-date=2020-11-24|website=TheQuint}}</ref> The Tamil Nadu government declared a statewide holiday on 25 November.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-24|title=Nivar: Possible flight disruption to statewide holiday in TN — 10 updates|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/cyclone-nivar-revised-chennai-metro-timings-to-statewide-holiday-in-tamil-nadu-10-updates-11606228885180.html|access-date=2020-11-24|website=mint}}</ref> The Tamil Nadu state government reported that more than 100,000 people were evacuated and were sheltered in 1000 relief centers.<ref>{{Cite web|last=PTI|date=2020-11-25|title=Over 1 lakh people evacuated in Tamil Nadu & Puducherry as cyclone Nivar intensifies|url=https://theprint.in/india/over-1-lakh-people-evacuated-in-tamil-nadu-puducherry-as-cyclone-nivar-intensifies/551925/|access-date=2020-11-25|website=ThePrint}}</ref>

The District magistrate of the [[Nellore district]] of Andhra Pradesh reported that 3,363 people were sheltered in 115 relief camps.<ref name="NDTV115">{{Cite web|title=1 Dead, Thousands Evacuated As Cyclone Nivar Brings Heavy Rain In Andhra|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/cyclone-nivar-brings-heavy-rainfall-in-andhra-pradesh-1-dead-thousands-evacuated-2330579|access-date=2020-11-26|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

On November 26, the IMD issued yellow alert in several parts of Karnataka including [[Bengaluru]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-26|title=Cyclone Nivar: IMD issues yellow alert in Karnataka|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bengaluru/cyclone-nivar-imd-issues-yellow-alert-in-karnataka/story-jpiEWBhRDwGHeern6x7v2I.html|access-date=2020-11-26|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

== Impact ==

===Sri Lanka===
Showers and thunderstorms associated with Nivar impacted parts of Sri Lanka as the system moved inland on November 26.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2020/11/26/news/‘nivar’-cyclonic-storm-gradually-weakens|title='Nivar' Cyclonic Storm gradually weakens|publisher=Sunday Observer|website=sundayobserver.lk|date=November 26, 2020|access-date=November 27, 2020}}</ref>

===India===
==== Tamil Nadu ====
The cyclone brought heavy to very heavy rains over north coastal Tamil Nadu starting 23 November 2020. Chennai received continuous downpours on 23,24,25 November 2020 with IMD Chennai recording 163mm ending 25 November 8:30 AM IST. Chennai and other parts of North TN saw gusty winds touching 60-70kmph on 24,25 November. Several roads were closed in the area of the [[Greater Chennai Corporation]] were closed due to [[Waterlogging (agriculture)|waterlogging]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/cyclone-nivar-chennai-corporation-evacuates-478-residents-from-low-lying-areas/article33177109.ece|title=Cyclone Nivar: Chennai Corporation evacuates 478 residents from low-lying areas|newspaper=The Hindu|location=Chennai, India|date=November 25, 2020|access-date=November 26, 2020}}</ref> Due to intense rainfall, [[Chembarambakkam Lake]] released water for the first time after five years.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Lakshmi|first=K.|date=2020-11-26|title=Gates of Chembarambakkam reservoir opened after 5 years|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/gates-of-chembarambakkam-reservoir-opened-after-5-years/article33180707.ece|access-date=2020-11-26|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Many areas including Madipakkam, Velachery, Adambakkam and suburbs around Tambaram and low-lying regions along the river Adyar were flooded. Rainwater entering houses was also seen in some places in the western suburbs.<ref>{{Cite news|others=Special Correspondent|date=2020-11-26|title=Inundation plagues residents in and around city suburbs|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/inundation-plagues-residents-in-and-around-city-suburbs/article33180597.ece|access-date=2020-11-26|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The Greater Chennai Corporation removed uprooted trees from 223 roads. The estimates of Chennai civic officials reported that flood water entered around 40,000 homes within the borders of the corporation.<ref>{{Cite news|others=Special Correspondent|date=2020-11-26|title=Cyclone Nivar: Chennai Corporation clears 223 roads of uprooted trees, restores traffic|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/cyclone-nivar-chennai-corporation-clears-223-roads-of-uprooted-trees-restores-traffic/article33182895.ece|access-date=2020-11-26|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Five people were reported dead in Tamil Nadu.

==== Puducherry ====
Trees were uprooted, electric poles were damaged and several areas were flooded as of November 26.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cyclone Nivar impact: Heavy rains batter Pondicherry, trees uprooted|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/cyclone-nivar-impact-heavy-rains-batter-pondicherry-trees-uprooted/articleshow/79421962.cms|access-date=2020-11-26}}</ref> The Chief Minister of Puducherry [[V. Narayanasamy]] reported that the initial loss in agriculture and other sectors was estimated at [[₹]]4 billion (US$54.2 million).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tentative Loss Of Rs 400 Crore Due To Cyclone Nivar: Puducherry Chief Minister|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/tentative-loss-of-rs-400-crore-due-to-cyclone-nivar-puducherry-chief-minister-2330722|access-date=2020-11-26|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

==== Andhra Pradesh ====
Eight people were reported dead in Andhra Pradesh. The rainfalls made significant impact on the districts of [[Chittoor district|Chittoor]], [[Prakasam district|Prakasam]], [[Kadapa district|Kadapa]] and [[Nellore district|Nellore]], 112000 people were affected, 2,294 houses/huts were damaged, 6,133 homes were left stranded, 2,618 small animals, 88 large animals and 8,130 poultry birds were reported dead based on a preliminary evaluation.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-29|title=Cyclone Nivar claims eight lives in Andhra Pradesh|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/in-other-news/291120/cyclone-nivar-claims-eight-lives-in-ap.html|access-date=2020-11-29|website=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref> In [[Nellore district]], Paddy seedlings in 2500 hectares drowned and in [[Prakasam district]], standing crops in 34,000 hectares were damaged.<ref>{{Cite news|others=Special Correspondent|date=2020-11-26|title=Cyclone Nivar {{!}} Three killed, crops damaged as storm crosses Tamil Nadu coast|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/cyclone-nivar-claims-3-lives-over-227-lakh-persons-in-relief-camps/article33182810.ece|access-date=2020-12-01|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Loss of [[APSPDCL]] was amounted to be ₹50.7 million (US$687,000).<ref>{{Cite news|last=Raghavendra|first=V|date=November 30, 2020|title=Nivar causes a loss of ₹5.07 crore to SPDCL|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/nivar-causes-a-loss-of-507-crore-to-spdcl/article33207992.ece|access-date=November 30, 2020|work=The Hindu}}</ref>

== See also ==

*[[Tropical cyclones in 2020]]
*[[2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]
*[[Cyclone Gaja]] – Another destructive cyclone which hit the similar areas.
*[[Cyclone Vardah]]
*[[Cyclone Thane]]
*[[Cyclone Amphan]]
*[[Cyclone Burevi]]

== References ==
<references />

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season buttons}}
{{Disasters in India in 2020}}

[[Category:Tropical cyclones in India|Nivar]]
[[Category:November 2020 events in Asia]]
[[Category:2020 in India]]
[[Category:2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in 2020|Nivar]]

Cyclone Nivar - Revision history

CleanupBot II at 21:14, 13 August 2023